Epp Foundation Repair: Blog

2026 Omaha commercial foundation repair guide for business owners.

Dave Epp — Mon, 05 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT

Commercial foundation problems in Omaha follow many of the same geological patterns as residential ones. Loess soils, freeze-thaw cycles, drainage failures, but the stakes are different. A residential foundation crack is a homeowner problem. A commercial foundation crack is a liability, an occupancy issue, and a business continuity problem. This guide covers what Omaha business owners should expect from commercial foundation repair.

How commercial foundation problems differ from residential

Commercial structures typically carry heavier concentrated loads, have larger footprints spanning varying soil conditions, and were often built on sites graded and filled differently than residential neighborhoods. Loading docks, mechanical rooms, and parking structures create point loads that residential construction rarely encounters. A strip mall's slab may handle fork traffic in one bay and foot traffic in another. Differential loading alone can drive uneven settlement across a single building.

The other key difference is timeline. Residential foundation problems often develop over years. Commercial problems can appear and worsen quickly, particularly in structures with inadequate drainage, aging waterproofing, or deferred maintenance.

Warning signs in Omaha commercial buildings

The indicators that warrant an evaluation in a commercial context are similar to residential ones but visible at larger scale:

diagonal cracks from the corners of window and door openings
gaps between slab sections at expansion joints that are widening
floor areas with noticeable slope (most apparent in warehouses or manufacturing spaces where forklifts roll unevenly)
exterior masonry with stair-step cracking through mortar joints
retaining walls showing rotation or outward lean

Water intrusion that was previously managed but has worsened over a season is often the earliest indicator that the underlying foundation system is under load it wasn't designed to handle.

Common repair methods for Omaha commercial properties

The methods we use most often in commercial scopes are:

helical pier underpinning for settled building sections
slab pier systems for interior concrete stabilization (installed through the floor with minimal business interruption)
compaction grouting where widespread poor bearing is identified beneath the footing
carbon fiber or steel I-beam reinforcement for bowing CMU walls

For retaining structures under significant lateral load, engineered helical tiebacks are typically specified.

Commercial jobs almost always involve a licensed structural engineer. We work directly with engineers, property managers, and architects on permitted scopes, providing the documentation that satisfies the permit record and the building's long-term maintenance file.

What to expect from a 2026 commercial scope

Project timelines vary significantly with scope. A focused slab pier installation in a retail unit can be completed in a day without closing the space. A full underpinning project with multiple pier locations and concrete restoration typically runs two to five days, depending on access and pier count. We provide start and finish dates in writing, with work sequenced to minimize business interruption wherever the site allows.

Cost for commercial foundation repair in the Omaha metro varies widely with scope, from a focused slab repair to a full-perimeter underpinning project. The on-site assessment and Customized Repair Estimate will reflect the actual conditions of your property. We don't quote ranges. We quote numbers, after we've looked.

Permits and engineering. What's required

Nebraska requires permits for most structural foundation repairs on commercial properties. We pull required permits on every job that needs them. The permit record protects the property owner at resale and satisfies most lenders and insurance carriers who require documentation of structural work. If a project requires a stamped engineer's drawing, and most commercial underpinning jobs do. We can coordinate that directly, or work with your engineer of record.

Mudjacking vs. Foam injection: ten factors that affect pricing.

Dave Epp — Wed, 31 Dec 2025 00:00:00 GMT

Both mudjacking and polyurethane foam injection can lift sunken sidewalks, driveways, and garage floors, but they do it differently, cost differently, and perform differently over time. Here are the ten factors that most directly affect what each method costs, and why Epp Foundation Repair's crews only install polyurethane foam.

Epp Foundation Repair does not perform mudjacking. Our crews use polyurethane foam injection on every concrete lifting job, for the reasons laid out below. This comparison is here so homeowners researching either method understand what they're actually paying for and why.

1. Material cost per cubic foot

Mudjacking slurry. A mix of topsoil, sand, Portland cement, and water. Costs significantly less per unit than two-part polyurethane foam. This is the primary reason mudjacking quotes often come in lower on large jobs. Foam's material advantage is weight: it's roughly 50 times lighter than slurry, which matters when the underlying soil is already compromised.

2. Volume and depth of voids beneath the slab

Large or deep voids beneath a slab require more material to fill regardless of method. Deep voiding under a garage floor or driveway substantially increases material cost for both approaches. If voids are extensive, the estimate will reflect it. On either side.

3. Slab size and number of injection ports

Pricing scales with the number of drill holes required, which scales with slab area and settlement distribution. Foam typically requires fewer and smaller ports than mudjacking, reducing drilling cost on large areas. On a long driveway, this difference can be meaningful.

4. Slab thickness and condition

Thinner slabs (3 to 4 inches) are more prone to cracking during the lift. Both methods carry risk here, but foam's controlled low-pressure expansion gives more lift precision on delicate slabs. Slabs with existing cracks that run full-depth need a different approach entirely. Lifting them can worsen the damage.

5. Accessibility

Mudjacking equipment is bulkier. Tight access. A narrow side yard, a garage with a low door, an interior space with limited clearance. Can make mudjacking impractical or impossible. Foam equipment is more compact and can reach spaces mudjacking equipment can't enter.

6. Required cure time

Mudjacking typically requires 24 to 48 hours before the surface can take traffic. Polyurethane foam cures in 15 to 30 minutes. For driveways, commercial surfaces, or any area that needs to return to use the same day, foam's fast cure is worth the price premium on its own.

7. Soil and moisture conditions

Foam performs better in wet or saturated conditions. It doesn't dilute or wash away. Mudjacking slurry can migrate in high-moisture environments before it cures. If water is part of the problem causing the settlement, foam is the more reliable choice.

8. Long-term durability

Polyurethane foam is waterproof, inert, and doesn't add significant weight to the soil beneath the slab. Mudjacking adds material weight that can contribute to further settlement in marginal soil conditions. For long-term performance on compromised ground, foam holds its edge. Particularly in climates with heavy seasonal moisture variation, like Nebraska, Iowa, Kansas, and Missouri.

9. Project scale

Mudjacking's per-unit cost advantage is most pronounced on very large, straightforward jobs: long driveways, commercial parking areas, warehouse floors, where material volume is high and access is easy. Epp Foundation Repair's crews use polyurethane foam on projects of every size, because the precision, faster cure, and lighter load matter on nearly every residential job regardless of scale.

10. Regional contractor market

In the regional contractor market, foam injection typically runs 25 to 50% higher than mudjacking for equivalent jobs. The premium buys faster cure, lighter fill, and better moisture resistance. Whether that premium is justified for your specific slab depends on your soil conditions, timeline, and how the slab is used. Epp Foundation Repair only installs polyurethane foam, and every estimate starts with an on-site inspection of the slab and the soil underneath it.

What Is Drain Tile?

Dave Epp — Wed, 21 May 2025 00:00:00 GMT

Drain tile keeps the soil around your home's foundation dry by collecting and channeling water away from the foundation. Dry soil is essential because most foundation problems are caused by water in the soil that can't drain off.

Other names for drain tile include foundation drain, drainage tile, perimeter drain, weeping tile, and French drain. When it comes to getting groundwater under control or waterproofing a basement, drain tile is the gold standard.

In this article, we're going to talk about drain tile basics, interior vs. exterior drain tile, drain tile pipes, drain tile installation cost, and signs your home might need a drain tile system.

What is drain tile?

Drain tile is a highly effective waterproofing solution that keeps the soil under and around your home's foundation from getting waterlogged. In a drain tile system, excess moisture at the base of the foundation is channeled into a sump pit and then released away from the foundation via a sump pump. Sometimes, depending on yard slope, the collected water might be released via gravity instead of a sump pump. For a deeper look at why these setups are so effective, you can find basement drain systems explained in our detailed guide.

Despite the name, there are no tiles in this popular drainage system. The main feature is a 4" perforated pipe. Exterior drain tile is installed outside along the foundation perimeter at the footing level. Interior drain tile is installed under the basement floor.

Newer homes usually have at least an exterior system. Drain tile systems are easy to install during construction. They can also be installed in existing homes, but they require excavation down to the footer (for exterior drain tile) or tearing up the basement slab (for interior drain tile). Installing a drain tile system is a major construction project.

Exterior installation

Exterior drain tile is installed around the outside perimeter of the foundation at the level of the footing. The general installation procedure is as follows:

The first step is excavation down to the footer.
A trench is then dug alongside the footer, along with a sump pit.
The trench is lined with gravel, and then the drain tile pipe is placed into the trench, covered with more gravel and a special fabric to keep soil out.
Finally, the trench is covered with the previously excavated dirt.

Installing an exterior system in an existing home is a major construction project because of the heavy excavation. Understanding the mechanics of how a drain tile system works can help homeowners prepare for this level of foundation protection.

Interior installation

An interior drain tile system is installed under the floor in the basement or crawl space. Interior installations are pretty common in older homes that don't have an exterior system. The general procedure is as follows:

Everything is removed from the basement, including any carpeting.
A jackhammer is used to break up the basement floor.
A trench is dug around the inside perimeter of the basement, along with a sump pit.
The trench is lined with gravel, and then the drainpipe is placed into the trench and covered with more gravel.
If the basement is going to be finished, the trench is covered.

Now, any excess water in the soil under the foundation will be channeled into the sump pit and then ejected by the sump pump. Many homeowners prefer interior basement drainage systems because they do not require exterior digging or landscaping disruption.

Two types of pipes

Rigid PVC pipe

Rigid PVC pipe has holes on one side and is placed holes-down in the gravel-lined trench. Because the pipe is rigid, corner fittings are used for direction changes.

Flexible corrugated pipe

Flexible corrugated pipe has tiny holes all over. However, the holes are small enough to keep soil out. Corrugated pipe is less expensive than PVC pipe, and because it's flexible, it easily bends to go around corners. It's also very durable in both hot and cold temperatures.

Installation cost

The installation cost depends on various factors, including your geographical location, whether the system is exterior or interior, the type of pipe used, whether it will be installed in an existing house or one currently under construction, etc.

Therefore, we can't give you even a ballpark figure. The only way to know for sure is to contact a foundation repair contractor who has experience installing drain tile and ask for an inspection and repair estimate. When choosing basement waterproofing solutions for your property, it is essential to consider the specific soil conditions and foundation type of your home. Most contractors do inspections for free.

Although you might be tempted, we advise against DIY because installation is a major construction project. It's better to find an experienced contractor you can trust.

If you're thinking about installing drain tile and you're in our service area in Nebraska, Iowa, Kansas, and Missouri, contact us for a free inspection and estimate.

How do I know if I have a drain tile system?

The easiest way to know if you have a drain tile system is to look for a sump pit. Typically, if you have a sump pit, you have a drain tile system. If you look inside the sump pit you will be able to see the drain tile coming into it. If you do not see anything coming into the sump pit, then you likely don't have one.

Does your home need drain tile?

It depends. Your home might not need a drainage system if it sits on soil that drains well. In other words, soil that has a lot of sand and gravel in it. However, even then, it might be a good idea.

If you're building a new home, drain tile doesn't cost a lot to install. Therefore, you might as well have it done. Drain tile is also required in most areas of the US for new construction projects.

If you're trying to sell a home, drain tile will make your home more attractive to buyers, and if you're buying a home, look for one that already has drain tile installed.

Contact us for a repair estimate if you're thinking about drain tile for your home and you're in our service area, which covers drain tile waterproofing in Lincoln and Omaha basement waterproofing crews, plus Kearney, Nebraska, Missouri, Iowa and parts of Northeastern Kansas.

Protect Your Crawl Space With Drainage Matting

Dave Epp — Tue, 26 Nov 2024 00:00:00 GMT

Have you noticed your crawl space feeling a bit damp or musty? If so, you're not alone. Crawl space moisture issues are common among homeowners in the Midwest, but they can lead to significant problems if left untreated. One effective solution to these problems is crawl space drainage matting. This article will review everything you need to know about drainage matting, including how it works, signs that you need it, the benefits, and the installation process.

What Is Drainage Matting?

Drainage matting is a specially designed material, typically made from high-density polyethylene, placed directly on the ground in your crawl space. This matting has dimples or channels that direct water away from the foundation and into a designated drainage area, ensuring moisture doesn't accumulate beneath your home.

Promoting better drainage prevents standing water in your crawl space and reduces the risk of mold, mildew, and structural damage. Many homeowners pair drainage matting with other crawl space repair solutions to create a comprehensive moisture management system. Exploring various crawl space drainage solutions is essential for maintaining a dry foundation.

Signs You Need Drainage Matting In Your Crawl Space

Do you need drainage matting? Here are some telltale signs:

Persistent Dampness: If your crawl space floor feels constantly damp or soggy, this indicates poor drainage.
Musty Odors: A musty smell usually indicates mold or mildew growth, both of which thrive in moist environments.
Water Stains: Visible watermarks or stains on the walls or floor of your crawl space are signs that water is seeping in.
Pest Infestations: Pests like insects and rodents are attracted to damp conditions. If you notice an influx of pests, moisture could be the cause.

If you're experiencing any of the signs mentioned above, taking action promptly is a good idea. Scheduling a professional crawl space inspection is a wise step to assess the moisture situation in your crawl space accurately. A qualified inspector can evaluate the current conditions, identify potential issues, and recommend the best solutions, including installing drainage matting.

They will also check for possible risks to your home's foundation and overall structure. By investing in an inspection, you can ensure your crawl space remains a secure and dry environment, safeguarding your home and enhancing its longevity.

Benefits Of Drainage Matting

Drainage matting promotes proper water drainage, which has several benefits for your home. These include:

Improved Air Quality: Reducing moisture minimizes the risk of mold and mildew, leading to better indoor air quality.
Enhanced Structural Integrity: Excess moisture can weaken wooden beams and floor joists. Proper drainage helps maintain your home's structural integrity.
Energy Efficiency: A dry crawl space can help improve the efficiency of your HVAC system, potentially reducing energy costs.
Healthier Living Environment: Lower humidity levels reduce the likelihood of dust mites and other allergens, creating a healthier environment for you and your family.
Pest Deterrence: A dry and well-managed crawl space can significantly reduce the likelihood of pest infestations. Many common pests thrive in damp areas, so installing drainage matting creates an environment that is less inviting for insects and rodents.

How Does Drainage Matting Work?

Drainage mats are designed to enhance water drainage in crawl spaces through their unique structural features. The dimples or channels on the surface of the matting create voids that allow water to flow freely without pooling. As rainwater or groundwater seeps into the crawl space, these channels direct the water toward designated drainage points, such as a footing drain. Additionally, the mats elevate any encapsulating moisture barrier slightly above the ground, allowing for better airflow beneath the space and further reducing moisture. By creating this efficient drainage system, drainage mats protect your home from humidity and water damage.

Do You Need Drainage Matting Under A Vapor Barrier?

Yes, drainage matting is often used with vapor barriers for optimal results. Incorporating drainage matting beneath a vapor barrier significantly extends its lifespan and enhances its effectiveness. The primary function of a vapor barrier is to block moisture from permeating through the ground into the crawl space, but if water is allowed to pool beneath it, the barrier can be compromised over time. Drainage matting creates a protective cushion that directs liquid water away from the vapor barrier, preventing potential tears, punctures, or degradation caused by prolonged exposure to moisture.

Furthermore, by promoting improved airflow under the vapor barrier, drainage matting helps to reduce humidity levels, which diminishes the chances of condensation forming on the barrier itself. This combined approach helps the vapor barrier and the overall moisture management system remain intact, providing long-term protection against dampness and its associated problems. As a result, investing in quality drainage matting not only safeguards your crawl space but also helps prolong the life of the vapor barrier, protecting your home's structure and air quality. Understanding crawl space vapor barrier basics can help you choose the right materials for this combined setup.

Can You Install Drainage Matting Without Encapsulating Your Crawl Space?

Installing drainage matting without complete encapsulation is possible, but it's not always recommended. Crawl space encapsulation done properly involves sealing your crawl space completely, including walls and floors, to create a controlled environment. Installing drainage matting and encapsulating your crawl space offer the best protection against moisture. However, if you're not ready for complete encapsulation, installing drainage matting alone can still provide significant benefits. It will help better manage water flow and reduce moisture levels, even without complete encapsulation.

Installing Crawl Space Drainage Matting

Installing drainage matting is a straightforward process, but it requires attention to detail to be effective. Here's a basic overview:

Prepare the Area: Clear any debris, rocks, or sharp objects from the crawl space floor.
Lay the Matting: Roll out the drainage matting across the floor, evenly covering all areas.
Seal the Seams: Use waterproof tape to seal any seams between pieces of matting, preventing water from seeping through.
Install a Vapor Barrier (if applicable): To provide additional protection against moisture, lay a vapor barrier over the drainage matting.

While DIY options are available, professional installation helps ensure the job is done safely, correctly, and efficiently. Professionals have the experience and tools to address potential issues and provide long-lasting results.

Waterproof Your Crawl Space

Creating a dry, moisture-free crawl space involves more than just installing drainage matting. Encapsulation protects your crawl space by sealing all vents, covering the floors, walls, and sometimes even the ceiling with a heavy-duty vapor barrier, and installing a dehumidifier. It provides strong protection against moisture and improves overall air quality. For homeowners considering a complete system, Epp's crawl space vapor barrier installation page walks through the long-term benefits of a sealed environment.

Ready to take the next step? Contact us today to schedule a free inspection and get started on creating a dry, healthy crawl space for your home. Our crawl space repair crews, located throughout Nebraska, Iowa, Kansas, and Missouri, can assess your crawl space and provide a customized solution.

Water Seeping Through Foundation Slab: Hydrostatic Pressure

Dave Epp — Wed, 20 Nov 2024 00:00:00 GMT

Your home's foundation is the cornerstone of its stability and security. However, an often-overlooked threat to this critical structure is water seepage through the foundation slab. This seemingly minor problem can escalate into a major one if left unaddressed. Hydrostatic pressure is one of the primary culprits behind this type of water infiltration.

In this blog post, we'll explore what hydrostatic pressure is, how it impacts your foundation, and effective solutions like basement waterproofing systems to safeguard your home.

What Is Hydrostatic Pressure?

According to the University of Hawaii, hydrostatic pressure is the force exerted by the weight of water on submerged objects. The term "hydro-" refers to water, and "-static" means "at rest." When it comes to homes, this generally pertains to the pressure exerted by groundwater on your foundation. The higher the volume of water surrounding your home, the greater the hydrostatic pressure that presses against your foundation walls and floor slabs.

Over time, this pressure can force water through even the most minor cracks and crevices in your foundation, leading to water seepage in basements and foundations and potentially causing significant damage. Understanding the primary causes of slab foundation leaks is the first step in diagnosing why moisture is entering your home.

What Causes Hydrostatic Pressure?

Several factors can contribute to increased hydrostatic pressure around your home; here are some of them:

Heavy Rainfall and Poor Drainage: Excessive rainfall can saturate the soil around your home, increasing the amount of groundwater and, consequently, the hydrostatic pressure. If your property has poor drainage systems, the problem can become much worse. Water that cannot drain away from your foundation will pool around your home, continuously pressing against the foundation.
High Water Table: The water table is the level at which the ground is saturated. If your home is built in an area with a high water table, the groundwater level is closer to the surface. This means consistently higher hydrostatic pressure on your foundation increases the likelihood of seepage.
Soil Composition: Different soil types have varying capacities to absorb and retain water. For instance, clay soils have fine particles that fit closely together, retaining water for extended periods. This leads to higher hydrostatic pressure than sandy soils, which drain more quickly because of their larger particles and greater porosity.
Inadequate Waterproofing: Homes that lack proper waterproofing measures, such as exterior waterproofing membranes, sump pumps, and drainage systems, are more susceptible to issues caused by hydrostatic pressure. Waterproofing solutions create a barrier preventing water from penetrating your foundation, reducing the seepage risk. Proper slab foundation waterproofing involves specialized membranes and drainage layers designed to withstand constant moisture exposure.
Seasonal Changes: Seasonal changes can also significantly impact hydrostatic pressure. For example, the transition from winter to spring often involves melting snow and ice, adding considerable water to the soil.
Landscaping and Grading: The slope of the land around your home can either alleviate or exacerbate hydrostatic pressure. Poor grading that slopes toward the house rather than away from it will direct water toward the foundation, increasing hydrostatic pressure. Proper landscaping and grading can help divert water away and reduce pressure on the foundation walls.
Plumbing Leaks: Undetected plumbing leaks can also contribute to hydrostatic pressure. Water from a leaking pipe can saturate the soil around your foundation, increasing pressure and the likelihood of seepage. Routine inspections of your plumbing can help identify and fix leaks before they become a more significant problem.

Other Sources Of Water Seeping Through Foundation

If hydrostatic pressure has been ruled out as the cause of water seepage, other water sources seeping through the foundation should be considered. These include:

Surface water from rain or melted snow can seep through foundation walls if not properly managed.
Leaks from interior plumbing, such as burst pipes or leaking appliances, can lead to water seeping through foundation floors and walls.
Condensation in basements can create moisture problems that mimic seepage through the foundation.
Window wells, especially around basement windows, can collect water, leading to seepage through the foundation.
Cracks can develop in the foundation due to settling, temperature changes, or structural issues, allowing water to seep.

The Dangers Of Water Seeping Through A Foundation Slab

Water seeping through your foundation slab isn't just a minor inconvenience: it can be a significant threat to the structural integrity of your home and the health of its occupants.

Concrete Deterioration: Water infiltration can gradually deteriorate the concrete that makes up your foundation slab. Over time, the concrete loses its strength and durability, increasing the likelihood of cracks, breaks, and structural failure.
Soil Erosion: Water seeping through the foundation can cause soil erosion beneath your home. The water carries soil particles away, creating voids and pockets beneath the slab. These voids can lead to uneven settling or sinking of the foundation.
Undermining Foundation Supports: The continuous presence of water can weaken the supports and reinforcements within your foundation. This is particularly concerning in homes with basements or crawl spaces, where the water can erode or corrode support structures, leading to potential collapse.
Mold and Mildew: One of the most urgent and hazardous effects of water seepage is the rapid growth of mold and mildew. These organisms flourish in damp areas and can spread quickly once they take hold. Mold spores can severely impact indoor air quality, leading to allergies and other health issues, especially for those with weakened immune systems.
Pest Infestations: A damp environment is an ideal breeding ground for termites, ants, and rodents. These pests may cause a lot of damage to your home's structure and create additional health risks. Termites, for example, are well-known for chewing through wood, which can weaken wooden support beams and other structural components.
Costly Repairs: Addressing the effects of water seepage can be incredibly costly. Whether repairing structural damage, replacing corroded support systems, or remediating mold, the expenses add up quickly. These costs can be particularly burdensome if the problem is not addressed promptly and allowed to worsen over time. Homeowners can refer to a basement leak repair guide to understand the different professional methods available for stopping water intrusion at the source.
Decreased Property Value: Homes with a history of water seepage and the associated damages often face reduced property values. Potential buyers will likely be wary of investing in a home with past or ongoing water issues, making it harder to sell your property at its full market value.
Ongoing Maintenance Issues: Once your home has experienced water seepage, it's likely to require ongoing maintenance and monitoring to prevent future occurrences. This means frequent inspections, potential re-waterproofing, and constant vigilance to ensure the issue doesn't recur.

How To Prevent Hydrostatic Pressure

As you can see, hydrostatic pressure can lead to water infiltration, cracks, and structural damage. However, you can take a few steps to prevent these issues from occurring in your home.

Install Gutters and Downspouts: Properly installed gutters and downspouts channel water away from your home's foundation. Ensure that gutters are not clogged and downspouts extend 6-10 feet from the foundation.
Grading: According to Building America Solution Center, the ground around your home should slope away from the foundation at a minimum of 0.5 inches per foot for 10 feet. This helps direct surface water away from your home.
French Drains: Installing French drain systems can help capture and divert groundwater away from the foundation.
Sump Pump: A sump pump can help if you live in an area with a high water table or frequent rainfall. A sump pump is installed in a sump pit and ejects water away from your foundation.
Exterior Waterproofing Membranes: Exterior waterproofing membranes, made from durable materials like rubber, are applied directly to foundation walls. These membranes effectively prevent water from penetrating through the foundation.
Interior Basement Waterproofing: Besides exterior solutions, interior basement waterproofing can be highly effective. This can include installing interior drain tile systems and sealants to manage any water entering your basement. Many homeowners find that interior drainage system solutions provide the most reliable protection against hydrostatic pressure without the need for extensive exterior excavation.
Inspect and Clean Gutters: Regularly inspect and clean your gutters to ensure they are free from debris that could cause overflow and water accumulation around the foundation.
Check Downspouts and Extensions: Ensure downspouts and extensions are appropriately directed and functional. Replace or fix any damaged parts to maintain efficient water diversion.

Who To Call For Water Seepage And Foundation Problems?

In cases where hydrostatic pressure has already caused significant damage, foundation repair experts can address structural issues and implement solutions to prevent further problems. It's essential to contact the specialists in these problems to ensure effective and lasting solutions. Epp Foundation Repair is a trusted expert in the field, offering various services to tackle water seepage and foundation concerns, including basement waterproofing.

If you live in Lincoln, Omaha, Grand Island, Kearney, and other nearby areas, we can help you with waterproofing and foundation repair. Contact us today!

Pier And Beam Foundation Spacing: Best Practices For Stability

Dave Epp — Mon, 18 Nov 2024 00:00:00 GMT

When it comes to your home's foundation, the stakes couldn't be higher. The foundation's health directly impacts the structural integrity of your entire home. And among the various types of foundations, pier and beam stand out as a time-tested method, particularly popular in areas with expansive soils or where flooding might be a concern. The intricacies of pier and beam foundation spacing (and everything else in between), however, often raise many worrisome questions. Let's try to answer them, as understanding these aspects can be the difference between a solid foundation and one that gradually fails over time.

First, What Are Foundation Piers?

Foundation piers are deep, supportive structures that transfer the load of a building down to a stable soil layer or bedrock. Unlike slab foundations, which spread the load over a large area, pier foundations concentrate the load on specific points, allowing for construction on uneven terrain or soil with low bearing capacity. Understanding pier foundation design basics is essential for ensuring these point-loads are supported correctly.

These piers are typically constructed from materials such as concrete, steel, or wood. Depending on the soil conditions and the specific requirements of the building, they can be driven, drilled, or poured. Many homeowners find drilled concrete piers helpful to understand when considering deep foundation options for heavy structures. Epp Foundation Repair does not install drilled concrete piers. Epp installs helical and push piers instead. The piers work in conjunction with beams, which distribute the load across them. Together, they form a grid that effectively supports the structure above.

Pier And Beam Foundation Spacing Explained

In a pier and beam foundation, piers are spaced out strategically across the footprint of the building, supporting horizontal beams that, in turn, support the floor joists and the structure's weight. This design creates a crawl space beneath the house, offering several advantages over slab-on-grade foundations.

The crawl space, typically between 18 inches to 4 feet high, allows easy access to plumbing, electrical wiring, and HVAC systems. It also acts as a buffer against ground moisture. However, this type of foundation requires careful attention to detail, especially regarding the spacing of the piers.

The Importance Of Proper Pier And Beam Foundation Spacing

The spacing of foundation piers is not just a matter of structural integrity; it's about ensuring the long-term health and stability of the building. Incorrectly spaced piers mean uneven load distribution, which can cause floors to sag, walls to crack, or doors and windows to stick. Over time, these issues can exacerbate, leading to costly repairs or, in severe cases, catastrophic failure of the foundation.

Factors Influencing Pier Spacing

Several factors influence the spacing of piers, including the weight of the building, the type of soil, the size of the beams, and local building codes. Typically, piers are spaced between 5 to 8 feet apart, but this can vary depending on the project's specifics.

Building Load

One of the primary determinants of pier spacing is the load the foundation must support. This includes the weight of the structure itself, as well as additional loads such as furniture, appliances, occupants, and environmental factors like snow or wind.

Simply put, heavier buildings require more piers or piers closer together to distribute the load effectively.

Soil Conditions

Soil type plays a crucial role in calculating how close or far apart the piers should be. Piers can often be spaced further apart in areas with stable, compacted soil or bedrock close to the surface. Conversely, in regions with expansive clay, loose sand, or other unstable soils, piers set closer together will prevent shifting or settling.

Beam Size And Material

Larger, more substantial beams can span greater distances between piers without sagging, allowing for wider spacing. However, smaller or weaker beams require piers placed closer together to prevent structural issues.

Local Building Codes

Building codes vary by region. They take into account local environmental conditions, such as soil type and weather patterns, and provide guidelines for minimum and maximum pier spacing. Make sure to consult these codes during the design phase of a pier and beam foundation to avoid potential legal and structural issues.

Common Pier Spacing Guidelines

While the specific pier and beam foundation spacing can vary depending on the factors mentioned above, some general guidelines are commonly followed in residential construction:

For typical residential structures: Piers are generally spaced 5 to 8 feet apart.
For larger buildings or those with heavy loads: Spacing may be reduced to 3 to 5 feet.
In areas with poor soil conditions: Closer spacing is required, sometimes as close as 3 feet apart.
For lighter structures or in areas with firm, stable soil: Spacing can be increased to 8 to 10 feet or more.

It's important to note that these are just general guidelines, and the actual spacing should be determined by a structural engineer assessing the specific conditions of your site.

Signs That Your Pier And Beam Foundation Needs Attention

Even with proper pier spacing, a pier and beam foundation may require maintenance over time. Here are some signs that you might need to have your foundation inspected or repaired:

Uneven or Sagging Floors: This often indicates that one or more piers have settled or shifted, causing the beams to become uneven.
Cracks in Walls and Ceilings: They may start small and gradually widen if the underlying issue is not addressed.
Doors and Windows That Stick: If your doors or windows begin to stick or fail to close correctly, it could be a sign that your foundation is shifting. This is often caused by the piers settling unevenly, leading to frame misalignment.
Moisture Issues in the Crawl Space: If you notice excessive moisture, mold, or mildew, it could be a sign that the foundation is not performing as it should. This moisture can weaken the beams and piers over time, leading to more significant issues.

Repairing And Maintaining Your Pier And Beam Foundation

Maintaining a pier and beam foundation involves regular inspections and timely repairs. Reviewing a foundation repair methods overview can help you understand the different technologies used to stabilize a failing system. The following steps can help ensure the longevity and stability of your foundation:

Replacing Or Adding Piers

In some cases, piers may need to be replaced due to damage or added to improve the foundation's stability. This can be a complex process, especially if the piers are difficult to access or if the soil conditions are challenging. However, it's a necessary step to ensure the foundation's long-term stability.

One typical case is when the existing piers have deteriorated due to rot, termite damage, or prolonged exposure to moisture, which compromises their ability to support the structure.
Another situation arises when the soil beneath the piers shifts or erodes, causing uneven settling that can lead to structural imbalances.
Adding extra levels to a house typically requires supplemental piers to accommodate the increased load.
In some cases, adding new piers can solve the problems of poor original construction or inadequate pier spacing, and restore stability. When structural intervention is necessary, a helical vs push pier comparison can help determine which mechanical support is best suited for your specific soil type.

Each of these scenarios requires careful assessment by a professional to determine the best course of action.

Addressing Moisture Issues

Moisture is one of the biggest threats to a pier and beam foundation. To prevent damage, ensure that the crawl space is adequately ventilated and that any water drainage systems around your home function correctly.

If you notice moisture buildup, consider installing a vapor barrier or improving the drainage around your home.

Re-Leveling The Foundation

It's not uncommon for a pier and beam foundation to require re-leveling over time. This process involves raising the foundation and adding or adjusting the piers to ensure the structure is level and stable.

Re-leveling should be performed by professionals to ensure that it's done correctly and safely.

Regular Inspections

Routine inspections will let you discover potential issues before they become major problems. Ideally, you should inspect your foundation at least once a year, paying close attention to the crawl space and the condition of the piers and beams.

Look for signs of moisture, rot, or insect damage, as well as any shifting or settling of the piers.

Ensure Your Piers Are Correctly Spaced!

Addressing any issues as (or before) they arise is the right path to prevent costly repairs and maintain your home's structural integrity.

If you're concerned about the condition of your pier and beam foundation or if you've noticed signs of damage, don't wait to take action. Request a quote today for professional crawl space repair services and protect your home from foundation issues before they escalate!

Is Efflorescence Harmful? Causes And Removal Options

Dave Epp — Fri, 08 Nov 2024 00:00:00 GMT

Do you have white, chalky stains on your basement walls or floors? That's not dirt; it's efflorescence. While it might seem harmless, it may be a warning sign from your walls that something's not quite right.

Understanding what efflorescence is, why it occurs, and the importance of basement waterproofing is essential for maintaining your home's foundation. In this article, we'll explore what causes efflorescence and how you can address it to protect your home from potential costly and long-term problems.

What Is Efflorescence?

A white or gray powdery substance known as efflorescence can be found on brick, concrete, and stone surfaces. This occurs due to water evaporation, which leaves salt deposits behind. Efflorescence itself is not dangerous to your health. However, it can signal an issue with moisture in your home. Too much moisture can cause structural damage or mold growth if ignored.

Efflorescence works like cleaning up a spill of sugar in your kitchen. When you mop up the sugar with water, it dissolves. But when the water dries, it leaves behind sticky spots. Similarly, efflorescence occurs when water moves through materials, picking up salts. When the water reaches the surface and evaporates, it leaves those salts behind. This process is often a visible indicator of moisture intrusion through concrete that originates from the soil outside.

Is Efflorescence Harmful? What Causes It?

Efflorescence is not harmful because it doesn't affect the foundation or strength of your walls or floors. It's simply the result of water carrying salts to the surface. These salts form a white, powdery coating that looks unsightly but doesn't cause structural damage.

Efflorescence happens when water enters materials like brick, concrete, or stone. Water travels through the material, absorbing salts. As the water reaches the surface and evaporates, it leaves the salts as a white, powdery substance. So, when you see efflorescence, it may be a warning that water has been seeping into your walls or floors and is leaving a salty residue as it dries.

How To Remove Efflorescence

Getting rid of efflorescence is easier than you might think. Here's how you can do it:

Brush It Off: Start using a stiff brush to scrub the white powdery substance off the surface. This method works well if the efflorescence is light and hasn't been there for too long.
Rinse with Water: If brushing doesn't remove it, try rinsing the area with water. You can use a hose or a sponge with clean water to wash away the salts. After rinsing, remember to dry the surface thoroughly.
Use Vinegar for Tougher Spots: Mix equal amounts of white vinegar and water for more challenging spots. Apply the mixture to the area and scrub it with your brush. The vinegar helps break down the salts, making them easier to remove. After this, rinse the area with water and dry it thoroughly.
Dry the Area: After cleaning, dry the area thoroughly. Leaving moisture behind can cause efflorescence to reappear. Implementing long-term basement waterproofing measures, such as using a dehumidifier or improving ventilation, will help keep the area dry. You can use a towel, fan, or hairdryer to speed up drying.

What Materials Are Prone To Efflorescence?

Materials like brick, concrete, stone, and stucco are prone to efflorescence because they are porous, meaning they have tiny holes that let water in. When these materials absorb water, it moves through them, carrying salts. As the water reaches the surface and evaporates, it leaves these salts behind, creating that white, powdery substance called efflorescence.

Primary Vs. Secondary Efflorescence: What's The Difference?

Primary efflorescence: This happens during the construction process. When materials like concrete are mixed with water, the water can bring salts to the surface as it evaporates. This is normal and usually appears soon after the materials are placed or cured.

Secondary efflorescence: This occurs after the construction is complete. It happens when water from an external source, like rain, groundwater, or leaks, seeps into the materials. As this water moves through the material and evaporates, it leaves salts behind, creating a white, powdery residue.

How To Prevent Efflorescence

Preventing efflorescence is about keeping moisture away from brick, concrete, and stone surfaces. Here's how you can do that:

Seal Your Surfaces: Apply a water-repellent sealant to bricks, concrete, and stone. This creates a protective barrier that effectively prevents water from seeping in, which is the primary cause of efflorescence. By sealing your surfaces, you can effectively protect your home from potential water damage and the formation of efflorescence. Homeowners should also familiarize themselves with foundation waterproofing basics to prevent groundwater from ever reaching the porous masonry.
Improve Drainage: Make sure that water flows away from your home. Clean your gutters, extend downspouts, and consider installing drainage systems like French drains to prevent water from pooling around your home and soaking into its foundation.
Fix Cracks and Gaps: Check your walls, floors, and structures regularly for any cracks or gaps. Water can easily enter through these openings; filling these cracks and gaps with waterproof caulk or concrete patching will help create a barrier and keep water out, protecting your home from potential structural damage and dampness.

Can Efflorescence Damage Your Foundation?

Efflorescence, while not directly threatening your foundation's structure, is a clear sign of excessive moisture that can lead to serious problems. It's important not to ignore this issue, as the moisture causing it can weaken your foundation, cause cracks, or even lead to mold and mildew growth.

Why Is Home Foundation Maintenance Important?

Contacting professionals for more serious cases or ongoing home structural issues is the best way to ensure peace of mind. A waterproofing specialist can assess your home for potential moisture problems and offer solutions like:

Basement Waterproofing: Professionals use specialized coatings or install systems like sump pumps to keep your basement dry and moisture-free. Understanding basement waterproofing fundamentals can help you choose the right system to protect your below-grade space. These measures help prevent water damage and prolong the strength of your home.
Crack Repair: Experts seal cracks in your home's foundation using high-quality materials that create a durable and efficient waterproof barrier. It keeps water from seeping into your home, causing more damage and costly repairs.
Drainage Solutions: Professional services can install French drains, improve grading around your home, and install weep holes to help water escape from behind walls. Proper drainage helps prevent moisture from causing problems like efflorescence, mold, and structural damage.

Who To Call For Professional Services?

Your home deserves the best care. At Epp Foundation Repair, we're experts in fixing foundation issues. If you live within Lincoln, Omaha, Norfolk, Kearney, or Grand Island, get in touch with us today!

Can Cracks In Popcorn Ceiling Be Repaired?

Dave Epp — Wed, 06 Nov 2024 00:00:00 GMT

Are you noticing cracks in your popcorn ceiling? If so, you're in the right place.

In this article, we'll explore what those cracks mean and how they might be connected to a more significant issue affecting your home's foundation. We'll also explain why cracks form in popcorn ceilings, what to look out for, and whether to consider structural or foundation repairs.

Let's dive into the causes behind those cracks and the solutions that will help keep your home safe and sound.

What Is A Popcorn Ceiling?

A popcorn ceiling, also known as a stipple or acoustic ceiling, is a ceiling finish that gained popularity in the past. Named for its distinct textured appearance that resembles popcorn or cottage cheese, this ceiling style was commonly applied using a spray-on or paint-on treatment. It was popular in homes because it was a quick and easy way to cover up imperfections on the ceiling.

Think of it as makeup; just like how makeup covers blemishes and smooths out imperfections on the skin, popcorn ceilings are sometimes applied to hide cracks, dents, or uneven spots in the ceiling.

Popcorn ceilings are usually made from a mix of paint and a drywall compound like Styrofoam beads and sometimes asbestos (in older homes). Asbestos is no longer used due to its aesthetic appeal and associated health concerns.

Common Causes Of Cracks In Popcorn Ceilings

Cracks in popcorn ceilings can be frustrating, but they often happen for a reason. Here are some common causes:

Moisture Damage: Cracks in popcorn ceilings often result from moisture damage. It occurs when water leaks from your roof or walls, causing your ceiling material to weaken. As moisture builds up, the integrity of your ceiling can be affected, causing cracks and bubbles to form. If you notice cracks, it is essential to check any leaks to prevent further damage.
Shifting Foundations: If your home's foundation shifts slightly, some parts of your house may sink more than others. Because of its texture, this exerts pressure on your walls and ceilings, particularly the popcorn ceiling. You may observe the formation of small cracks, which could worsen if your foundation problem is not addressed correctly.
Poor Installation: Improper installation of popcorn ceilings can also lead to cracks. The texture may not adhere well if your popcorn ceiling is not applied correctly, such as by not preparing the surface properly. Dust or debris on the drywall before application can hinder the texture from sticking, resulting in future cracks. Ensuring proper installation methods is essential for the stability and longevity of your home's ceiling and foundation.
Age and Deterioration: Over the years, wear and tear can cause popcorn ceilings to crack. The materials used in older popcorn ceilings can deteriorate eventually, leading to a loss of adhesion and the formation of cracks. Normal wear and tear or mechanical damage from items like furniture can also cause cracks, especially in older installations.
Vibration and Impact: Vibration from earthquakes, heavy foot traffic, or impact from objects can cause cracks to develop. Nearby construction or renovations can create vibrations strong enough to cause cracks in the ceiling. Bumping into the ceiling with furniture or other household items can cause immediate or subsequent cracks.

Types Of Ceiling Cracks

Ceiling cracks come in various shapes and sizes, each potentially indicative of different issues. Having the different types of ceiling cracks explained can help you determine if your popcorn ceiling just needs a touch-up or professional attention.

Hairline Cracks: These are thin and small cracks that can be found on your ceiling. Typically, they are less than 1/16 inch wide and are commonly the result of paint build-up; over time, small movements and aging cause them. Usually, these cracks are not a cause for concern.
Straight Cracks: Thin, linear breaks in the drywall are commonly seen as straight cracks. Homeowners may feel concerned about these cracks, thinking there are major structural issues. These cracks usually result from the drywall tape movement rather than your drywall material's separation.
Discolored Cracks: The surface of your ceiling often shows discolored cracks in shades of brown, yellow, or copper, indicating the presence of moisture due to potential leaks from plumbing or roof issues. It is essential to address these stains early, as they can worsen if left unattended.
Diagonal Cracks: Diagonal cracks run at an angle across the ceiling. They can be caused by structural stress, often due to foundation issues or significant movement in the building's framework. Knowing when ceiling cracks are structural is vital for preventing long-term damage to your home's integrity. These cracks may indicate serious structural concerns and should be inspected by a professional.
Sagging Ceiling with Cracks: Sagging ceilings with cracks occur when a noticeable sag is accompanied by cracking. This can result from water damage, such as leaks or moisture accumulation above the ceiling, or structural problems, like damaged joists. This serious type of crack requires immediate attention to prevent collapse and resolve the underlying cause.
Cracks Around Fixtures: Cracks around fixtures, such as lights, fans, or vents, form due to stress from installing the fixture or movement in the foundation. These cracks are usually minor, but a professional evaluation may be necessary if they begin to widen or spread.

Can Cracks In Popcorn Ceiling Be Repaired?

Yes, cracks in a popcorn ceiling can be repaired, but the approach depends on the underlying cause. If the crack is purely cosmetic, it can be patched and retextured to restore the ceiling's appearance. However, professional intervention is required if the crack results from structural issues such as a damaged ceiling joist or water damage. Structural problems can affect the safety and integrity of your home, so it's essential to have the damage assessed and repaired by a qualified expert.

How To Repair Cracks In Popcorn Ceilings?

The approach to repairing cracks in a popcorn ceiling depends on the cause of the damage.

Patch It Up: For cosmetic cracks, the process involves cleaning the area, applying joint compound to fill the crack, smoothing it out once dry, and reapplying the popcorn texture before painting the area to match the rest of the ceiling. For a deeper look at common wall issues, you can review our guide on drywall cracks causes and fixes to ensure a smooth restoration.
Foundation Repairs: If the crack is due to foundation issues, such as settling or shifting, it's important to first have a professional inspect and stabilize the foundation using methods like underpinning with helical or push piers. Once the foundation is secure, you can repair the ceiling using the same cosmetic cracks process.
Structural Repairs: Structural issues, such as damaged ceiling joists or trusses, require a professional assessment and repairs. After the structural elements are repaired or reinforced, the ceiling can be patched and restored.
Water Damage Repair: For cracks caused by water damage, it's essential to first identify and fix the source of the leak, allow the area to dry completely, and remove any damaged material. After replacing the affected sections, the ceiling can be patched, retextured, and painted to complete the repair.

How To Prevent Future Cracks?

To prevent future cracks in ceilings, walls, and other structures, focus on proactive maintenance and addressing underlying issues:

Inspect regularly: Conduct routine inspections to identify small problems before they worsen. Look for wear, water damage, or other potential issues to ensure timely repairs. Homeowners should also stay alert for other subtle signs of foundation movement, such as nail pops or sticking doors, which often accompany ceiling damage.
Maintain proper moisture levels: Control humidity using dehumidifiers and ensure proper ventilation, especially in bathrooms and kitchens. Excess moisture weakens materials and can lead to cracks.
Use quality materials: Opt for high-quality materials like paint, plaster, drywall, and repair compounds that are more resistant to cracking and better address underlying issues.
Ensure proper structure maintenance: Regularly maintain your home's foundation and roof by sealing gaps, reinforcing weak points, and ensuring the foundation is stable.
Address water leaks promptly: Fix leaks as soon as they are detected, as water damage can weaken structures and lead to cracks. Proper plumbing and roofing maintenance are essential.
Avoid structural changes without professional guidance: Large renovations or structural changes should be done with professional help to prevent compromising the integrity of your home.
Use expansion joints: In construction, expansion joints allow for the natural movement of materials due to temperature changes, helping to prevent cracks.

When Professional Help Is Needed?

Professional help is needed when cracks in ceilings or walls are large, growing, or accompanied by sagging, as these can indicate serious structural issues such as foundation problems or water damage. If cracks continue to appear after repairs or occur near doors, windows, or fixtures, it's important to consult an expert. For these situations, it's best to seek professional assistance from a trusted provider like Epp Foundation Repair, which specializes in foundation repairs and structural solutions to ensure your home's stability and safety. Visit Epp Foundation Repair to schedule a free foundation inspection and get expert help to protect your home.

Can You Turn A Crawl Space Into A Basement?

Dave Epp — Wed, 06 Nov 2024 00:00:00 GMT

Can your crawl space become a basement? Yes, it's possible, but there's more to it than digging. In this article, we'll explore how to do it, the costs involved, and the time it takes for the conversion process, and we will weigh the pros and cons. Whether you're looking for more living space or considering alternatives, you'll find tips and insights to help you make the best decision for your home.

Basement vs. Crawl Space: What's The Difference?

A basement and a crawl space may both sit beneath your home, but they serve very different purposes, and each has its advantages. Understanding the differences between crawl space vs basement foundations is the first step in deciding which structural style best suits your long term needs.

Here's a clear look at how they compare:

Basement

According to FEMA, a basement is a part of a building, or a home, where the entire floor is below ground level, surrounded by soil on all sides.

Here's what makes it different:

Size and Usability: Basements have full height ceilings, often 7 to 8 feet or more, ideal for extra living space or storage. Whether you're looking to add a family room, home gym, or guest bedroom, a basement provides a broad floor area for storage or utility use.
Purpose: Basements are perfect for expanding your living space or housing systems like HVAC, water heaters, or electrical setups. Whether finished or unfinished, they offer versatility in function and value.
Accessibility: Most basements are accessed through stairs inside the home and often have windows or external doors that are easy to use regularly, whether for living space or storing oversized items.
Moisture Control: Since basements sit entirely underground, they are naturally at risk for moisture issues, but with the right combination of basement waterproofing techniques, drainage plans, and sump pumps, the space can remain dry and undamaged.

Crawl Space

A crawl space is a part of the house under the first floor where you can't stand up because it's too low.

Size and Usability: Crawl spaces offer limited height and narrow structures that provide entry to plumbing, electrical wiring, and ductwork, allowing enough clearance for crawling and maintenance.
Purpose: Crawl spaces are fundamental in shielding your home from common ground issues, such as moisture and pests, while allowing for easy home infrastructure maintenance.
Accessibility: Accessing a crawl space involves a small exterior entry point or an internal trap door, which can be a challenge. It is rarely visited and usually only for repair or inspection purposes. When examining these areas, homeowners should be aware of crawl space structural considerations, specifically how short "cripple walls" support the weight of the floor above.
Moisture Control: Crawl spaces are close to the ground and are naturally prone to moisture problems. They can accumulate humidity without proper ventilation or a moisture barrier, which may result in mold or harm the structure's stability.

In short, a basement gives you a large, usable area with a high ceiling, much more than a crawl space, which mainly protects against moisture and holds utilities in a compact space. Both must be kept dry, but a basement generally does more to increase your home's value and usable space.

Can You Turn A Crawl Space Into A Basement?

Yes, you can turn a crawl space into a basement, but it's a large scale project. Even though this project is a significant undertaking, it adds space and can boost your home's market value when completed.

A professional assessment is essential, as not all homes are suitable for conversion. We highly recommend a foundation inspection before renovation to ensure your existing structure can handle the weight and pressure of an expanded basement. The secret to success is meticulous planning and selecting skilled professionals for the job. We'll cover that in more detail below.

Pros And Cons Of Turning A Crawl Space Into A Basement

Turning your crawl space into a basement has its pros and cons.

Here's what you need to know:

Pros

Increased Living Space: You gain extra room to expand your home's functionality, like a home office, guest room, or storage.
Boosts Home Value: Adding a finished basement can increase your home's resale value and attract potential buyers.
Improved Insulation: A basement provides better insulation against the cold, which can help reduce your energy bills.
Foundation Protection: Reinforcing the foundation during the conversion process strengthens your home's structure and can prevent future issues like cracks or settling.
Customization: You can design the basement to fit your preferences.

Cons

High Costs: You'll need to budget for excavation, foundation work, waterproofing, and repairs. It's a significant financial investment.
Time Consuming: Expect the process to take several weeks or months, with possible delays.
Complex Work: The project involves structural changes and requires expert utilities and foundation work handling.
Moisture Risks: Basements may experience moisture issues if the waterproofing is not correctly applied.
Permit and Code Requirements: You'll need to deal with permits and local building codes, which can add complexity and extend the project timeline.

How Do You Convert A Crawl Space Into A Basement?

Converting your crawl space into a basement includes waterproofing and foundation repair.

Here's how professionals do it:

Inspect Your Current Crawl Space: A professional foundation contractor evaluates your crawl space and any water problems or structural concerns and resolves them before proceeding with the conversion.
Maintain Your Home's Stability: To keep your home stable during the conversion, the construction team needs to provide proper reinforcement. They lower the foundation in stages by installing I-Beam supports and creating footings to excavate and pour the new foundation in sections while keeping the home supported. There are several framing repair and floor support options available depending on whether you are digging out a crawl space or deepening an existing basement to gain ceiling height. If the builders pour the entire foundation at once, they will set up a cribbing or scaffolding system to temporarily support the house during the work.
Digging Out Your Crawl Space: The building team excavates below your home to remove the crawl space elements and debris to a depth of at least six to eight feet.
Set Up Your Basement Foundation: After excavation, the crew builds the new basement foundation. This involves pouring concrete, laying masonry, or using other materials.
Secure Your Home to the New Foundation: Once the team sets the new foundation, they remove the temporary supports and connect your home to the new basement foundation, using adequate support and completing the transition to a basement.
Basement Waterproofing: The foundation experts will install waterproofing measures like setting up drainage systems and applying moisture barriers to keep your new basement dry.

Disclaimer: The conversion process requires the help of a professional and is not a DIY project because of its complexity and potential risks. Improper handling can lead to serious structural damage, water infiltration, or even dangerous home shifting.

How Much Does It Cost To Convert A Crawl Space Into A Basement? How Long Does It Take?

Converting a crawl space into a basement is a significant investment that varies widely based on your home's size, the foundation's condition, the excavation depth, and waterproofing needs. A licensed contractor can provide a project specific estimate after an inspection.

Transforming your crawl space into a basement takes a few weeks to months, depending on the size of your home, the depth of excavation, and any foundation repairs or waterproofing needed. Permits and inspections might add extra time and effort.

Do You Want To Turn Your Crawl Space Into A Basement?

If so, it's time to get started. You must find a building crew with experience in this type of work, because it is not a DIY project. If you don't hire an experienced professional, you could end up with a basement that is not up to code and will not pass inspection.

At Epp Foundation Repair, we work on basement conversions and can guide you through the assessment and foundation work involved. Get in touch with us to start planning the basement you've envisioned.

French Drain Alternatives: 6 Smart Ways To Keep Water Away From Your Foundation

Dave Epp — Fri, 18 Oct 2024 00:00:00 GMT

When it comes to protecting your home from water damage, French drains are often the go-to solution. They're versatile and practical while being a low-maintenance choice for homeowners. But while French drains are popular, they're not the only option.

This post will explore some of the best French drain alternatives, helping you choose the right solution for your home. Whether you're dealing with soggy lawns, basement leaks, or water pooling near your foundation, there's an option that's just right for you.

What Is A French Drain?

A french drain is a simple yet effective drainage system that redirects water away from an area, typically to prevent flooding or water damage. French drains are often installed around the perimeter of a house to prevent water from seeping into the basement or crawl space. They can also be used in yards that tend to flood or collect standing water, helping to keep the lawn dry and protecting driveways.

How do you know if you have one? If you have a French drain, you might see a trench filled with gravel or decorative stones around your home, yard, or driveway. However, sometimes this gravel-lined trench containing a drainage pipe is buried at the level of the footing. You may also see a perforated grate, drain cover, or a slight slope in your yard.

How A French Drain Works

A French drain consists of a trench filled with gravel or rock and a perforated pipe at the bottom. The trench is typically sloped to ensure water flows away from the area you're trying to protect. When water accumulates on the surface, it seeps into the trench and through the gravel or rock. The perforated pipe collects the water and channels it away from the area, usually towards a drainage system, a dry well, or a lower point in the yard where it can safely disperse. A detailed look at how french drains work can help you decide if this traditional method is sufficient for your yard's needs.

Why Are French Drains A Popular Choice?

Prevents Water Damage and Soil Erosion: French drains are highly effective at directing water away from foundations, basements, and other vulnerable areas, helping to avoid costly water damage.
Multiple Applications: French drains can be used in various situations and are effective in different soil types, though they may require slight adjustments depending on the soil's permeability.
Mostly Underground: Once installed, a French drain is largely hidden from view, with only the gravel or a small grate visible at the surface. This makes it a hidden option for managing water.
Minimal Upkeep and Installation Cost: French drains require minimal maintenance when properly installed. They usually need occasional cleaning to remove debris from the inlet or the pipe to keep them functioning well.
Durability: A well-installed French drain can last many years, providing reliable water management with little need for repairs or replacement.

Six French Drain Alternatives

While effective, French drains can be complex to install and maintain and may not always be the best fit for every property. Let's review six French drain alternatives that can help you keep your home and landscape dry, protect your foundation, and enhance your outdoor space.

Swales: A Natural Solution

Swales are shallow, sloped ditches that direct water away from specific areas, such as your home's foundation. They're a great option if you're looking for a more natural, eco-friendly alternative to French drains.

A swale is typically lined with grass or vegetation that helps slow down and absorb water. As water flows through the swale, it's gradually absorbed by the soil, reducing runoff and erosion.

Once established, swales require minimal upkeep and are integrated seamlessly into landscaping, adding function and beauty. Swales help recharge groundwater and reduce the impact of stormwater runoff on local waterways. Swales work best on properties with gentle slopes. Swales won't be your answer if your property is steep or flat.

Dry Wells: An Underground Solution

Dry wells are another effective alternative to French drains, particularly for properties with poor drainage. A dry well is essentially an underground chamber that collects and temporarily stores runoff water, allowing it to seep into the surrounding soil gradually.

Water from gutters, downspouts, or other sources is directed into the dry well, where it slowly percolates into the ground. This prevents water from pooling on the surface and helps protect your foundation.

Dry wells are buried underground, so they don't occupy your yard and are particularly useful in areas that experience heavy rainfall or flash flooding. Because they're underground, dry wells don't interfere with landscaping or outdoor activities. Installation can be labor-intensive, particularly in rocky or compacted soil areas, so proper design and sizing are crucial to prevent overflow during heavy rains.

Gravel Trenches: A Simplified Drainage System

Gravel trenches are a simpler version of the French drain. While they're less efficient, they can be a good option for less severe drainage issues.

Water is directed into a trench lined with landscape fabric and filled with gravel. The gravel allows water to flow through the trench and away from the problem area, while the fabric prevents soil from clogging the system.

Gravel trenches can be adapted to suit various drainage needs, from small garden beds to larger yard areas. They are less expensive to install than traditional French drains, and you can DIY a gravel trench with some essential tools and materials. However, they are less effective in areas with heavy clay soils or high groundwater levels, and regular maintenance is needed to keep the trench clear and functioning correctly. For heavier water flow, you might evaluate a catch basin vs french drain to see which manages surface runoff more effectively.

Rain Gardens: Combining Beauty With Functionality

Rain gardens are a beautiful and eco-friendly alternative to French drains. Strategically placed, they capture and absorb runoff, turning a drainage problem into a landscaping opportunity.

Rain gardens are shallow depressions planted with native plants and grasses that thrive in wet conditions. When it rains, water collects in the garden and slowly infiltrates the soil, reducing runoff and filtering pollutants. Rain gardens help reduce stormwater runoff, improve water quality, and support local wildlife. These gardens can complement your landscaping, adding beauty and biodiversity to your yard.

Another bonus: rain gardens require minimal upkeep beyond regular weeding and mulching. They require careful planning and design for proper drainage and plant selection. Rain gardens are best suited for areas with moderate to good soil permeability.

Surface Grading: Simple But Effective

Sometimes, the simplest solution is the best one. Surface grading involves reshaping the land around your home to direct water away from your foundation. While it might not be as sophisticated as other methods, surface grading is often the least expensive drainage solution.

Surface grading ensures water flows away from your foundation rather than pooling around it by sloping the ground away from your home. It can be done with soil, gravel, or a combination of materials. You only need soil and a shovel (or a professional with heavy equipment).

Proper grading can protect your home from water damage for years. Surface grading must be done carefully to ensure water flows away from your home and doesn't create new problems elsewhere. As the soil settles or erodes, you may need to have it repaired professionally.

Permeable Paving: A Modern Solution

If you want to upgrade your driveway, patio, or walkways, permeable paving might be the perfect French drain alternative. Permeable pavers are designed with gaps that allow water to flow into the ground below. A layer of gravel or other porous material underneath helps absorb and distribute the water, reducing the risk of flooding.

Available in various materials and styles, permeable paving provides a stable surface for walking or driving and helps manage stormwater. When installed correctly, permeable pavers are as durable as traditional paving materials. However, it can be more expensive to install than conventional paving. Regular maintenance is required to keep the gaps clear of debris and functioning properly.

Choosing The Right Alternative For Your Home

Whether you're dealing with a soggy lawn, basement flooding, or just looking for a fresh approach to drainage, these alternatives provide versatile and practical solutions to suit your specific situation. Homeowners struggling with water intrusion should explore all basement waterproofing options to ensure their below-grade living space remains dry. Here are a few things to consider:

What is your primary drainage issue? Whether it's basement leaks, yard flooding, or foundation protection, different solutions are better suited to different problems.

What is the slope and layout of your property? Some solutions, like swales and surface grading, are more effective on sloped properties, while others, like dry wells, work well on flat land.

What are your budget and maintenance preferences? Some options, like gravel trenches and surface grading, are more cost-effective and low-maintenance, while others, like rain gardens and permeable paving, require more investment and upkeep.

Epp Foundation Repair: Experts You Can Trust

For foundation repair in Nebraska, Kansas, Iowa, and Missouri, Epp Foundation Repair is the top choice for savvy homeowners. We always emphasize foundation drainage importance as the first line of defense against structural settling. Since 1994, we've been helping families like yours maintain a safe and healthy home. Get your free estimate today!

What Can I Use For DIY Crawl Space Vent Covers?

Dave Epp — Thu, 17 Oct 2024 00:00:00 GMT

Crawl spaces often attract unwanted visitors, moisture, and other problems. A well-constructed crawl space vent cover can mitigate many of these issues, but off-the-shelf solutions can be costly. This guide will take you through the materials, methods, and considerations for crafting DIY crawl space vent covers, ensuring your home remains secure, dry, and energy-efficient.

The Problem Of Open Crawl Space Vents

Historically, homes were built with crawl space vents to allow air to circulate under the house, preventing moisture accumulation that could lead to crawl space mold and wood rot. While this method sounds great in theory, it sometimes falls short in practice, especially in regions with high humidity or during colder months.

Moisture is the main enemy of any crawl space. It can seep in from the ground, condense on cool surfaces, and create an environment ripe for mold, mildew, and wood decay. Proper ventilation is supposed to mitigate this, but in humid climates, open vents can let in more moisture than they let out. Moreover, pests like rodents and insects can use these openings as entry points into your home, creating additional problems.

Given these challenges, covering the vents may be a solution.

Materials For DIY Crawl Space Vent Covers

Crafting your own crawl space vent covers starts with a smart choice of materials. They must ensure durability, effectiveness, and cost-efficiency. For a more comprehensive look at professional-grade options, you can review our crawl space vent covers overview to see what works best for various foundation types. Here's a breakdown of the most popular options.

Plywood

Plywood is a popular choice for many DIY enthusiasts due to its affordability and ease of use. It's sturdy enough to withstand external elements and can be easily cut to fit any vent size. For best results, use exterior-grade plywood, which is treated to resist moisture and decay. Consider also painting or sealing the plywood with a weather-resistant coating to enhance its durability.

Foam Insulation Board

If you live in colder climates, consider foam insulation board. It's an excellent material for creating vent covers that help maintain a stable temperature in the crawl space: lightweight, easy to cut, and provides reliable protection against cold air.

A common method is to cut the foam board to fit snugly inside the vent opening, securing it in place with adhesive or brackets. For a more permanent solution, consider framing the foam board with plywood or metal, which will provide additional protection against the elements.

Magnetic Covers

Magnetic covers offer a convenient, reusable solution for metal vents. These covers can be easily applied and removed, making them ideal for seasonal adjustments.

The downside to magnetic covers is that they are only effective on metal surfaces and may not provide a perfect seal, particularly if the vent surface is uneven or rusted. They also offer minimal protection against pests. Nevertheless, for ease of use, they are hard to beat, particularly in regions with mild winters where extreme insulation isn't necessary.

Custom Fabricated Metal Covers

This is a more permanent and durable solution that can be designed to fit your specific vent dimensions. Custom-fabricated metal covers are typically made from aluminum or galvanized steel and designed with louvers or slats to allow air circulation.

While more expensive and labor-intensive to create, metal covers also require minimal maintenance and offer superior resistance to the elements and pests.

Wire Mesh

If you're only concerned with keeping pests out, wire mesh will prevent insects and small animals from entering the crawl space. The mesh should be fine enough to block even the smallest pests, so look for mesh with openings smaller than a quarter of an inch.

Stainless steel wire mesh is highly recommended due to its resistance to rust and corrosion, ensuring the vent cover's longevity. For added durability, you can frame the mesh with wood or metal to make installation easier and more secure.

Step-By-Step Guide To Building Your DIY Crawl Space Vent Cover

Creating your own crawl space vent cover can be a straightforward process if you follow these steps:

1. Measure Your Vent Openings

Start by measuring the dimensions of each vent opening to ensure that your cover fits snugly in order to provide the necessary protection. Use a tape measure to record the vent's height, width, and depth.

2. Select Your Materials

Choose the most appropriate materials based on your crawl space's needs and your local climate. Consider factors such as durability, ease of installation, and the specific challenges your crawl space faces, whether that's moisture, pests, or cold air.

3. Cut The Material To Size

Using your measurements, cut the chosen material to fit the vent openings. For plywood or foam board, a circular saw or utility knife will work well. For wire mesh, tin snips or a wire cutter will be necessary. Ensure the edges are smooth and even.

4. Assemble The Cover

If you're using multiple materials, such as a combination of plywood and mesh, now is the time to assemble the components. Secure the mesh to the plywood using screws or a staple gun, and tightly seal all joints to prevent gaps. You can also apply a weatherproof sealant around the edges for added protection.

5. Install The Cover

Finally, position the cover over the vent opening and secure it in place. This can be done using screws, brackets, or adhesive, depending on the material and the design of the vent. Ensure the cover is firmly attached and check for any gaps or loose areas that might allow pests or moisture to enter. Following established crawl space moisture control tips alongside your installation will help maintain a dry environment beneath your home.

Seasonal Considerations And Maintenance

While your DIY crawl space vent covers will provide effective protection, they are not a set-it-and-forget-it solution. Regular maintenance and seasonal adjustments will ensure their ongoing effectiveness.

Winterization

In colder climates, you need to block out cold air to prevent pipes from freezing and maintain a stable temperature in the crawl space, which is also what ends cold floors in the rooms above. This may require temporarily sealing vents with foam insulation boards or magnetic covers during winter. Be sure to check the seals periodically to ensure they remain tight.

Summer Ventilation

During the warmer months, ventilation becomes more critical to prevent moisture buildup. Consider removing or adjusting covers that were sealed during the winter to allow for better airflow. If you previously used foam boards or magnetic covers, you can easily remove or replace them with mesh covers.

Routine Inspections

Inspect your vent covers at least twice a year, once in the spring and once in the fall. Check for any signs of wear, damage, or gaps that could compromise their effectiveness. Pay particular attention to signs of pest entry or moisture accumulation, and address any issues immediately to prevent more significant problems.

When To Consider Professional Help

If you're dealing with severe moisture issues, persistent pest problems, or structural concerns within your crawl space, it's wise to consult with a professional.

At Epp, we offer professional crawl space waterproofing services based on years of expertise. Our team will assess the situation and offer tailored solutions that go beyond what DIY covers can provide. Many homeowners find that the long-term crawl space encapsulation benefits, such as lower energy bills and improved air quality, far outweigh the initial investment in a professional system. Based on your specific needs and budget, we might recommend additional measures such as sealed vapor barriers, sump pumps, or dehumidifiers to further protect your crawl space from moisture and mold.

If you're ready to take the next step in securing your home, contact us today to request a quote for professional crawl space waterproofing services. Our team is here to help!

When Should I Be Worried About Cracks In Brick?

Dave Epp — Tue, 15 Oct 2024 00:00:00 GMT

Brick houses have long been admired for their classic beauty and durability. However, like all building materials, bricks are not immune to wear and tear. One common issue that homeowners face is cracking in the brickwork.

Don't Overlook Cracks In Your Brick

Cracks in your brick house are more than just unsightly; they can signal serious underlying issues that, if ignored, may lead to costly repairs and compromise the structural integrity of your property. It's crucial to recognize when cracks in your brick house warrant concern to ensure the safety and value of your home.

In this guide, we will explore the most common types of brick cracks, delve into their root causes, and offer advice on how to assess their severity. This knowledge will empower you to decide when it's time to seek professional assistance.

Types Of Cracks In Brick

When assessing the cracks in your brick house, the first step is to identify both the type and severity of the cracks present. Distinguishing between structural vs cosmetic brick cracks is essential for determining if you need a simple patch or a major foundation repair. Each type of crack reveals a different underlying issue, while the severity can offer insights into whether the problem is ongoing or simply a result of normal settling.

Horizontal Cracks

Horizontal cracks often appear in the mortar joints between bricks. These cracks are most commonly associated with lateral soil pressure against the wall, though thermal expansion or issues with the construction process can also play a part. While they are often minor, horizontal cracks can be a sign of significant stress on your home's structure.

Vertical Cracks

Vertical cracks typically run straight up and down the brickwork. These are usually less concerning unless they are wide, exceed 1/10 inch in width, or are accompanied by other signs of structural damage, such as bowing walls or doors and windows that stick. Vertical cracks can result from natural settling or minor shifting in the foundation, but if they appear suddenly or worsen over time, it's important to consult a professional to assess the situation.

Diagonal Cracks

Diagonal cracks in structures are often more concerning than their horizontal or vertical counterparts. These cracks typically indicate uneven settling or shifting of the foundation, which can pose significant risks to a building's integrity. If left unaddressed, these issues can escalate into serious structural problems, potentially compromising the safety and stability of the entire structure.

Stair-Step Cracks

Stair-step cracks are characterized by their distinctive step-like pattern, typically following the mortar joints. These cracks often emerge in the corners of your house and are the pattern most commonly tied to foundation settlement. Monitoring these specific patterns alongside other signs of foundation movement will give you a clearer picture of your home's health. Although small stair-step cracks may not warrant immediate concern, it is essential to monitor them closely.

Signs Of Serious Damage

As mentioned, there are some clear signs when cracks in brick point to a serious foundation issue. While assessing cracks in your brick walls to determine severity, look for cracks that worsen over time, cracks that start small and get wider as they progress across or between bricks, and signs of foundation damage in other areas of the house.

Determining The Level Of Severity

Minor Cracks (narrower than 1/10 inch): These are typically superficial and may result from normal settling or thermal expansion. While they should be monitored, they usually do not indicate serious structural problems.
Cracks 1/10 inch or wider: A crack this wide suggests some level of structural movement and is the point at which the crack needs attention. A foundation repair specialist can assess the situation and recommend repairs.
Wide or widening horizontal cracks: Large horizontal cracks are a strong indicator of lateral soil pressure or other significant structural issues. A professional assessment is the next step so the cause can be addressed before further damage occurs.

Interior Signs Of Foundation Damage

Cracks in Walls: Look for cracks, especially around door frames and windows. These can indicate that the foundation is shifting, which may lead to more serious structural problems. Pay attention to both horizontal and vertical cracks, as their patterns can provide clues about the underlying issues.

Uneven Floors: If you notice sloping or uneven floors, it may signal foundation issues. This can affect the overall stability of the house. Additionally, check for gaps between the floor and baseboards, as these can also be signs of shifting foundations.

Doors and Windows Sticking: If doors and windows are difficult to open or close, it may be due to a settling foundation. Look for signs of misalignment, as this can indicate larger structural concerns.

Wall Bulging: Watch for any bulging walls, especially in basements or exterior walls. This may suggest a buildup of pressure or moisture, which could compromise the integrity of the structure.

Water Damage: Inspect for signs of water damage or pooling in the basement or crawl spaces. Excess moisture can weaken foundations over time and lead to more severe issues if not addressed promptly.

Exterior Signs Of Foundation Damage

Large, Deep, or Widening Cracks: Inspect the brickwork thoroughly. Large or deep cracks may indicate improper settling or significant stress on the structure. While brick is a primary focus, you should also be aware of how cracked stucco and foundation issues can overlap if your home has mixed exterior finishes. It's crucial to monitor these cracks regularly, as they can worsen over time and potentially lead to more serious issues if left unaddressed.

Cracks at Corners: Pay particular attention to the corners of the house, where cracks are more prone to develop. These may signal structural weaknesses or a shifting foundation. Use a level to check for misalignment in doors and windows, as this can also point to foundation problems.

Drainage: Check the gutters and downspouts for any signs of clogging or damage. Proper drainage is essential for maintaining a stable foundation, as excess water can cause soil shifts and erosion.

Sagging Roofline: Look at the roofline from a distance to see if it appears straight. Any significant sagging may suggest problems with the foundation or structure.

Foundation Repair Options

If your foundation repair contractor identifies that cracks in your brick require specialized attention, there are various services available to address the underlying issues. The appropriate solution depends on the severity and cause of the cracks.

For minor cracks, a mason can repoint the mortar joints to reinforce them and keep water out. For more severe damage, methods such as underpinning or wall anchors may be necessary to stabilize the foundation. Each situation is unique, so a thorough assessment is essential to determine the most effective approach for repair.

Underpinning With Push Piers And Helical Piers

The installation of push piers or helical piers is another effective solution for stabilizing a home's foundation. The process begins with a thorough inspection to identify the specific areas requiring support.

Once assessed, specialized equipment is used to install piers into the ground. These piers are essentially steel shafts that help anchor the foundation securely. They are driven deep into the soil until they reach bedrock or stable soil. After installation, hydraulic pressure is applied to each pier in an attempt to lift the foundation back toward level. Stabilization is the goal of the work; lift is attempted where the conditions allow it.

This process reinforces the foundation and minimizes movement, significantly reducing the risk of future damage caused by settling or shifting soil.

Wall Anchors (Tiebacks)

Wall anchors, also known as tiebacks, are an effective method for reinforcing foundation walls that may be bowing or tilting due to soil pressure or moisture issues.

The process involves drilling holes through the foundation wall and into the surrounding soil. Steel rods or anchors are then inserted through these holes, extending into the earth beyond the wall. The anchors are tightened to create tension, which helps stabilize the wall and prevent further movement. This method is particularly useful for stabilizing a home's foundation walls when they begin to show signs of distress.

Wall anchors distribute the pressure exerted by the surrounding soil, providing long-lasting support and peace of mind for homeowners.

Preventative Maintenance

Once you have repaired the underlying cause of your cracked brickwork, it is important to follow up with some routine preventative maintenance steps.

Consider the following to maintain a healthy and stable foundation:

Regular Inspections: Inspect your brickwork at least twice a year to catch potential new issues early, especially in areas where cracks have appeared.
Proper Drainage: Ensure gutters and downspouts are functioning correctly and direct water away from the foundation to prevent water intrusion.
Environmental Considerations: Be aware of local weather conditions, such as heavy rain, freezing temperatures, and high humidity, which can cause brick cracking.

Final Thoughts

In summary, maintaining the integrity of your home's foundation is crucial for both its structural stability and your peace of mind. By understanding the causes of brickwork damage and implementing preventative measures, you can safeguard your property against costly repairs down the line. If you are experiencing issues with your foundation or need advice on effective solutions like wall anchors, don't hesitate to reach out for professional assistance. Our foundation inspection services are designed to give you an honest look at your home's structural condition and a Customized Repair Estimate based on what we find.

For expert guidance and effective solutions, contact Epp Foundation Repair today for a comprehensive assessment and estimate to explore how we can help you protect your investment and ensure your home remains a safe haven. We serve areas in Nebraska, Iowa, Kansas, and Missouri.

Difference Between Floating And Monolithic Slab Foundations

Dave Epp — Mon, 14 Oct 2024 00:00:00 GMT

Foundations are the bedrock of any structure, ensuring its stability, durability, and overall structural integrity. Among the various types of foundations available, monolithic and floating slab foundations are common choices that homeowners and builders often consider. But what exactly sets these two foundations apart?

This blog post outlines each foundation type's characteristics, advantages, potential drawbacks, and foundation repair options. So, keep reading to learn more.

What Is The Difference Between A Monolithic Slab Foundation And A Floating Slab Foundation?

What Is A Monolithic Slab Foundation?

A monolithic slab foundation, also known as a monolithic pour, is a type of foundation poured all at once. This means the foundation and the footing (the base that supports the slab) are created in a single pour of concrete.

Building a monolithic slab foundation starts with getting the site ready. This means clearing away plants, debris, and the top layer of soil, then leveling the ground to make a stable base for the foundation.

Once the site is ready, workers set up boundary forms to shape the concrete. Trenches are dug within these forms for the footings, which are deeper and wider to give extra support. Next, steel rebar is added to strengthen the foundation. The rebar is placed in the trenches and across the main slab area.

Then, the concrete is poured all at once, filling the trenches and the slab area (around 6-8 inches thick). This creates a strong, unified structure. Mastering these slab foundation basics is important for homeowners to understand how their house distributes weight to the earth. Workers use tools to level and smooth the surface of the concrete.

The final step is curing the concrete. It is kept moist for about seven days or more to prevent cracking and ensure the foundation is strong and durable.

What Is A Floating Slab Foundation?

On the other hand, a floating slab foundation is a two-step process in which the slab is poured separately from the footing or does not have a footing at all. This means the slab essentially "floats" on top of the soil.

Building a floating slab foundation starts with site preparation. The area is cleared of plants, debris, and topsoil, and the ground is leveled. The soil is then compacted to create a solid base for the slab.

Next, formwork is set up to shape the slab. A vapor barrier and insulation are often placed to prevent moisture issues. Steel rebar or wire mesh is laid across the slab area for extra strength. Concrete is poured into the slab form. Workers then level and smooth the surface.

Finally, the slab is cured by keeping it moist for about seven days or more. This helps the slab set properly and reduces the risk of cracking from soil movement or freeze-thaw cycles.

Pros And Cons Of Monolithic Slab Foundations

Monolithic Slab Foundation Pros

Cost effective. Monolithic slab foundations are generally less expensive because they require fewer materials and less manpower than other foundations. Pouring the concrete in one go reduces labor and time costs.
Faster construction. Since the concrete is poured in a single continuous operation, the construction process is quicker, allowing for faster project completion. However, ground preparation may take a while.
More straightforward process. The monolithic slab's design is straightforward, making it easier to plan and execute, which can reduce the chances of errors during construction.
Structural integrity. The continuous pour creates a unified structure that can enhance structural integrity, reducing the likelihood of cracks and separations.

Monolithic Slab Foundation Cons

Ground preparation. Extensive site preparation ensures the ground is perfectly level, as any irregularities can affect the slab.
Limited adaptability. Monolithic slabs may not be suitable for areas with poor soil conditions, as they are more susceptible to cracking due to soil movement.
Less insulation. This type of foundation generally offers less insulation from the ground, which could lead to higher heating and cooling expenses in some climates.
Difficult repairs. If problems arise, such as plumbing or electrical issues under the slab, repairs can be challenging and costly because the entire slab may need to be broken apart.

Pros And Cons Of Floating Slab Foundations

Floating Slab Foundation Pros

Cost effective. Floating slab foundations are generally less expensive than traditional foundations because they require fewer materials and less excavation.
Adaptable to soil conditions. Ideal for sites with poor or unstable soil conditions where traditional foundations might not be feasible.
Minimizes frost heave. It is less likely to be affected by frost heave than deep foundations, as the slab is less anchored into the ground.
Simple construction. Easier and faster to construct, which can reduce labor costs and construction time.
Reduces settlement risk. As the slab floats above the soil and moves with it, this can reduce the risk of settlement.

Floating Slab Foundation Cons

Limited load-bearing capacity. Floating foundations may not be suitable for very heavy structures or areas with high loads, as they have a lower load-bearing capacity than other foundation types.
Potential for cracking. If not properly designed or constructed, floating slabs can be prone to cracking due to soil movement or freeze-thaw cycles.
Not suitable for all soil types. Floating slab foundations may not be appropriate for sites with highly expansive or compressible soils, which could affect the slab's stability.
Thermal insulation requirements. Additional insulation is often required to avoid heat loss or gain through the slab, which can add to the overall cost.

Factors To Consider When Choosing Between Monolithic And Floating Slab Foundations

When deciding between monolithic and floating foundations, consider these factors:

Soil Conditions

Monolithic slab foundation. This foundation is ideal for stable soil conditions. It provides a solid, continuous base that can handle various soil types but requires thorough site preparation. It is also stable and permanent and less likely to shift over time.
Floating slab foundation. These are better suited for poor or unstable soil conditions. The soil impact on slab foundations cannot be overstated, as expansive clay can exert different pressures on a floating slab versus a monolithic one, often requiring the slab to move with the ground. It is designed to move with the soil, reducing the risk of cracking due to soil movement, but it may require ongoing monitoring and maintenance.

Cost

Monolithic slab foundation. These are generally more expensive due to the need for extensive formwork and concrete pouring in a single process.
Floating slab foundation. These are typically more cost effective because they require fewer materials and less complicated construction.

Load-Bearing Requirements

Monolithic slab foundation. Offers greater load-bearing capacity and is suitable for heavy structures or areas with high loads.
Floating slab foundation. Limited load-bearing capacity, making it less ideal for heavy structures or high load conditions.

Design And Aesthetics

Monolithic slab foundation. This foundation, with its integrated slab and footing, allows for a wide range of architectural designs and finishes.
Floating slab foundation. This may limit design options due to its more straightforward construction and potential for visible changes in elevation.

Monolithic Vs. Floating Slab Repair

Is your home experiencing foundation problems? If you have a floating or monolithic slab foundation type, here is an overview of the possible repair processes:

Monolithic slab foundation repair. Due to its continuous design, repairing a monolithic slab can be challenging. Addressing cracks or settlement issues typically involves techniques such as epoxy injections for cracks, slab jacking, or foundation underpinning to help stabilize settled areas. The repair process is often complex, requiring professional expertise to avoid affecting the entire structure. This complexity generally results in higher repair costs, as extensive work may be needed to fix issues across the slab.
Floating slab foundation repair. In contrast, repairing a floating slab is generally more straightforward and less costly. Floating slabs are designed to move with the soil, so repairs usually focus on surface cracks, leveling the concrete, and ensuring that moisture barriers are intact. Techniques like crack filling and reinforcing the slab with additional mesh or rebar are standard. Because the floating slab design allows for more accessible and adaptable repairs, it typically involves less extensive work than monolithic slabs.

Contact Epp Foundation Repair for expert foundation repairs for monolithic or floating slabs. Knowing your concrete crack repair options early can prevent a small hairline crack from turning into a major structural issue. Our skilled team can evaluate your situation and provide practical solutions to help your foundation remain stable and durable.

What Is The Purpose Of A Sump Drain?

Dave Epp — Fri, 11 Oct 2024 00:00:00 GMT

A sump drain is essential in protecting your home from water damage, but many homeowners are unsure of its exact purpose. In this blog, we'll explore what a sump drain is, how it works, and why it plays a big role in keeping your home or property dry and safe.

What Is The Purpose Of A Sump Drain?

Flooding is one of the most frequent and expensive disasters in the United States. A sump drain, commonly associated with a sump pump system, is critical in preventing water accumulation in a building's basement or crawl space.

It's a strategically placed hole in your basement floor or crawl space to collect unnecessary water, redirecting it away from the structure's foundation to prevent flooding and water damage. From there, the sump pump activates to remove the water, pumping it away to a designated area, such as a storm sewer or a dry well. Incorporating proper basement waterproofing and drainage systems like sump drains ensures your home stays dry and protected.

Benefits Of A Sump Drain:

It Prevents Flooding: The primary benefit of a sump drain is its ability to prevent basement or ground-level flooding and keep your foundation dry, no matter the rain intensity or snow melting speed.
It Reduces Moisture and Humidity: A sump drain reduces moisture and humidity in your basement by eliminating excess water near the foundation and surrounding areas. You can consider it an ally that enhances the dryness and comfort of your living area.
It Prevents Mold and Mildew: High moisture levels can turn your home into an ideal environment for mold and mildew. We know they're notorious for triggering health concerns and damaging your property.
It Protects Structural Integrity: If water keeps pooling around your home's base, it could affect the structure and stability of the foundation. As highlighted earlier, the primary function of the sump drain system is to guard your building's structural integrity, preventing structural deterioration and potentially high repair costs.
It Increases Property Value: Investing in a sump drain system does more than just protect your home from water damage. It also becomes an attractive feature for potential buyers. Adding this system to your property can increase its market value and make it a wise financial move.
It Reduces Insurance Premiums: A sump drain system might help you save on your homeowner's premiums. Insurance companies often see homes with these systems as less of a risk for water damage, which could mean they'll offer you lower rates. It's a nice little bonus that comes with protecting your home.

How Does A Sump Pump Drainage System Work?

When water saturates the soil and accumulates under the foundation, the sump basin connected to pipes collects it. For a deeper look at the mechanics, understanding how sump pumps work will help you see why these machines are the heart of a dry basement. The float switch reacts once the basin gathers enough water, and the pump activates. The water is then forced upward through a discharge pipe safely away from your home to your area's drainage system. As the water level falls, the float switch will deactivate the pump.

Types Of Sump Pumps

Submersible Sump Pumps: Designed to operate underwater, they sit in the sump pit, where the water helps cool the motor and keep things quiet. This type outperforms other pumps in strength and noise reduction, and it is less likely to get clogged by debris. This type is ideal for homes that often get a lot of flooding.
Pedestal Sump Pumps: The pedestal sump pump's unique feature is its motor above the sump pit, which is less prone to water damage. Maintenance and repair are easier because the motor is accessible. This type is cheaper and suitable for smaller sump pits.
Battery-Operated Backup Sump Pumps: You can use this type as an independent or trusty backup for your main sump pump. The system will continue to pump water out when the primary pump fails or if there are power outages due to a storm. This type is essential if you live where storms frequently cause power outages.
Water-Powered Sump Pumps: As long as your home has a consistent water supply, it uses the pressure from your home's municipal water supply to pump water out of the sump pit. This backup system is helpful in areas with reliable water pressure, and where water issues rarely happen.
Combination Sump Pumps: These systems feature a primary electric pump paired with a battery-operated backup pump in one compact unit. The electric pump does the heavy lifting during normal conditions, while the battery backup takes over in case of power failure or when the primary pump malfunctions. This dual functionality is ideal for areas that experience heavy rainfall and frequent power outages. These pumps are often the final piece of a larger waterproofing plan; reviewing an interior drainage system overview can show you how water is funneled from the walls into the pump basin.

Signs Your Home Needs A Sump Drain

Basement Floods: If your basement often floods after rain or during snow melt, a sump drain could help.
Water Marks on Walls: If you see water stains on your basement walls, it means there's too much moisture in the area, and a sump drain could fix that.
Damp Basement: A sump drain could benefit you if your basement always feels damp or smells musty.
Flat or Low Area: If your home is in a flat area where water doesn't drain well, you might need a sump drain to keep the water away.
Cracks in Foundation: If your home's foundation has cracks, a sump drain can help prevent water from entering.
Wet Yard: If your yard stays moist for a long time after rain, your home might need a sump drain to help with drainage.
White Powder on Walls: If white, powdery efflorescence marks the walls of your basement, it indicates water seepage. Installing a sump drain can help eliminate this issue.
Mold or Mildew: If mold or mildew begins to form in your basement, it means there's too much moisture, which a sump drain can help reduce.

Cost Of Sump Drain Installation

The cost of installing a sump drain will depend on:

The type of pump you pick.
How complex it is to set up in your space.
Extra features (like a backup system for power outages).

How Long Do Sump Pumps Last

The service life of a sump pump varies widely depending on its type, usage, and maintenance. Following a consistent sump pump maintenance guide is the best way to ensure your equipment survives its full expected lifespan.

Here's a breakdown:

Submersible Sump Pumps: These pumps operate while submerged in water and typically last ten years. You can sometimes push that number even higher with the proper care and attention.
Pedestal Sump Pumps: With their motors out of the water, these pumps can last a long time, about 25 to 30 years with regular maintenance.
Battery-Operated Backup Sump Pumps: They are off less often, so they can last quite a while, but you must check the battery every 2 to 5 years to ensure everything is ready for action.
Water-Powered Sump Pumps: These pumps operate on your municipal water supply. They have minimal mechanical parts and can last for decades.
Combination Sump Pumps: The primary pump has a lifespan similar to submersible pumps, while the backup depends on battery life and maintenance.

Sump Pump Alternatives

When looking for other ways to manage crawl space or basement water issues without relying only on a sump pump, here are some alternative options we recommend. Homeowners should evaluate different basement waterproofing system options to see which configuration best suits their specific soil and foundation type.

Drain Tile System: The drain tile system involves a pipe with holes around the foundation footings or under the basement floor to catch water and minimize hydrostatic pressure and water ingress.
Basement Window Well: Made from metal, fiberglass, or brick, the window well is a barrier against rainwater and snow melt. It collects and diverts water away from your basement windows.
Yard Drainage: Good yard drainage includes solutions like French drains, grading, or even creating a dry creek bed, all of which aim to reroute water away from your home's foundation.
Downspout Extensions: Downspout extensions or gutter extensions channel the water flow to a suitable discharge area such as a garden, a rain barrel, or an area where the water won't cause any issues. Made from plastic or metal, this system is a quick and affordable way to reduce water issues.
Exterior Basement Waterproofing Membrane: Applying a waterproof coating or membrane to your basement's exterior walls establishes a defense against water intrusion.

Who To Call For Professional Sump Drain Services?

Dealing with water in your basement or crawl space can be frustrating, but Epp Foundation Repair is here to help. Our expertise lets us quickly identify the best drainage solution to eliminate your water problems and keep your home dry. Say goodbye to basement flooding and hello to peace of mind with our professional drainage services.

What Is A Rim Joist?

Dave Epp — Mon, 07 Oct 2024 00:00:00 GMT

It's easy to overlook the components that keep your home together, especially when they're out of sight. One such crucial component is the rim joist. Whether you're building a new home, retrofitting an old one, or simply curious about the inner workings of your living space, understanding rim joists can be invaluable.

This blog will explore rim joists, how they contribute to the stability and safety of your home, and the joist repair methods to perform when they are damaged.

What Is A Rim Joist?

When it comes to home construction, particularly at the foundation and framing level, the term "rim joist" frequently comes up. But what exactly is a rim joist, and why is it important?

A rim joist, also called a band joist, is a crucial component in the framing structure of a house. It forms the perimeter of the floor system and caps the ends of the floor joists. Essentially, it ties the joists together and helps distribute the structural load evenly. To understand how this fits into the rest of your home's lower framing, you can explore other crawl space structural components that work alongside the rim joist. Its primary function is to provide lateral support to the floor joists, maintaining the integrity and stability of the building.

Materials Used For Rim Joists

Rim joists can be made from several different types of materials:

Wood: Wood is a common material for rim joists. It's readily available and easy to work with but also susceptible to rot, pests, and moisture damage over time.
Engineered Wood Products: LVLs (Laminated Veneer Lumber) and I-joists are examples of engineered wood products often used for rim joists. These types of materials are stronger and more durable than traditional wood and are less prone to warping or splitting.
Steel: Steel rim joists are used in some modern constructions due to their superior strength and resistance to environmental factors. However, steel can be more expensive and requires special installation tools and skills.
Composite Materials: These are newer to the market and offer a blend of durability and rot resistance, but their long-term performance compared to traditional materials is still being evaluated.

Importance Of Well-Maintained Rim Joists

A well-maintained rim joist is essential for several reasons:

Structural Integrity: A properly functioning rim joist ensures the even distribution of weight and structural loads, which helps maintain your home's overall stability. Keeping your rim joists in good shape effectively supports the entire structure and prevents potential foundational issues.
Pest Prevention: Rotting or damaged rim joists can become an entry point for pests such as termites and rodents. These pests can cause further deterioration and significant damage to your home's wooden structures. Keeping your rim joists well-maintained helps in pest control by eliminating these vulnerable entry points and protecting your home from infestations.
Energy Efficiency: Cracks and gaps in or around rim joists can lead to air leaks, resulting in higher energy bills because of the loss of heated or cooled air. Ensuring that your rim joists are correctly insulated and maintained can significantly improve your home's energy efficiency, keeping it more comfortable and reducing utility costs.
Moisture Control: Rim joists in good condition help prevent moisture ingress, which is crucial in avoiding mold growth and further structural damage. If mold develops, moisture can weaken wooden structures and lead to health problems. Maintaining your rim joists helps safeguard against these moisture-related issues.

Signs There Might Be A Problem With Your Rim Joists

Detecting issues with your rim joists early can save you from extensive repairs and potential structural damage. Being aware of these crawl space repair warning signs can help you catch and address problems early:

Visible Rot or Mold: If you notice any rot or mold around the edges of your floor system, this is a clear sign that your rim joists may be compromised.
Pest Activity: An increase in pest sightings could indicate that there are entry points through damaged rim joists.
Sagging Floors: Uneven or sagging floor joists can be a symptom of deteriorating rim joists, as they are essential in supporting the floor structure.
Drafts and Cold Spots: Do you feel drafts or notice cold spots around the floor perimeter? This might be due to gaps or cracks in the rim joists.
Water Stains: Water stains on the crawl space, basement walls, or the area where the rim joist meets the foundation can signal moisture issues and potential rim joist problems. If these issues spread to the interior of the home, reviewing floor joist repair basics can help you determine the extent of the damage.
Energy Bills: A sudden unexplained increase in energy bills could result from poor insulation and air leakage through compromised rim joists.

The Basics Of Rim Joist Repair

Rim joists can suffer from various issues, including rot, pest damage, and moisture infiltration, and addressing these problems can prevent more extensive damage in the future.

When you hire a foundation repair expert, they might help with the following rim joist repair methods:

Sistering: Sistering involves placing a new, healthy joist alongside the damaged rim joist to share the load and provide additional support. The process includes measuring and cutting the new joist to the same length as the existing rim joist, then securing the new joist to the damaged one using screws or bolts. This repair method provides a quick and effective way to strengthen weakened sections without entirely removing the old joist.
Adding More Beams: Adding extra beams can reduce the load on the rim joists, redistributing the weight more evenly. To do this, install additional beams perpendicular to the rim joist under the affected area and secure them to the existing framework using metal brackets or heavy-duty screws. This helps in stabilizing the floor system and increases overall structural integrity.
Adding Brick or Concrete Columns: Installing brick or concrete columns underneath the beams can support the rim joist, particularly in areas where the floor feels spongy or sagging. To execute this, place new columns under the beams with adjustable brackets on top, ensuring the columns are plumb and secure properly. This offers a robust solution for substantially weakened or damaged joists.
Crawl Space Support Jacks: Crawl space support jacks can permanently stabilize and lift sagging floors due to weakened rim joists. These jacks are installed beneath the floor joists in the crawl space and can be altered to provide the necessary support. To install crawl space support jacks, place the jack posts strategically under the problem areas, adjust them to lift the joists back to their original position, and secure them to a stable base, such as a concrete footing. This offers a durable, long-term solution to prevent future sagging and structural issues.

If the damage is extensive or you are unsure about handling the repair yourself, consider consulting a professional. They can assess your foundation and provide expert guidance on rim joist repairs or replacements.

How To Keep Your Rim Joists Safe

Preventing rim joist damage is the best way to avoid costly repairs. Here are some ways to keep your rim joists safe:

Spray Foam Insulation: Spray foam is very effective for rim joists because it creates an airtight seal. Understanding rim joist insulation basics is the first step in deciding which material will best stop the drafts entering your basement or crawl space. It expands to fill gaps, providing excellent thermal insulation and acting as a moisture barrier. This prevents mold, rot, and air leaks, ensuring energy efficiency and structural strength.
Foam Board Insulation: Foam board insulation uses rigid panels with high thermal resistance and moisture protection. These panels are easy to cut and fit, helping to maintain stable temperatures and prevent condensation, thus preserving the integrity of the rim joists.
Fiberglass Insulation: Fiberglass insulation is a traditional and affordable method, using fine glass fibers to provide good thermal and sound insulation. It helps keep rim joists dry and reduces noise levels, offering a balance of effectiveness and ease of installation.
Crawl Space Encapsulation: Crawl space encapsulation seals the crawl space with a moisture barrier, preventing humidity and water damage. This method reduces the risk of wood rot, mold, and mildew and improves air quality and energy efficiency by maintaining a balanced indoor climate.

Need To Insulate Or Repair Your Rim Joists? Call Epp Foundation Repair!

For expert services in insulating or repairing your rim joists, trust Epp Foundation Repair. Our comprehensive crawl space insulation guide provides even more tips on keeping your foundation healthy and efficient. We specialize in ensuring your home is energy-efficient, moisture-resistant, and structurally sound. Reach out to us today for a professional assessment and top-notch service!

Slab vs. Crawl Space Foundations: Pros, Cons, and Repair

Dave Epp — Thu, 03 Oct 2024 00:00:00 GMT

When it comes to building or maintaining a home, the foundation is literally what everything rests upon. Among the most common types of foundations are slab and crawl space foundations, each with its own advantages and drawbacks.

In this blog, we will explore the pros and cons of both and discuss foundation repair options, helping you make an informed decision that best suits your needs.

Slab vs. Crawl Space Foundations: What's The Difference?

When constructing a new home or adding an extension, one of the key decisions you will face is choosing the type of foundation. Two popular options are slab foundations and crawl space foundations. While the engineer or architect has a say regarding the foundation choice, homeowners should understand the differences. Given the foundation inspection importance for any home purchase or renovation, knowing what lies beneath your floors is vital for protecting your investment.

So, what are the differences between slab and crawl space foundations?

What Are Slab Foundations?

A slab foundation is a single layer of thick concrete poured directly on the ground. This layer rests on a bed of crushed gravel to improve drainage. In a home with a slab foundation, the foundation also serves as the first floor.

Here are the various types of slab foundations.

Monolithic Slab: This type involves pouring the entire concrete slab in one go. It includes the perimeter footings, which are deeper and thicker, all poured at the same time.

T-Shaped Slab: Common in areas where the ground freezes, this type has footings placed below the frost line to prevent movement caused by frost heaves. The slab is then poured between the footings.

Floating Slab: Often used for garages and sheds, this type features a standard slab that rests on top of the ground without deep footings.

What Are Crawl Space Foundations?

Crawl space foundations are raised foundations that create a space, typically less than 5 feet high, between the ground and the home's first floor. You can access this space through small access doors. It can be used for housing plumbing, electrical wiring, and HVAC ducts.

Pros And Cons Of Slab Foundations

When choosing a foundation for your home, it is important to carefully evaluate each option's pros and cons. Slab foundations are a common choice, especially for residential buildings. Reviewing these slab foundation pros and cons can help you decide if a concrete base aligns with your long-term maintenance preferences and local climate. Here is a detailed look.

Slab Foundation Pros

Cost-Effective: Slab foundations generally pour concrete directly onto the ground, reducing labor and material costs. This straightforward design and construction approach helps lower the overall project expenses.
Low Maintenance: Since there are no crawl spaces or basements where pipes or wires can get damaged, slab foundations require fewer repairs and less general upkeep over time.
Stability: The large, continuous concrete mass offers excellent support and load distribution, making the foundation quite sturdy and less susceptible to settling issues.
Energy Efficient: A slab foundation does not have an open space underneath, which can help maintain consistent indoor temperatures. There are fewer drafts and better insulation than a crawl space, reducing heating and cooling costs.
Faster Construction: The construction process for slab foundations is often quicker because it involves fewer steps than other foundation types. This speed can be critical to completing the project on a tight schedule.

Slab Foundation Cons

Difficulty In Repairs: Plumbing and electrical lines are often embedded in or run through the slab. If these need repair, it involves breaking through the concrete, making any fixes disruptive and expensive.
Susceptible To Cracking: Changes in the soil beneath the slab can lead to cracking over time. While minor cracks can be superficial, significant cracks may require extensive repairs.
Limited Access: Because there is no space under the slab, you cannot easily access or modify plumbing, electrical, or HVAC systems. Any necessary changes are more invasive and complicated.
Insufficient For Some Terrain: In areas with heavy frost, seismic activity, or unstable soil conditions, slab foundations can be problematic. Frost heave and ground movement can damage the integrity of the slab.
Lack Of Storage: Unlike a crawl space or basement, slab foundations offer no additional room for storage. This can be a drawback for homeowners needing extra space for seasonal decorations, tools, and more.

Pros And Cons Of Crawl Space Foundations

Crawl space foundations are popular due to their cost-effectiveness and practical benefits but also have certain challenges. Below is an in-depth look at the pros and cons of crawl space foundations to help you make an informed decision.

Pros Of Crawl Space Foundations

Lower Construction Costs: Building a crawl space foundation often costs less than constructing a full basement.
Easy Access To Utilities: Crawl spaces provide a convenient space for installing and maintaining essential home systems like plumbing, electrical wiring, and HVAC. This can save you time and money on repairs and upgrades.
Easier Pest Control: The crawl space allows for easier inspection and treatment, simplifying managing and preventing pest infestations.
Potential Energy Efficiency: Crawl spaces provide a buffer between the living area and the ground. This buffer enhances energy efficiency by minimizing the need for excessive heating or cooling, particularly when paired with adequate insulation.
Flood Protection: Raising the home off the ground helps reduce the risk of flood damage, particularly in regions susceptible to flooding or heavy rainfall.
Additional Storage: While not suitable for all items, crawl spaces can offer extra storage for seasonal decorations, tools, and other less frequently used belongings, helping to declutter the living areas.

Cons Of Crawl Space Foundations

Moisture Buildup: Without proper ventilation and waterproofing, crawl spaces can trap moisture, leading to problems such as mold, mildew, and wood rot.
Potential Shelter For Pests: If not adequately sealed, crawl spaces can attract rodents, insects, and other pests looking for shelter and warmth, necessitating regular inspections and treatments.
Limited Access: Crawl spaces often have restricted headroom, making it difficult and uncomfortable for homeowners or professionals to conduct repairs and maintenance.
Potential Heat Loss: If not properly insulated, crawl spaces can lead to significant energy loss, increasing heating and cooling costs.
Additional Insulation Costs: Effective crawl space insulation requires investment in quality materials and proper installation techniques.
Humidity Control: Managing humidity levels requires additional measures, such as crawl space vapor barriers, dehumidifiers, and adequate drainage systems. Mastering crawl space repair fundamentals is the best way to ensure this area stays dry and structurally sound for the life of the home.

How To Repair A Slab Foundation

Two standard slab foundation repair methods are push piers and helical piers.

Here is how each method works.

Push Piers: Push piers involve driving steel piers deep down into the ground until they reach stable soil or bedrock. The process uses the structure's weight to help push the piers into the ground. Once the piers hit stable layers, hydraulic jacks stabilize the foundation as close to its original level as possible. The soil is then backfilled, and the site is cleaned up.
Helical Piers: Helical piers work by twisting large, screw-like steel shafts with helical plates deep down into the ground until they reach stable soil or bedrock. These piers are installed using hydraulic torque motors and are monitored for adequate depth and stability. After installation, the foundation is stabilized using hydraulic jacks. Once in place, the brackets are permanently fixed, the excavated soil is backfilled, and the site is restored.

How To Repair A Crawl Space Foundation

Repairing a crawl space foundation is essential for maintaining a home's structural integrity and overall health. Two popular methods for addressing this are crawl space support jacks and encapsulation.

Here is a detailed look at how each technique functions.

Crawl Space Support Jacks: Steel support jacks stabilize sagging floors and beams. The process involves preparing the site, installing concrete footings, placing steel support jacks on these footings, and then adjusting the jacks to bring the sagging areas as close to their original position as possible. Finally, the jacks are permanently secured to ensure ongoing support and stability.
Crawl Space Encapsulation: Sealing the crawl space prevents moisture infiltration. The method includes inspecting and cleaning the space, installing a heavy-duty plastic vapor barrier on walls and floors, adding insulation for energy efficiency, and installing a dehumidifier to maintain low humidity.

Who Can Repair Your Slab Or Crawl Space Foundation?

Epp Foundation Repair is your go-to expert if you are dealing with slab or crawl space foundation problems. We understand the local soil impact on foundation choice and can help you navigate the specific repairs required for the unique clay found throughout our service area. With decades of experience and a dedication to quality, Epp Foundation Repair is the trusted foundation repair company serving Lincoln, Omaha, Grand Island, Kearney, and the surrounding areas.

Do not wait for the damage to worsen. Contact Epp Foundation Repair now for a free foundation inspection and repair estimate.

How To Install Drainage Around A Patio To Avoid Standing Water

Dave Epp — Thu, 12 Sep 2024 00:00:00 GMT

Does your patio have standing water? If so, you may need to install drainage to control it. In this article, we will discuss how to install drainage around this space and avoid water problems on your property.

Why Does Water Pool On Your Patio?

Water pooling on your patio is not only unsightly but can also damage your home and undermine your basement waterproofing systems. But why does water pool on your patio in the first place?

There are several reasons why water may pool on your patio, including:

Poor Slope

Patios should have a slight slope away from the house, typically around 1-2% or a slope of 1/8 up to 1/4 inch per foot, to facilitate water runoff. If the patio is completely flat or slopes towards your home, water will tend to pool rather than drain away correctly. This can cause stagnant water in specific areas, especially during heavy rain or melting snow.

You may need to level the concrete to ensure it slopes away from the house. This can involve adding a topping material like gravel or creating a slight incline to direct water flow away from problematic areas.

Poor Soil Drainage

Soil with poor drainage properties, such as clay, can hinder water absorption, causing it to pool on your patio. This issue tends to worsen during heavy rainfall.

Gutter And Downspout Runoff

Gutters and downspout extensions channel rainwater from your roof and guide it away from the foundation. However, if these systems are not adequately managed, they can inadvertently cause water to accumulate on your patio.

When downspouts discharge water directly onto the patio surface, rather than redirecting it further away, the excess water can pool and create standing water issues. Learning how to keep water away from foundations through proper downspout management is essential for a dry exterior.
Sometimes, downspouts become disconnected or damaged, causing water to flow in unintended directions, including onto the patio.
Downspouts without adequate extensions may release water too close to the house, leading to pooling on the patio and potential damage to the foundation.

Clogged Drainage System

Debris, such as leaves, soil, or twigs, can accumulate in drainage channels, eavestroughs, and gutters, blocking the water flow. When these channels are clogged, water is prevented from draining away efficiently, leading to pooling issues on your patio. This obstruction can occur due to seasonal changes, wind, and general outdoor activity, resulting in a buildup restricting water passage.

Regular maintenance is critical. Clean out gutters, downspouts, and drainage channels frequently. Installing gutter guards can help minimize debris accumulation.

Impermeable Materials

Impermeable materials do not easily allow water to pass through them. Examples include non-porous stones, asphalt, certain types of tiles, and sometimes concrete. These materials are commonly used in constructing patios, driveways, and other hardscapes.

Unlike porous materials, which absorb and allow water to seep through them into the ground below, impermeable materials create a solid barrier that prevents water infiltration. As a result, rainwater or any other form of water will stay on the surface until it is either drained away or evaporates.

Underground Issues

A high water table can cause water to pool on the surface, particularly during periods of high rainfall. This underground issue can prevent water from draining away properly.

When an underground spring is present near or beneath your patio, it continuously supplies water to the surface or the surrounding soil. Unlike surface water from rain, an underground spring maintains a consistent flow of water, which can exacerbate water pooling issues in areas like patios.

Sump Pump Discharge

Sump pumps are commonly installed in the lowest part of your basement or crawlspace to help prevent flooding by pumping out accumulated water. Sump pumps collect water in a sump basin and discharge it away from the home and its foundation. However, if the discharge is not managed correctly, it can create additional water pooling issues.

If the discharge point is too close to your patio or the home's foundation, the water can flow back toward these areas, leading to pooling and potential water damage.

What Issues Does Pooling Water Create?

Pooling water around your patio, foundation, or other areas of your property can cause various problems.

Here are some critical issues linked to water pooling:

Foundation Damage: Prolonged water exposure can weaken your home's foundation, leading to cracks and potential structural instability.
Patio Damage: Constant moisture can lead to the degradation of patio materials, causing cracks, warping, and discoloration. Freeze-thaw cycles can further damage paved or concrete surfaces as the water expands when it freezes.
Basement Flooding: Pooling water can seep through foundation cracks or porous basement walls, leading to basement flooding. Even minor seepage can result in persistent dampness, promoting mold growth and compromising your home's indoor air quality.
Sump Pump Overload: Continuous pooling water can overload the sump pump system, leading to potential failures and subsequent basement flooding. Regular maintenance and correctly installed discharge systems are crucial to prevent such issues.
Soil Erosion: Pooling water can erode the soil around the patio and foundation, destabilizing the ground and leading to uneven surfaces. Erosion can also affect landscaping features, leading to the loss of plants and soil nutrients.
Saturated Soil: Excessive water can oversaturate soil, weakening its structure and making it more prone to erosion and subsidence. Saturated soil can impede plant growth, leading to unhealthy lawns and garden beds.

How To Install Drainage Around A Patio To Avoid Standing Water

As discussed above, standing water can damage your patio and foundation. Installing drainage around the patio is the best way to prevent these issues.

Here are some steps you can take to ensure that water drains out properly from your property:

Determine The Source Of The Water Problem And Fix It First

Before implementing any drainage solutions, identify the source of the water problem first. It could be poor grading, a leaking gutter, or other issues. Fixing the source will make the overall drainage system more effective.

Solution 1: Install A French Drain

A French drain is a trench designed to redirect surface water and groundwater away from specific areas, such as a house's foundation or a waterlogged patio or yard. When deciding on catch basin vs french drain systems, consider whether you are fighting surface puddles or saturated soil. Its primary components include a trench lined with landscape fabric, a perforated pipe, and gravel.

How to Install:

Trench Excavation: A shallow trench is dug in the problem area where water pools.
Lining with Fabric: The trench is lined with a water-permeable landscape fabric. This fabric helps prevent soil and debris from entering the pipe.
Installing the Perforated Pipe: A perforated pipe is placed at the bottom of the trench. This pipe collects and channels excess water.
Adding Gravel: The pipe is covered with several layers of gravel or stone. The gravel lining allows water to flow into the pipe while providing structural stability.
Backfilling: Once the gravel is in place, the trench is covered with soil and topped with sod or other surface materials.

Solution 2: A Dry Well

Drywells are underground structures designed to temporarily store excess water and allow it to percolate slowly into the surrounding soil.

How to Install:

Choosing a Location: A suitable location is chosen away from the property for digging the dry well.
Excavating a Hole: A large hole houses the dry well.
Lining the Hole: The hole may be lined with a fabric to prevent soil from entering the dry well.
Installing the Drywell Unit: A prefabricated dry well unit or a gravel-filled hole is placed inside the excavation.
Creating Inflow Points: Inlet points or pipes direct excess water from the patio into the dry well.
Filling and Covering: After the dry well is installed, the remaining space around it is filled with gravel or soil, and the area is covered as needed.

Solution 3: A Swale Or Terracing

Apart from French drains and dry wells, you can also install swales and terracing on your patio.

Swales: A swale is a shallow, sloped ditch lined with grass or other vegetation to slow the movement of water, allowing it to be absorbed into the ground rather than running off immediately.
Terracing: Terracing involves building a series of stepped levels on a slope, often held in place by walls or layers of soil and vegetation. This technique breaks a slope into multiple flat areas, decreasing the water flow velocity and promoting absorption.

Leave It Up To The Pros

Epp Foundation Repair offers basement waterproofing and drainage solutions to control home water issues. While DIY drainage systems can be fun and rewarding, they can also be tedious and costly if not done correctly. If you're unsure what type of drainage system is best for your home or how to install it, contact Epp Foundation Repair today!

What Is The Difference Between Control And Expansion Joints In Concrete?

Dave Epp — Fri, 06 Sep 2024 00:00:00 GMT

Control and expansion joints are more than just lines in your pavement; they help prevent unsightly and possibly damaging cracks. Though both control and expansion joints in concrete are vital for durability, they serve distinct roles.

Understanding Control Joints In Concrete

When laying concrete for projects like sidewalks, driveways, or patios, experts strategically place control joints in concrete to guide any possible cracking.

Control joints ensure the concrete handles temperature changes and drying without compromising the aesthetics or structural integrity. This is a proactive measure that keeps the concrete safe from cracks and extends the concrete's lifespan by effectively managing stress points. These steps are fundamental to concrete cracking prevention in areas prone to heavy foot traffic or vehicle weight.

Control joints are a critical part of concrete installation, and their effectiveness hinges on their proper depth and spacing.

Top 3 Benefits Of Control Joints In Concrete

Prevent random cracking. Control joints help avoid cracks in concrete. Experts predetermine the slab's weakest points, and the control joints encourage cracks to form in these areas rather than randomly across the surface.
Enhance durability. As the concrete hardens and dries, it naturally shrinks, leading to tension that causes cracking. Control joints also boost the durability of the concrete by managing internal stresses caused by temperature changes and shrinkage.
Budget-friendly maintenance. Include control joints in concrete installation to reduce maintenance costs over time. Since control joints help to manage and minimize cracking, you won't have to deal with frequent repairs and costly maintenance. If joints are missing, homeowners often have to resort to concrete driveway crack repair to stop water from reaching the subgrade and causing further settlement.

Understanding Expansion Joints In Concrete

Gaps intentionally created in concrete structures and then filled with a flexible material that absorbs the concrete's movement are called "expansion joints."

Expansion joints allow the concrete to expand and contract without causing damage or stress to the concrete itself or the surrounding structures. This is especially important for driveways connected to public roads, where a failing expansion joint lets the thermal movement of shifting pavement push against your garage and foundation.

What Are The Differences Between Control Joints And Expansion Joints?

Control and expansion joints are essential for keeping things intact, whether dealing with a personal driveway or a major highway. Here's a full breakdown of how these joint types differ and why both are useful.

Differences In Purpose And Function

Control joints are "planned points" where the concrete is expected to crack as it cures and reacts to changes in temperature. The idea is to control where the cracks happen, preventing them from randomly marring the surface and weakening the structure.

Expansion joints tackle the problem of expansion and contraction of concrete. Expansion joints are created to absorb the pressure that builds up when the concrete expands. They prevent the pressure from pushing aggressively against anything nearby, such as other slabs, possibly causing damage.

Differences In Placement

Experts place control joints into the concrete at carefully calculated intervals, while expansion joints are placed between different sections of concrete or where the concrete meets another structure.

Different Materials Used

For control joints, some experts include materials like plastic strips to act as pre-planned weak spots. Expansion joints contain compressible and flexible fillers such as rubber.

Which Is Better: Control Joints Or Expansion Joints?

Choosing between control joints and expansion joints isn't about which one is better. It's about your project's needs and goals. Control joints are used in smaller projects, such as residential floors or sidewalks, where the main concerns are managing concrete shrinkage and minor temperature shifts.

Expansion joints tackle movement on a larger scale. They're essential for immense structures like roadways and bridges where the temperature changes can cause significant expansion and contraction of concrete.

Each joint type is critical in ensuring that whatever you build stands the test of time.

Best Practices For Concrete Joint Placement

Do you want to place concrete joints in concrete, but you're unsure where to start? Discuss your needs and project goals with a professional. A professional foundation contractor can help you reach your goals faster, with enduring results and precision. Here is a closer look at the best practices for concrete joint placement.

Plan The Joint Layout Early

Begin planning the joint layout during the initial design phase of your project. This will ensure the joint placement is integrated into the overall structure and aesthetic plans. Consider the dimensions of the concrete area, the environmental conditions, and the expected load.

Choose The Proper Joint Type

Decide whether expansion joints, control joints, or both are necessary for your project. Remember, you would use control joints to manage shrinkage cracking and expansion joints for different parts of the structure where movement or expansion may happen.

Determine Proper Spacing And Depth

Consider the spacing and depth of expansion and control joints in concrete to ensure maximum efficacy. We suggest consulting with a professional foundation repair service for the most accurate information based on your project's needs.

Use The Best Materials

If you're using expansion joints, you'll want to consider sturdy materials such as rubber and asphalt-impregnated fiber strips. Pre-molded joint fillers are also an excellent option.

It's All About Timely Execution

If you're using control joints, the cutting time is crucial. Cut the joints as soon as the concrete has set enough but before it becomes too hard to cut. Typically, cutting the joints within the first 6 to 18 hours after pouring is best. Finally, maintain the joints by ensuring they are adequately sealed and debris-free.

FAQ

What Should I Consider When Installing Expansion Joints?

Before installing expansion joints, consider these four factors: location, materials used, spacing, and integration with building design. Always place expansion joints where you expect movement between separate parts of a structure.

Use flexible and durable materials to accommodate expansion and contraction without loss of cohesion.

Can You Have Too Many Joints In Concrete?

Yes, you can have too many joints in concrete. Using more than necessary can backfire. If you go overboard and segment the concrete excessively with joints, you may compromise its overall strength.

Try to find a balance: enough joints to prevent cracking but not so many that you weaken the structure. For slabs that have already failed due to poor jointing or environmental stress, professional concrete repair solutions can help restore the surface without the need for total replacement.

What Is The Main Difference Between Control Joints And Expansion Joints In Concrete?

The main difference between control joints and expansion joints in concrete is their purpose. Control joints are used to prevent cracking caused by shrinkage, while expansion joints are used to allow for the natural expansion and contraction of concrete due to temperature changes. By understanding the differences between these two types of joints, engineers and contractors can design and build concrete structures that are more durable, long-lasting, and resistant to damage.

Contact Us Today

Ready to ensure your concrete project stands the test of time? Contact us for expert advice on the best practices for implementing control and expansion joints. Our team of professionals is here to guide you through every step of the process, providing tailored solutions to meet your specific needs. We serve areas in Nebraska, Iowa, Kansas, and Missouri.

Floating Slab Foundations: What Are The Advantages And Disadvantages?

Dave Epp — Tue, 03 Sep 2024 00:00:00 GMT

Are you wondering about floating slab foundations but unsure if they're the right choice for your project? What is a floating slab, anyway? Don't fret, you've clicked on the right article!

In this complete guide to the pros and cons of floating slab foundations, you'll uncover their mechanics, advantages, limitations, and more.

Below, you'll discover everything you must know about floating slab foundations to make the smartest and most informed decision for your upcoming project.

What Is A Floating Slab?

Floating slab foundations are a special type of concrete foundation used in construction that doesn't require deep or complex footings.

In brief, these slabs "float" on the ground, and they're especially beneficial for structures that aren't subject to heavy loads and don't need deep foundations, such as garden sheds, decks, or garages. For a more technical floating slab foundation overview, it is important to note how the thickened edges provide support without the need for traditional deep footings.

What Are The Benefits Of Floating Slab Foundations?

Floating slab foundations offer many advantages that make them a top choice for certain construction projects, especially those that require a budget-friendly, fast, and flexible approach to laying a foundation.

Floating Slab Foundations Are Cost-Effective

One of the main perks of floating slab foundations is their cost-effectiveness. Usually, floating slabs are cheaper to construct than other types of foundations because they don't need as many materials or heavy-duty labor.

Due to the lack of extensive groundwork and deep footing, you save money.

Additionally, floating slab foundations involve minimal excavation, reducing the amount of soil and debris that needs removal and further decreasing project costs.

Floating Slab Foundations Are Quick To Install

If you're looking for a fast and effective solution, choose floating slab foundations. Since this foundation type doesn't require the pouring of separate footings or the construction of a substructure below frost lines, the total time from start to completion is typically short.

Thanks to the fast installation, the entire construction project will be done quickly.

If you are on a tight schedule and must complete the project within a specific timeframe, floating slab foundations may be a good solution.

Floating Slab Foundations Are Flexible

Floating slab foundations are highly versatile and fantastic for many building projects.

You can use floating slab foundations for structures like garden sheds, detached gardens, and other outbuildings. This kind of flexibility is a major plus in areas where the ground doesn't freeze; the floating slab can handle small shifts in the soil trouble-free, preventing structural damage and foundation cracks. Understanding the relationship between soil movement and slab foundations is key to deciding if this flexible design is right for your local clay or soil type.

What's more, you can easily tweak the design of floating slabs to fit different building shapes and sizes, adding another layer of convenience to your construction plans.

What Are The Disadvantages Of Floating Slab Foundations?

Floating slab foundations have many positive characteristics, but like any construction method, they have limitations. Understand the following downsides to ensure you choose the best foundation for your upcoming project.

Floating Slab Foundations Aren't Suitable For All Building Types

While floating slab foundations work great for smaller structures, they may not be the best solution for larger, more permanent buildings.

Since floating slabs don't penetrate the ground like other foundation types, they can lack the necessary strength and support for heavier or multi-story buildings.

As such, floating slab foundations aren't ideal in areas prone to frequent ground movement.

Floating Slab Foundations May Have Moisture Issues

One of the most pressing problems with floating slabs is their moisture susceptibility. Since floating slab foundations are laid directly on the ground without deep footings, you may have to deal with a higher risk of water seepage if the drainage isn't properly managed.

Sometimes, moisture accumulates under the slab, especially in areas with poor drainage or high water tables. If not addressed, potential issues include mildew, mold, and structural weakening.

Floating Slab Foundations May Have Durability Concerns

The very nature of a floating slab means it's more exposed to environmental conditions that may affect its integrity over time.

For example, severe weather conditions, shifts in the soil, and the cycle of freeze and thaw can impact the durability of floating slabs.

Without proper protective measures like waterproofing or insulation, floating slabs are prone to cracking and other forms of wear.

How Much Does A Floating Slab Foundation Cost?

The price of a floating slab foundation may vary depending on factors like your location, the size of the slab, and the cost of labor and materials in your area.

As mentioned, floating slabs are a budget-friendly alternative to other foundation types.

How Do You Install A Floating Slab?

Installing a floating slab isn't hard. However, it does require careful planning and execution to ensure the job is performed correctly. Here's how it's done:

Prepare the Site: First, the site must be prepared and cleaned of debris, vegetation, or obstacles. Level the area where you'll pour the slab, and ensure it's compact and smooth.
Prepare the Base: Lay a gravel base to aid drainage underneath the floating slab. Ensure the layer is well-compacted so the concrete has a stable base.
Install Forms and Reinforcement: Inspect the intended slab area and set up wooden forms around its perimeter to hold the concrete in place once it's poured. Put steel rebar or mesh within the formwork to prevent cracking and reinforce the concrete.
Pour Out the Concrete: Carefully mix and pour the concrete into the prepared forms. Everything should be evenly spread out, and all corners of the forms should be properly filled with concrete.
Level and Finish: Level the surface of the concrete. After that, smooth the concrete with a trowel for a clean and neat finish.
Curing Process: Allow the concrete to cure slowly, which gives it maximum strength and durability. Keep the surface slightly moist to prevent it from drying too fast and causing cracks.
Remove the Forms: Once the concrete has cured, remove the forms and finish any edges for a polished look!

Maintaining Floating Slab Foundations: Must-Know!

Keeping your floating slab foundation in top shape is important for its longevity and structural integrity.

Check for signs of movement or cracks regularly. Detecting problems early can prevent more serious and costly issues down the line. Common signs of slab foundation issues include interior floor cracks or exterior separation between the slab and the structure it supports.

If you notice small cracks, seal them immediately to prevent water infiltration and damage. If the damage becomes structural, there are several slab foundation repair options like polyjacking or piering that can restore stability to your outbuilding or garage. You'll also want to ensure that water drains away from the slab effectively, as poor drainage can cause water pooling and an increased risk of cracking.

Floating Slab Foundation vs. Other Common Foundations

To understand floating slabs, it may be beneficial to compare them to other popular foundations, such as monolithic slabs, crawl space foundations, and pier and beam foundations.

Monolithic Slabs: Similar to floating slabs, monolithic slabs are a particular type of concrete foundation, but they include footings as part of the slab. Because of these footings, monolithic slabs are more stable than floating slabs and less susceptible to movement caused by shifting soil or frost heave.

However, monolithic slabs are typically more expensive than floating slabs.

Crawl Space Foundations: Unlike floating slabs, which lay directly on the ground, crawl space foundations elevate your property above the ground. As a result, your property is better protected against moisture from the soil. On the downside, crawl space foundations usually require more materials and labor, adding to the overall cost.
Basement Foundations: Basements provide extra living or storage space below ground level, which floating slabs cannot offer. That said, basement foundations are more expensive and complex to construct, as they involve waterproofing and excavation measures.

FAQ

You've asked, and the experts have answered!

What Is The Best Insulation For A Floating Slab Foundation?

Generally, experts will use rigid foam insulation as it is highly resistant to moisture and can be installed directly on the gravel base before pouring the concrete. Then, a vapor barrier is placed over the insulation to prevent moisture from seeping into the concrete from the soil.

Are There Any Design Variations I Can Consider?

Depending on your construction needs, you can consider a few design variations for floating slab foundations, such as thickened edge slabs, steel bars, wire mesh reinforcements, or integrated footings.

What Are The Main Advantages Of Using A Floating Slab Foundation?

Floating slab foundations are cost-effective, simplistic, and effective. They're an excellent foundation type if you're budget-conscious, in a rush, or looking for a durable solution for small to medium-sized structures that don't need deep foundations.

Contact Us Today

Contact Epp Foundation Repair today for expert help and guidance. We serve Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, and Nebraska, offering quality basement waterproofing, foundation repair, crawl space encapsulation, and concrete leveling.

Schedule an inspection today and get a free estimate! Let's have a chat!

What Is Hydraulic Cement, And Is It Good For Crack Repair?

Dave Epp — Thu, 22 Aug 2024 00:00:00 GMT

When it comes to home repairs, especially dealing with threatening cracks in foundations and walls, homeowners often wonder if there's a quick, reliable solution. Hydraulic cement has been championed as a superhero in concrete and masonry work. But what is hydraulic cement, and is it truly effective for crack repair? Let's explore this in detail and see if this mighty material suits your home repair needs. Understanding foundation waterproofing basics is the first step in determining which materials are appropriate for your basement.

What Is Hydraulic Cement?

Hydraulic cement is a specialized type of cement that sets and hardens when combined with water, creating a robust and durable bond. This type of cement is renowned for its ability to set quickly, even underwater, making it ideal for construction projects that require a rapid, strong, and water-resistant material. Its unique properties stem from chemical reactions that occur upon contact with water, forming a solid, impermeable mass that can withstand significant stress and pressure. Its versatility and reliability make it a critical component in modern construction and repair.

What Is The Difference Between Hydraulic And Regular Cement?

Hydraulic cement is designed to work well in wet conditions, allowing it to set and become firm under water or even in moist environments. This property is beneficial for repairing leaks and cracks in damp areas such as basements, foundations, and underwater structures. On the contrary, regular or Portland cement needs dry conditions to cure and harden properly.

While versatile, regular cement lacks the quick-setting and water-resistant properties of hydraulic cement. It typically has a slower curing time and is best suited for above-ground applications where moisture is not a factor. Hydraulic cement usually contains additives that enhance its quick-setting and water-resistant characteristics. In contrast, regular cement relies primarily on the gradual hydration of its components over time to gain strength. Consequently, the choice between hydraulic and regular cement often comes down to the specific environmental conditions and construction or repair project requirements.

Is Hydraulic Cement As Strong As Concrete?

Determining whether hydraulic cement or concrete is stronger depends on their applications. Concrete, a mix of cement, aggregates, and water, is known for its high compressive strength and durability, ideal for long-term projects like buildings and bridges. Its strength increases over time as it cures.

Hydraulic cement, however, sets quickly and is highly water-resistant, making it suitable for urgent repairs and sealing in wet conditions. While it forms a strong bond fast, it doesn't match concrete's long-term strength. Choosing between them depends on the project's needs, environment, curing time, and structural demands.

Types Of Hydraulic Cement

Hydraulic cement comes in various types, each designed for specific applications. Some common types include:

General Hydraulic Cement: This is the standard form of hydraulic cement without specialized additives. Used for home, building, and structural repairs, it effectively seals cracks in basements, floors, outdoor walkways, and around pipes, making it water-resistant once hardened.
White Hydraulic Cement: This is identical in function to standard hydraulic cement but contains less magnesium and iron, giving it a white color. It is ideal for aesthetic projects where a lighter appearance is desired.
High Early Strength Hydraulic Cement: This reduces the curing time from about a month to roughly a week. It is perfect for projects needing a quick turnaround, as it reaches full strength faster.
Moderate and Low Heat Hydration Hydraulic Cement: Produces less heat during curing, reducing the risk of cracks in large structures like foundations and high retaining walls.
Moderate and High Sulfate-Resistant Hydraulic Cement: This cement contains chlorides to withstand sulfates in water or soil, preventing uneven expansion and cracking. It is helpful for coastal structures exposed to higher water content.

What Is Hydraulic Cement Used For?

Hydraulic cement is versatile and finds applications in various home repair and construction projects. For those looking at a DIY approach, sealing basement cracks correctly requires understanding the limitations of this quick-set material. Some of its common uses include:

Sealing Leaks: Ideal for patching leaks in basements and other wet areas.
Repairing Foundations: Used to fix cracks and holes in concrete foundations.
Waterproofing: This creates a moisture-resistant barrier in structures exposed to water.

The versatility of hydraulic cement allows it to be utilized in numerous applications, making it ideal for tasks such as:

Foundations
Basement Walls
Chimneys
Drainage Systems
Pools and Ponds
Cisterns
Piers
Tunnels
Docks and Dams
Elevator Pit

Pros And Cons Of Hydraulic Cement

Like any material, hydraulic cement has its advantages and disadvantages. Understanding these can help homeowners make an informed decision.

Pros

Quick Setting: Cures rapidly, reducing downtime for repairs.
Water Resistance: Sets even in wet conditions, ideal for leak-prone areas.
Durable: Provides a long-lasting solution for many repair needs.
Inexpensive: Relatively affordable compared to other repair options.

Cons

Limited Work Time: The quick-setting nature (10-30 minutes) means you have to work fast.
Not Ideal for Structural Repairs: Better suited for minor repairs rather than major structural issues.
Surface Preparation: Requires thorough cleaning and preparation of the repair area for optimal results.
Prone to Cracking: Not suitable for areas exposed to significant thermal or structural stress.

Should You Use Hydraulic Cement For Foundation Crack Repair?

Foundation cracks are a common concern for homeowners. While hydraulic cement seems like a quick fix, it's essential to consider whether it's the best option for your specific situation. DIY enthusiasts commonly use hydraulic cement to repair hairline cracks. Its quick-setting nature and ease of use make it a popular choice for minor repairs. Despite its popularity for minor fixes, professionals often advise against using hydraulic cement for significant foundation issues.

Hydraulic cement has several limitations that make it less ideal for foundation repair. While convenient, its quick-setting nature does not allow much time for precise application, which can result in incomplete or superficial sealing. Additionally, once cured, hydraulic cement is rigid, making it susceptible to thermal or structural stress cracking. This lack of flexibility means it may only provide a temporary fix, requiring future repairs.

Professional foundation crack repair services leverage advanced techniques and materials that go beyond the capabilities of hydraulic cement. One significant advantage of professional repairs is access to specialized materials like epoxy resin injections, which offer superior flexibility and long-lasting performance. It is also important to learn why crack injections fail when the underlying structural movement or soil conditions are not properly addressed by a specialist. These materials can penetrate deeper into cracks, providing a more robust, waterproof seal that moves with the natural expansion and contraction of your home's foundation.

Moreover, professional repair services often include a thorough assessment of the underlying causes of foundation cracks. Experts can address issues such as soil settlement, water drainage problems, or structural weaknesses that might not be apparent to the untrained eye. By tackling the root causes, professionals help prevent future cracks and potential damage, ensuring your home's long-term stability. Lastly, reputable foundation repair companies will guarantee their services, granting you peace of mind compared to any DIY solution.

Best Foundation Crack Repair Methods

When it comes to foundation crack repair, professionals recommend several proven methods for lasting results. These include:

Epoxy Injection: Epoxy injection involves injecting a waterproof epoxy resin directly into the crack within the foundation. This method is highly effective for addressing structural cracks, as it not only seals the crack but also restores the foundation's original strength and integrity. Epoxy injection is used in residential and commercial structures to ensure longevity and durability.

Xypex Crack Repair: Xypex crack repair utilizes a unique crystalline waterproofing compound that reacts with the minerals in concrete to form insoluble crystals. These crystals penetrate deep into the crack and create a permanent seal that prevents water from entering the foundation. Once applied, the compound migrates through the capillary tracts in the concrete, forming a crystalline structure that blocks water pathways. This method is particularly advantageous for its ability to self-heal small cracks over time, providing continuous protection against water infiltration and enhancing the overall durability of the foundation.
Wall Clay Process: The wall clay process involves using a specialized clay-based product to seal foundation cracks and prevent water penetration from the home's exterior. This method is often part of a larger strategy for fixing foundation cracks from outside when interior repairs are not sufficient. The process starts by exposing and thoroughly cleaning the crack. A layer of tar is placed on the crack, followed by the clay-based material, which expands upon contact with water, sealing the crack effectively. This eco-friendly option is favored for its natural composition and minimal environmental impact. The clay creates a flexible yet durable barrier that can adapt to slight movements in the foundation, ensuring a long-lasting solution for foundation repairs.

Are you curious about the best approach for your foundation cracks? Contact our experts for a free, personalized assessment and repair quote. We have decades of experience and happily service customers throughout Nebraska, Kansas, Iowa, and Missouri.

A Complete Guide To Foundation Settling Repair

Dave Epp — Tue, 20 Aug 2024 00:00:00 GMT

Your home's foundation ensures stability and security for everything built on it.

But what if it starts to settle, putting your entire home at risk? This in-depth guide covers all you need to know about foundation settling repair, from spotting the warning signs to fixing the issues and preventing future problems.

Why Should I Consider Foundation Settling Repair?

A settling foundation is more than a minor issue. It's a serious problem that can cause severe structural damage. Ignoring foundation settling can lead to expensive repairs later.

When your foundation settles, it can result in uneven floors and cracked walls, compromising your home's structural integrity. Acting quickly saves money and keeps your home safe and secure.

When Does My Foundation Need Repairing?

Recognizing the right time to repair your foundation is vital to success. Learning to identify the early foundation repair warning signs can prevent minor cosmetic cracks from becoming major structural hazards. Here are the top 5 indicators that your foundation may be settling.

Slab Floors Are Cracking

Cracks in slab floors can be alarming as they are often one of the first signs of a settling foundation. They may start as minor hairline fractures but can grow over time, posing tripping hazards and potentially leading to more significant structural issues if not addressed promptly.

Stair-Step Cracking

If you notice stair-step cracking in your brickwork or masonry, it strongly indicates that your foundation is settling. These cracks often follow the mortar joints and can be particularly alarming because they signify uneven settling.

Drywall Is Cracking

Cracks in the drywall are more than a cosmetic issue; they're a sign that you need foundation settling repair. You may notice cracks around windows, door frames, or even in the middle of walls.

Chimneys Tilting

A tilting chimney is one of the biggest red flags that you need foundation settling repair. This can be extremely dangerous as it signals severe instability. To prevent potential collapse, contact a foundation repair expert promptly.

Windows And Doors Are Damaged

You're dealing with foundation issues if your doors and windows won't close properly. The settling foundation distorts the house's frame, causing misalignment.

Why Is My Foundation Settling?

Understand the leading causes of why your foundation is settling and opt for the most effective repair service. You can explore a deeper breakdown of the various causes of foundation settling to better understand how local soil conditions impact your home. Overall, six factors may influence the stability of your foundation.

The Soil Is Too Dry

Dry soil contracts and pulls away from your foundation, causing it to settle. This often happens in areas with prolonged drought conditions. When the soil loses its moisture content, it loses volume, creating gaps and voids that your foundation can settle into.

The Soil Is Poorly Compacted

If the soil beneath your home wasn't properly compacted during construction, it could settle over time. Poorly compacted soil can cause uneven settling, leading to cracks and other foundation problems.

The Soil Is Too Saturated

Excessive water can cause soil to become too saturated, leading to erosion and weakening the soil's ability to support your foundation. This phenomenon is common in areas with heavy rainfall or poor drainage systems.

Be Mindful Of Different Soil Types

Not every soil type has the same stability level. For instance, clay soils expand and contract with moisture changes, leading to foundation issues. Sandy soils, on the other hand, offer less support.

Other Environmental Factors

Large trees and shrubs near your home can absorb outstanding amounts of water from the soil, causing it to dry and settle.

The roots can also disturb the foundation directly. Moreover, frequent vibrations from nearby construction, trains, or even heavy traffic can cause the soil to shift and settle.

Expert Foundation Repair: What To Expect?

Sure, you can fix some minor foundation problems alone. However, contacting a trustworthy service for foundation repair is the smartest choice for effective, long-lasting, and beautiful results.

This is what you can expect from an expert foundation repair service and the process.

Identify And Correct Drainage Problems

The first step in any foundation repair is identifying and correcting drainage issues. Proper drainage stops water from collecting around the foundation, reducing the risk of soil saturation.

Underpinning Is Crucial For Foundation Stability

Adding support structures can strengthen the foundation. Selecting the right foundation pier solutions depends on the weight of your home and the depth of the load-bearing strata. Some of the most common methods experts use include steel push piers, helical piers, poured concrete piers, and pressed concrete pilings.

Steel push piers: Experts drive them into the ground until they reach bedrock or stable soil. Steel push piers are a fantastic option because they provide robust support and stabilize the foundation.
Helical piers: A professional service will screw helical piers into the ground to provide added support for lighter structures. Helical piers are a good option for homes with lower load-bearing requirements.
Poured concrete piers: This traditional yet effective underpinning method involves pouring concrete into drilled holes to create stable support columns.

How To Help Prevent Your Foundation From Settling

Prevention is always better than finding a cure. Fortunately, there are several things you can do to help prevent your foundation from settling.

The Gutters Must Be Regularly Cleaned

Clean the gutters regularly to prevent water from lingering around your foundation, causing soil saturation.

To clean the gutters effectively, gather the right tools (like a sturdy ladder, a small garden trowel, and a hose with a spray nozzle), remove any debris (such as dirt, leaves, and twigs), check downspouts, and rinse the remaining dirt properly.

Waterproof The Foundation For Maximum Security

As you're aware, too much water can cause foundation damage. Consider waterproofing your foundation to keep any excess water out and protect the soil around your home. When in doubt, always reach out to a trusted foundation repair service for expert waterproofing.

Keep The Soil Damp To Avoid Dryness

Too much water and extreme dryness can damage foundations. Dampen the soil occasionally to prevent it from contracting and creating gaps the foundation can settle into.

That said, if you're already dealing with foundation complications, it may be time to consult with experts in foundation settling repair.

Is DIY Foundation Repair Possible?

Foundation repair is not a DIY project. Improperly fixing a foundation can worsen the damage, decrease property value, and cause structural instability. Instead, reach out to a reliable foundation repair contractor.

Why You Should Choose Epp Foundation Repair

We're Experts In The Field Of Foundation Repair

Epp Foundation Repair offers many services, including concrete leveling, crawl space encapsulation, foundation repair, and basement waterproofing. Our team of experts will ensure that every project is done to the highest standards.

Expert Support From Start To Finish

Epp Foundation Repair's "By Your Side Guarantee" promises professional support from the start of the project to the very end. Our team will ensure you understand the process and are satisfied with the results.

Warranties On Most Products

Most of our products come with warranties, so you can rest assured that your investment is protected. Our friendly customer support team is always ready to help you with any questions or issues.

We Proudly Serve The Midwest

Epp Foundation Repair proudly serves Kansas, Iowa, Nebraska, and Missouri, including Lincoln, Kearney, Grand Island, Omaha, York, Sioux City, Topeka, and St. Joseph.

FAQ: Foundation Settling Repair

Are you wondering about the process of foundation repair, how much it costs, and why it's important? Here's what experts are saying.

What Can Cause Foundation Settling?

Changes in moisture levels, soil conditions, and natural settling over time can lead to foundation settling. Also, improper soil compaction during construction can cause settling problems.

How Can I Tell If The Foundation Is Settling?

Check for telltale signs of foundation settling, like uneven floors, wall cracks, sticking windows and doors, or gaps around doors and windows. When you see signs of foundation settling, consult an expert service.

Is Foundation Settling A Common Issue?

Yes, homeowners often face foundation settling. Consider taking preventative measures like cleaning the gutters regularly and waterproofing the foundation.

How Much Does Foundation Settling Repair Cost?

The cost of foundation settling repair will depend on factors like the methods used and the extent of the damage. Requesting a professional foundation inspection is the only way to receive a comprehensive and accurate estimate for your specific property. For the most accurate estimates, it is best to get a professional assessment.

How Long Does It Take To Repair A Foundation?

Just like with costs, the duration of the process will depend on the severity of the problem. Repairs can range from a few days to a couple of weeks.

Reach Out For Professional Foundation Repair

Foundation settling is a serious problem that requires immediate attention. Take action now to save time, money, and stress in the long run. Consult with Epp Foundation Repair. We're passionate about helping homeowners restore their homes' structural integrity. Reach out and get a free estimate today.

Cripple Walls 101

Dave Epp — Thu, 15 Aug 2024 00:00:00 GMT

Keeping your house safe and sound is a top priority for homeowners. But did you know that some homes have a hidden structural component called a "cripple wall" that can significantly affect their stability? This article will guide you through everything you need to know about cripple walls, from identifying them to understanding their pros and cons and standard repair solutions. By the end, you'll learn how to keep your home in tip-top shape.

What Is A Cripple Wall?

A cripple wall is a short wooden wall that sits sandwiched between the perimeter of your home's foundation and the floor and exterior walls. These walls form a crawl space typically between 14 inches and four feet. Cripple walls help elevate the home above the ground, making it easier to install plumbing, electrical wiring, and heating systems. They provide essential vertical support and play a critical role in the overall structural integrity of your home. Understanding how these crawl space structural components interact is key to maintaining a solid foundation. Cripple walls were popular in homes built before 1960 and especially those built on unlevel or sloped terrain. However, by the 1980s, they became obsolete.

Why Do They Call It A Cripple Wall?

The term "cripple wall" might sound odd, but it comes from the word "cripple," meaning to weaken or impair, and originated from the concept of a "cripple zone." This area of the home is designed to give or fail during seismic events, theoretically protecting the rest of the structure from significant damage. However, cripple walls have been proven to be more hazardous than helpful in preserving a home during an earthquake since a sudden collapse can cause the house to crash against the ground and even slide off of the foundation. Despite this vulnerable designation, homes with cripple walls can be incredibly resilient if properly braced and maintained.

How To Identify If Your Home Has A Cripple Wall

Identifying whether your home has a cripple wall can be relatively straightforward. First, check if your house has a crawl space. If it does and was built before 1960, there's a good chance you have a cripple wall. Next, enter the crawl space and look for short wooden walls perpendicular to the foundation and subfloor. These are your cripple walls. You can also consult your home's architectural plans or seek professional inspection services for a more comprehensive assessment. Having a professional go through a crawl space inspection checklist can reveal issues that are invisible to the untrained eye.

What Is The Difference Between A Stem Wall And A Cripple Wall?

Understanding the difference between a stem wall and a cripple wall can help you better grasp your home's construction. A stem wall is a short concrete wall that connects the house's foundation to the subfloor. It's usually found in homes without a crawl space and provides a stable base for the structure. In some situations, crawl spaces have a continuous concrete wall along the perimeter that connects it to the subfloor, which may also be called a stem wall.

On the other hand, a cripple wall is framed with wooden studs and is common in homes with a crawl space. While both types of walls support the home, their construction materials and placement differ.

Are Cripple Walls Good Or Bad?

The Good

Cripple walls have their benefits. They make installing and maintaining utility lines easier and provide additional ventilation to your home. When properly built, braced, and maintained, cripple walls can be incredibly sturdy and durable.

The Bad

However, cripple walls can be a weak spot in your home's structure, especially during an earthquake. They can collapse under extreme conditions because they are shorter and often less reinforced than standard walls. Older homes, in particular, may have cripple walls that don't meet modern building codes and standards.

Despite their historical popularity, cripple walls have become outdated due to advances in building techniques and increased awareness of earthquake resilience. Modern construction methods favor more robust, more stable foundations. Building codes and standards have evolved, placing greater emphasis on seismic safety and structural integrity, which cripple walls often fail to meet. As a result, many homes with cripple walls require retrofitting to enhance their earthquake resistance.

Common Problems With Cripple Walls

Cripple walls can face several common issues that might compromise their structural integrity. Common problems include:

Wood rot. Over time, moisture can seep into the wood, causing it to rot and weaken, thereby compromising the support it provides.
Termite damage. Termites are notorious for damaging wooden structures, and cripple walls are not exempt. Because the cripple wall supports the rim joist and floor framing, any wood rot here can eventually lead to sagging or bouncy floors inside the home. Infestation can lead to significant structural damage.
Inadequate bracing. Many older cripple walls were not built with adequate bracing, making them vulnerable to seismic movements and structural failure.
Foundation settlement. Shifting or settling foundations can cause the cripple wall to crack or lean, leading to instability.
Poor construction. Ineffective construction techniques or the use of substandard materials can lead to weak cripple walls that fail under pressure.
Lack of maintenance. Neglecting regular inspections and preventative maintenance can exacerbate existing issues or lead to new problems in cripple walls.

Repair Solutions For Cripple Walls

If you have identified issues with your cripple walls, several repair solutions can help restore their integrity and ensure your home remains safe and secure:

Seismic retrofitting. Comprehensive retrofitting can include the addition of plywood sheathing or steel brackets and straps to enhance the overall seismic resilience of the cripple walls. FEMA has created resources to help homeowners understand how to brace their cripple walls properly.
Replacing rotted wood. Removing sections of wood that are compromised by rot and replacing them with treated lumber can help prevent future decay. Understanding floor joist repair basics is helpful when coordinating these fixes to ensure the entire support system is reinforced.
Termite treatment. Addressing and eliminating any termite infestation and reinforcing the damaged wood structures accordingly.
Drainage improvements. Ensuring proper drainage around your home helps prevent moisture accumulation and reduce the risk of wood rot and termite damage. Drainage options include:
- Regrading. Ensure the yard slopes away from the home to prevent water accumulation near the foundation.
- French drain. Install a French drain, a trench filled with gravel or rock containing a perforated pipe that redirects surface water and groundwater away from the foundation. They help maintain a dry crawl space and prevent moisture-related issues like wood rot and termite infestations.
- Drain tile. Install a drain tile system, also known as a footing drain or perimeter drain. It involves placing a perforated pipe around the foundation's perimeter to collect and channel water away from the house's base, typically at the footings. The system can be connected to a sump pump, which actively removes water from the area, further protecting your cripple walls from moisture-related damage. See our guide to a crawl space drain tile system for more detail.
Crawl space encapsulation. Encapsulating your crawl space involves covering the floor and walls with a vapor barrier, creating a moisture-resistant seal. This helps prevent moisture from entering your crawl space and damaging the cripple walls.
Underpinning. Underpinning is a process for helping stabilize foundations experiencing differential settlement. Push or helical pier systems are driven deep into the ground, connecting the foundation to stable soil to help stabilize it against further settlement. Underpinning is intended to enhance the stability and durability of your home's foundation over the long term.

Implementing these solutions can significantly improve the durability and safety of your foundation and cripple walls, helping to safeguard your home against both environmental factors and structural issues. Regular inspection and maintenance remain pivotal in ensuring the long-term effectiveness of these repair measures.

If you suspect any problems with your cripple walls or crawl space, don't wait. Schedule a crawl space inspection if you live in Nebraska, Iowa, Kansas, or Missouri. Our crawl space repair specialists have over 30 years of experience helping homeowners stabilize their foundations and prevent moisture-related issues with crawl space encapsulation and various drainage solutions. Taking proactive measures ensures your home remains a haven for you and your family.

The Homeowner's Guide To Post-Tension Slab Foundations

Dave Epp — Tue, 06 Aug 2024 00:00:00 GMT

If you're like most homeowners, the foundation of your home is probably not something you think about often, but it's crucial for the safety and longevity of your property. In this guide, we'll explore a popular but perhaps not always well understood foundation type: post-tension slab foundations. Reviewing post-tension slab basics is a great starting point for homeowners who want to understand how their house interacts with the ground. This article will help you understand what they are, how they're constructed, their advantages and disadvantages, and how to maintain them.

What Is A Post-Tension Slab Foundation?

A post-tension slab foundation is a type of concrete foundation that has been strengthened using a system of cables or tendons. These cables are tensioned after the concrete has been poured and cured, which helps to prevent cracking and increase the overall strength of the foundation. This method is often used in areas with expansive soils, where traditional foundations might be prone to shifting and cracking.

Unlike traditional slabs, post-tension slabs are designed to handle greater loads and stresses. They are particularly useful in residential construction, providing a reliable and durable foundation for homes. By incorporating this advanced technology, builders can ensure a more stable and long-lasting structure.

The technology behind post-tension slabs isn't new, but its application in residential construction has become more popular in recent years. With the growing awareness of the benefits, more homeowners are opting for this type of foundation to secure their homes.

How Are Post-Tension Slabs Constructed?

Constructing a post-tension slab foundation involves several meticulous steps to ensure its effectiveness and durability. First, the site is prepared by leveling the ground and removing debris. The ground is then compacted to provide a stable base for the foundation. Understanding the various soil effects on slab foundations is vital during this stage, as the specific earth composition dictates how the tendons should be tensioned.

Next, a grid of steel cables or tendons is laid across the area where the concrete will be poured. These cables are placed inside plastic sheathing to protect them from corrosion. Once the cables are in place, concrete is poured over them and allowed to cure. After the concrete has been set, the cables are tensioned using hydraulic jacks, which pull them tight and add compression to the concrete.

This process not only strengthens the concrete but also allows it to flex slightly, reducing the likelihood of cracks. The tensioned cables help to distribute loads more evenly across the foundation, making it more resistant to shifting and settling.

The final step involves covering the exposed ends of the cables with a protective cap to prevent any moisture or debris from entering. This ensures the longevity of the foundation and protects it from potential damage.

What Are The Advantages Of Post-Tension Slabs?

Post-tension slab foundations offer several benefits, making them an attractive choice for many homeowners. Consider the following pros:

Crack resistant. The tensioned cables provide additional strength and flexibility to the slab, allowing the foundation to absorb and distribute stresses more effectively. This makes them particularly suitable for areas with expansive soils or seismic activity.
Uses less concrete. Because post-tension slabs are stronger, they can be thinner than traditional slabs. This reduces the building's floor-to-floor height and, at times, the overall cost of materials. By using less concrete, the construction process becomes more efficient and environmentally friendly.
Lightweight. Since post-tension slabs are designed thinner and use less concrete, they weigh less. This reduction in weight can reduce stress on the soil, reducing the chance of uneven settling or shifting of the foundation.
Greater design flexibility. Builders can create larger, open spaces without the need for additional support columns, which opens up more possibilities for architectural designs and gives homeowners more options for customizing their homes.
Less maintenance and repairs. Their increased durability means the foundation is built with long-term performance in mind.

What Are The Disadvantages Of Post-Tension Slabs?

While post-tension slab foundations offer many advantages, there are also some drawbacks to consider. Some of the cons include:

Initial cost. The specialized materials and labor required for post-tension construction can make it more expensive upfront than traditional foundations.
Complexity of repairs. If a post-tension slab does develop a problem, repairing it can be more challenging and costly. The tensioned cables require specialized knowledge and equipment to fix, which may not be readily available in all areas.
Complexity of renovations. The presence of tensioned cables embedded within the concrete limits the extent of modifications that can be safely carried out. For example, drilling into the slab to add utilities or remodel interior spaces can damage the cables, leading to expensive repairs and potential structural issues.
Susceptible to corrosion. The steel cables need to be adequately covered to prevent moisture from rusting and weakening the foundation. Regular inspections and maintenance are crucial to ensuring the foundation's integrity over time.

Despite these disadvantages, the long-term benefits and durability of post-tension slabs often outweigh the initial costs and potential challenges.

How Do You Know If You Have A Post-Tension Slab Foundation?

Identifying whether your home has a post-tension slab foundation is usually straightforward. One of the most obvious signs is a warning stamp in the concrete, often located on the garage floor or a wall between the garage and house, indicating that the foundation is a post-tension slab, so you should not drill or core it. If you cannot find such a stamp, check your slab's perimeter for the presence of small metal or plastic caps on the exterior of the foundation. These caps cover the ends of the tensioned cables and are usually spaced at regular intervals around the slab's perimeter.

You can also check your home's construction documents or contact the builder for confirmation. These records will typically detail the type of foundation used during construction. If you're still unsure, a professional inspection can provide a definitive answer. A qualified inspector can assess the foundation and identify signs indicating a post-tension system.

Common Repairs For Post-Tension Slab Foundations

Even with their durability, post-tension slab foundations can sometimes require repairs.

Cable repair. Over time, the tensioned cables can become damaged or corroded, leading to a loss of tension and potential cracking in the concrete. Repairing broken cables involves locating the damaged section, removing the protective sheathing, and splicing in a new piece of cable. This process requires specialized equipment and should only be performed by a trained professional.
Crack repair. While post-tension slabs are designed to minimize cracking, small surface cracks can still occur. These can often be repaired using epoxy injections or other sealants to prevent further damage.
Shifting or settling. Issues with the soil or fluctuating weather conditions can cause a foundation to shift and settle unevenly, leading to uneven floors and other structural issues. To address this, contractors may use techniques such as polyurethane polyjacking and underpinning to help stabilize the soil and address the uneven settling. Specific slab foundation repair considerations must be taken into account when dealing with tensioned cables, as traditional drilling methods can be extremely hazardous.

Regular maintenance and inspections can help to identify and address any issues early, preventing more extensive and costly repairs down the line.

How To Maintain And Protect A Post-Tension Slab

Maintaining a post-tension slab foundation involves several key steps to ensure longevity. Try the following steps:

Proper drainage. Excess moisture can weaken the soil and lead to shifting or settling. Ensure that gutters and downspouts direct water away from the foundation and the yard slopes away from the house, and consider installing a drainage system if necessary.
Careful landscaping. Trees and shrubs with extensive root systems can exert pressure on the slab and cause damage. Keep plants at a safe distance and consider using root barriers to prevent encroachment.
Annual inspections. Look for signs of cracking, shifting, or moisture infiltration, and address any concerns promptly.

Understanding the intricacies of post-tension slab foundations can empower you as a homeowner to make informed decisions about your property. By following proper maintenance practices and addressing any issues promptly, you can ensure the longevity and performance of your post-tension slab foundation. Recognizing the importance of a foundation inspection for this specialized system can help you avoid cable failure that is costly to repair.

If you live in Nebraska, Iowa, Kansas, or Missouri and need a professional inspection or foundation repair quote, please contact our team of experts. We are here to help you protect and maintain your home for years to come.

Expandable Foam For Concrete Leveling: Homeowners Guide

Dave Epp — Tue, 30 Jul 2024 00:00:00 GMT

Over time, even the sturdiest concrete slabs can become uneven, leading to many problems. If you're a homeowner facing uneven concrete surfaces, fear not. This guide explains how expandable foam can help you level your concrete surfaces seamlessly and effectively. Exploring easy ways to fix sinking concrete can help you avoid the high cost and mess of a full driveway or patio replacement.

Why Concrete Slabs Become Uneven

Concrete slabs can become uneven and crack due to several factors, each with its own concrete leveling problem signs:

Soil erosion: When the soil beneath a concrete slab erodes, it creates voids or gaps, causing the concrete to sink. Weather conditions, such as heavy rain or droughts, can exacerbate this issue, leading to further instability.
Poor Soil Compaction: If the soil wasn't adequately compacted before pouring the concrete, it could settle unevenly over time, causing the slab to shift.
Tree Roots: These can lift or crack the slab, contributing to its unevenness.
Wear and Tear: Over time, the constant pressure from vehicles, foot traffic, or heavy equipment can cause the concrete to crack and settle unevenly.
Freezing and Thawing Cycles: In cooler climates, the cycle of freezing and thawing can wreak havoc on concrete slabs. Water seeps into tiny cracks and crevices, and when it freezes, it expands, leading to larger cracks and potential shifting.
Drought Conditions: Prolonged periods of drought can cause soil to contract and shrink, resulting in gaps under the concrete. When the soil eventually rehydrates, it may not return to its original level, causing instability in the slab.

What Is Expandable Foam For Concrete Leveling?

Expandable foam for concrete leveling, professionally known as polyurethane foam injection or polyjacking with expanding foam, is an innovative solution for fixing uneven surfaces. Unlike traditional methods, such as mudjacking, which uses a slurry of cement and soil, polyjacking employs high-density foam to lift and level the concrete. Polyurethane foam injection involves pumping a two-part liquid polymer into the voids beneath the concrete slab. Once injected, the liquid expands and hardens, filling the gaps and lifting the slab back to its original position. Having polyurethane concrete lifting explained by a professional can help you understand how this two-part chemical reaction provides superior support. It provides long-lasting support without adding significant weight to the underlying soil. It's also water-resistant, ensuring the leveled surface remains stable even in wet conditions.

Why Should You Invest In Concrete Leveling?

Investing in concrete leveling is crucial for maintaining the safety and aesthetics of your home. Uneven concrete surfaces can pose significant tripping hazards, especially for children and older people. By leveling the concrete, you can prevent accidents and create a safer environment for your family.

Additionally, uneven concrete can detract from the curb appeal of your home. Whether it's a sunken driveway, uneven patio, or cracked walkway, these issues can make your property look unkempt and reduce its overall value. Leveling the concrete not only enhances the appearance of your home but also increases its marketability if you decide to sell.

Finally, addressing uneven concrete surfaces can prevent further damage. If left unattended, uneven slabs can worsen over time, leading to more extensive and costly repairs. Investing in concrete leveling early on can save money by avoiding the need for complete slab replacement.

Benefits Of Leveling Concrete With Expandable Foam

Expandable foam offers several advantages over traditional concrete leveling methods. Consider the following advantages:

Quick and Efficient: Unlike mudjacking, which can take several hours to days to complete, polyjacking can be done in a matter of hours, minimizing disruption to your daily routine. A detailed foam injection vs mudjacking comparison shows that while foam is a modern choice, it offers much faster curing times than traditional slurry.
Durability: It provides long-lasting support, ensuring the leveled surface remains stable for years.
Waterproof: Unlike the cement slurry used in mudjacking, polyurethane foam is waterproof, preventing future erosion and settlement issues.
Minimally Invasive: Since the foam is injected through small holes, there is no need for extensive excavation or heavy machinery. The process is cleaner, quieter, and less intrusive.
Lightweight: Polyurethane foam is significantly lighter than the cement slurry used in mudjacking, making it ideal for areas where the soil is weak or prone to erosion by reducing the risk of further settlement or shifting.
Cost-effective: While the initial cost of polyjacking might be higher than traditional lifting methods, it is typically far less expensive than a full slab replacement, and the long-term benefits over traditional lifting methods make it a more cost-effective solution. The durability of the foam ensures fewer repairs in the future, saving you money over time.

By investing in expandable foam for concrete leveling, you're opting for a method that balances affordability with high performance and longevity.

How To Level Concrete With Expandable Foam

Want to know how the expanding foam works? Here is a step-by-step process:

1. Conduct a thorough inspection:

A professional assesses the condition of the concrete slab.
Identifies underlying issues.
Determines the best approach for leveling.
Uses specialized equipment to locate voids and measure settlement extent.

2. Begin the installation process:

Drill small holes into the concrete slab at strategic locations.
Inject polyurethane foam beneath the slab through the holes.
The foam expands and fills voids, lifting the concrete back to its original position or as close as possible.

3. Monitor the lifting process:

Professional carefully monitors to ensure precise leveling.

4. Finalize the process:

Patch the holes once the desired level is achieved.
Leave the surface smooth and even.

5. Enjoy your leveled concrete surface almost immediately.

As you can see, the entire process is quick, efficient, and minimally invasive!

What To Avoid When Leveling Concrete

Several common mistakes should be avoided when leveling concrete. One of the most critical errors is cutting corners using low-quality materials. Cheap or inadequate foam can lead to subpar results, with the concrete quickly settling again. Always opt for high-quality polyurethane foam to ensure long-lasting stability.

Another mistake is failing to address the underlying cause of the settlement. Simply leveling the concrete without identifying and rectifying the root issue can lead to recurring problems. Ensure that the source of the settlement, such as soil erosion or poor compaction, is addressed before proceeding with the leveling process.

When faced with a sunken concrete surface, pouring more concrete over the affected area might seem like an easy fix. However, this approach will add weight to the already unstable soil, exacerbate the underlying issues, and cause further settlement and cracking over time. Additionally, the new layer of concrete will not bond effectively with the existing slab, leading to a weak and uneven surface that is prone to future damage.

Finally, avoid attempting to level the concrete without proper knowledge or experience. Professional concrete leveling methods require specialized equipment and expertise to achieve accurate results. Hiring a professional ensures the job is done correctly and safely, preventing further damage and costly repairs.

Can You DIY Concrete Leveling?

While the idea of leveling your concrete surfaces yourself may seem appealing, it's essential to understand the risks involved. One of the primary risks is uneven lifting. Without experience, achieving uniform support across the entire slab can be difficult, leading to an uneven surface and potential further settlement. Worse yet, the slab can be raised too much, and the only remaining solution is to replace the entire slab. Additionally, improper handling of the polyurethane foam can result in inadequate filling of voids, compromising the stability of the leveled surface. DIY attempts may also void any warranties or guarantees provided by professional services, leaving you responsible for future issues.

Hiring a professional for concrete leveling offers several advantages. Professionals have the expertise and experience to accurately assess the condition of your concrete and determine the best approach for leveling. They use specialized equipment to achieve precise lifting and ensure uniform support. Professionals also have access to high-quality materials, guaranteeing the leveled surface remains stable for years. By hiring a professional, you can have peace of mind knowing that the job will be done correctly and that any underlying issues will be addressed. Furthermore, professional services often come with warranties or guarantees, providing additional protection and assurance. In the long run, investing in professional concrete leveling can save you time, money, and stress.

If you're ready to level your concrete surfaces with expandable foam and enjoy a safer, more attractive home, consider getting a quote from our experts. You may also want to review what drives concrete leveling pricing to better understand your final estimate. We service Nebraska and parts of Iowa, Kansas, and Missouri. With over 30 years of experience, you can rest assured that your problem is as good as solved with us.

What Are Nail Pops? Are They A Sign Of Foundation Issues?

Dave Epp — Thu, 25 Jul 2024 00:00:00 GMT

Have you noticed small, circular bumps appearing on your walls or ceilings? These are called nail pops. While they seem like a minor aesthetic issue, they can sometimes indicate more serious foundation problems. In this article, we'll explore nail pops, their causes, and whether they should be a cause for concern for homeowners. You'll also learn the consequences of ignoring nail pops and how to fix them effectively.

What Are Nail Pops?

Nail pops are small, circular bumps that appear on your walls or ceilings. These bumps occur when the heads of nails used in drywall installation push through the surface. While nail pops are familiar in homes of all ages, they are particularly frequent in new constructions due to the natural settling process of the building materials. The appearance of nail pops can vary. Some might be barely noticeable, while others can cause the paint or drywall to crack. Regardless of their size, nail pops can be an eyesore and may indicate underlying issues that must be addressed.

What Causes Nail Pops?

Several factors can lead to the formation of nail pops. Understanding these causes can help you determine whether the nail pops in your home are a minor inconvenience or a sign of a more significant problem.

Settling Of The House

One of the most common causes of nail pops is the natural settling of the house. When a home is newly built, the materials used in its construction, such as wood and drywall, can shift and settle over time. This movement can cause the nails to loosen and push through the drywall, creating nail pops.

Changes In Humidity And Temperature

Fluctuations in humidity and temperature can also lead to nail pops. In areas with high humidity, the wooden framing of the house can absorb moisture and expand. Conversely, in dry conditions, the wood can contract. These changes can cause the nails to loosen and pop.

Poor Drywall Installation

Sometimes, nail pops are simply the result of poor drywall installation. If the nails were not driven into the studs at the correct angle or depth, they could become loose over time and push through the drywall. Additionally, using the wrong type of nails or failing to secure the drywall properly can contribute to the formation of nail pops. For example, if roofing nails were used instead of drywall screws, such as in older homes, they would be prone to sliding or popping out due to their reduced traction.

Should You Be Concerned By Nail Pops?

Nail pops are often dismissed as a minor cosmetic issue. However, they can sometimes indicate more serious problems that require attention. Here are some scenarios where nail pops should raise a red flag:

Structural Issues

Sometimes, nail pops can signify structural issues within your home. If you notice a significant number of nail pops appearing suddenly or in a specific area, it could indicate that the foundation is shifting or settling unevenly. Uneven settling can lead to more severe problems that threaten your home's structural integrity and may manifest as cracks in the walls or ceilings, as well as doors or windows that no longer close correctly. Knowing when cracks indicate foundation problems versus simple drying helps homeowners prioritize their repairs before the damage escalates.

Moisture Problems

Nail pops can also be a sign of moisture problems in your home. If the wooden framing absorbs excessive moisture, it can cause the nails to loosen and push through the drywall. This can be particularly concerning in areas like basements or bathrooms, where high humidity levels are typical. Addressing the underlying moisture issue is crucial to preventing further damage.

Poor Construction

If your home has a history of poor construction practices, nail pops could be a symptom of more significant issues. In this case, it's essential to have a professional inspect your home to identify and address any underlying problems that could compromise its structural integrity.

What Happens If You Don't Fix Nail Pops?

While nail pops might seem minor, neglecting them can lead to more significant problems. Here are some potential consequences of ignoring nail pops:

Worsening aesthetic appearance. Nail pops can worsen and become more noticeable if left unaddressed. The paint around the nail pop can crack and peel, creating an unsightly appearance. Over time, multiple nail pops can make your walls and ceilings look unkempt and reduce the overall aesthetic appeal of your home.
Potential for more damage. The damage can spread if the underlying cause of the nail pops is not addressed, such as moisture problems or structural issues. Damage often includes larger cracks in the drywall or foundation, which is more challenging and costly to repair.
Decreased home value. When it comes time to sell your home, visible nail pops can be a red flag for potential buyers. They might see nail pops as a sign of poor maintenance or more significant underlying issues. Addressing nail pops promptly can help maintain your home's value and make it more appealing to buyers.

How Do You Fix Nail Pops?

Before attempting to fix any nail pops, it is essential to determine the root cause of the problem. A professional inspection will help you determine the cause of the nail pops and the appropriate repair solutions. While some repairs can be done as a DIY project, others should be handled by a professional. Here are the steps to repair nail pops effectively:

Step 1: Identify The Cause

Before fixing the nail pops, it's essential to identify the underlying cause. You can proceed with the repair if the nail pops are due to natural settling or humidity changes. However, if you suspect structural issues or moisture problems, it's best to consult a professional to address the root cause. You should also check for other signs of foundation movement, such as sticking doors or exterior brick cracks, which often appear alongside interior nail pops. Otherwise, the nail pops will reappear along with further unsightly damage.

Step 2: Remove The Nail

Using a utility knife or the edge of a drywall saw, carefully cut away the paint and drywall around the nail pop. Remove the exposed nail or screw and inspect the area for any additional damage. If the nail was not driven into a stud, you'll need to insert a screw into the stud to secure the drywall properly.

Step 3: Secure The Drywall

Insert a new screw into the stud, ensuring it is driven in at the correct angle and depth. The screw should be slightly below the surface of the drywall to allow for easy patching. If the original nail was not driven into a stud, insert a screw into the stud to secure the drywall properly.

How To Repair Nail Pops Caused By Foundation Issues

If nail pops in your home are caused by uneven settling of the foundation, prompt foundation repair is crucial to prevent further damage. Here are some standard methods for repairing uneven foundation settling:

Helical piers. Helical piers are steel shafts with helical plates that are screwed into the ground below the foundation. They transfer the structure's weight to more stable soil or bedrock, which helps stabilize the settling area of the foundation.
Push piers. Like helical piers, steel push piers are driven deep into the ground to reach stable soil. They are then used to stabilize the foundation against further settling.
Slabjacking and polyjacking. In this method, polyurethane foam is injected beneath a sunken slab to fill voids and help raise it back toward its original level. Slabjacking is typically used for concrete slab foundations that have settled unevenly.

Each method should be performed by experienced foundation repair experts to ensure your home's stability and safety. Consulting with a specialist will help determine the most effective solution for your situation. Scheduling a professional foundation inspection is the only way to confirm if nail pops are purely cosmetic or a structural warning. If your home also has moisture issues, they may be able to recommend various water management solutions.

By staying proactive and addressing nail pops promptly, homeowners can prevent further damage and maintain the value of their property. Remember, a well-maintained home is more enjoyable to live in and attractive to potential buyers. Take the necessary steps today to keep your home in top condition and enjoy peace of mind knowing you've addressed any potential issues.

Common Causes Of Honeycomb In Concrete And How To Repair It

Dave Epp — Tue, 23 Jul 2024 00:00:00 GMT

Concrete is a popular construction material known for its versatility and durability. However, it has some flaws. One such ironically unsweet issue is honeycombing. But what exactly is honeycomb concrete, what causes it, how does it affect your home, and how can homeowners fix it? Having common concrete defects explained by a concrete repair contractor allows you to recognize when a visual blemish is actually a sign of poor structural execution. This article will answer your questions and provide tips on ensuring your home's foundation remains solid and durable.

What Is Honeycomb Concrete?

Honeycomb concrete refers to the voids and gaps on the surface or inside the concrete structure, resembling a honeycomb pattern. These voids most commonly occur due to improper compaction or the presence of air pockets during the pouring process. Honeycomb concrete can be categorized into three types:

Small honeycombs are minor voids that might not pose significant structural risks but can still affect the aesthetics and durability of the concrete.
Medium honeycombs are larger voids that may compromise the surface integrity and require attention to prevent further damage.
Large honeycombs are substantial voids that can severely impact the structural integrity of the concrete, requiring immediate repair.

Understanding these types will help homeowners determine the severity of the issue and take appropriate action.

What Causes Concrete To Honeycomb?

Several factors contribute to the formation of honeycombs in concrete:

Poor mixing quality. When the mixing process is not thorough, the materials, such as cement, sand, aggregates, and water, do not blend evenly. This uneven distribution can create weaker areas within the concrete, developing voids and honeycombs. Consistent and thorough mixing ensures uniformity and strength in concrete structures.
Inadequate compaction. Compaction is a critical step in concrete placement, as it helps to remove entrapped air, ensures that the concrete fills all spaces within the formwork, and creates a dense and solid concrete mass. Insufficient compaction allows air pockets to remain, creating voids that manifest as honeycombs.
Improper pouring techniques. Pouring concrete requires a steady and even distribution to avoid gaps and voids. If the concrete is poured too quickly, unevenly, or from a significant height, it can segregate or flow away from specific areas, leading to honeycombs. Carefully pouring in layers and avoiding long drops helps ensure the concrete is evenly distributed and compacted.
Use of overly dry mix. A concrete mix that is too dry lacks sufficient moisture to achieve proper compaction and a smooth finish. Dry mixes are more challenging to work with and can result in incomplete formwork filling, leaving voids. Adjusting the water-to-cement ratio to achieve the right consistency is crucial for preventing honeycombs and ensuring workability.
Insufficient vibration. Vibration is used during the pouring process to help remove trapped air and ensure the concrete settles into all formwork areas. Inadequate vibration fails to eliminate these air pockets, resulting in voids and honeycombs. Appropriate vibration techniques and equipment are essential for achieving a dense, homogenous concrete structure.
Improper curing. Curing is the process of maintaining adequate moisture, temperature, and time to allow the concrete to achieve its desired properties and strength. If the curing process is neglected or performed inadequately, the concrete may lose moisture too rapidly or unevenly, leading to shrinkage cracks and honeycombs.
Poor formwork. Formwork provides the mold in which concrete is poured and shaped. If the formwork is poorly constructed, it can lead to leakage of the concrete mixture, misalignment, and ineffective containment of the poured concrete. Uneven or poorly sealed formwork can cause concrete to seep out, leaving voids and gaps that result in honeycombs. Ensuring the formwork is robust, well-sealed, and correctly aligned is crucial to avoid honeycombing and achieve a smooth surface finish.
Improper use of reinforcements. Reinforcements such as steel bars or mesh strengthen concrete structures and help them withstand various stresses. Incorrect placement or use of these reinforcements can lead to honeycombing. For instance, if the reinforcements are not adequately secured, they may shift during the pouring process, creating areas where the concrete cannot fill the formwork. Additionally, overcrowded reinforcements can obstruct the concrete flow, resulting in voids. Ensuring proper spacing, securement, and design of reinforcements is critical to avoid the formation of honeycombs and maintain the structural integrity of the concrete.

Understanding and addressing these causes are crucial for preventing honeycombs and ensuring the robustness and durability of concrete structures.

What Are The Disadvantages Of Honeycomb In Concrete?

Honeycombing in concrete is often a more cosmetic than structural issue, especially if the honeycombs are small and only cover a small surface area. However, even small areas of honeycombing can lead to further problems and medium or large honeycombs can pose more significant threats to a structure. Consider some of the issues that may present themselves over time:

Reduced structural integrity. Honeycombing creates weakened areas within the concrete, diminishing its ability to bear loads effectively. These voids and gaps compromise the overall strength and durability of the structure, potentially leading to failure under stress or over time.
Increased permeability. Honeycombed concrete's porous nature allows water, chemicals, and other harmful substances to penetrate the surface. This infiltration can lead to the corrosion of reinforcing steel bars, cracks, and spalling at the surface, further weakening the structure and accelerating the degradation process.
Compromised aesthetics. The presence of honeycombs results in an uneven, unattractive appearance on the concrete surface. Honeycombing detracts from the construction's visual appeal and can indicate underlying structural issues that need attention.
Potential safety hazards. Extensive honeycombing, especially in critical structural components such as beams, columns, and load-bearing walls, can pose serious safety risks. If honeycombs are deep enough to expose rebar, they can lead to significant foundation wall deterioration due to moisture-driven corrosion. These weakened areas may cause unexpected structural failures, endangering the lives of occupants and the integrity of the building.

These disadvantages highlight the importance of promptly addressing honeycombing issues to maintain concrete structures' strength, durability, and appearance. Mitigating honeycombing involves ensuring proper concrete mixing, placement, and compaction techniques, as well as thorough inspections and timely repairs to prevent long-term damage and ensure structural safety.

How Much Honeycombing Is Allowed In Concrete?

While some minor honeycombing might be acceptable, it's essential to assess the extent and location of the voids. Generally:

Small honeycombs on the surface that do not affect the structural integrity can be tolerated.
Medium honeycombs require repair to prevent further deterioration and maintain the concrete's durability.
Large honeycombs are unacceptable and must be repaired immediately to ensure the safety and longevity of the structure.

Consulting with a structural engineer or professional contractor can help homeowners determine the acceptable level of honeycombing and the necessary repairs.

How To Prevent Concrete from Honeycombing

Preventing honeycombing involves several best practices during the construction process:

Ensure thorough mixing to achieve a uniform consistency of the concrete.
Properly compact the concrete using mechanical vibrators to eliminate air pockets and ensure a dense, solid structure.
Use appropriate pouring techniques to distribute the concrete evenly and avoid gaps.
Maintain the correct water-cement ratio to achieve the desired workability and compaction.
Regularly inspect and adjust the pour to address any issues promptly and maintain the quality of the concrete.
Plan proper reinforcement placement to prevent obstructing the concrete's flow during pouring or shifting during curing.
Ensure formwork is sound to prevent concrete seepage and the creation of voids.
Regulate the concrete curing process to ensure a smooth and durable slab.

Implementing these preventive measures can significantly reduce the risk of honeycombing and ensure a strong, durable concrete structure.

How To Fix Honeycombing In Concrete

If honeycombing occurs, it must be repaired promptly to prevent further damage and restore the strength and appearance of the concrete, ensuring its longevity and performance. While small areas may be able to be fixed by DIY enthusiasts, hiring a professional for concrete repair services for medium or large honeycombing is imperative for ensuring a reliable fix. Here are the general steps involved in repairing honeycombing in concrete:

Clean the affected area by removing any loose or damaged concrete and debris.
Apply a bonding agent to ensure proper adhesion between the existing concrete and the repair material.
Fill the voids and restore the integrity of the concrete using a suitable repair material, such as non-shrink grout or epoxy mortar.
Compact the repair material properly to eliminate air pockets and achieve a smooth finish.
Cure the repaired area by keeping it moist and protected from extreme temperatures to ensure proper hardening and bonding.

In some cases, especially when the affected area is a critical structural component like a supporting column, replacing the concrete is the best option to ensure the building's structural soundness. An experienced concrete inspection can help make that determination.

Don't wait until the damage worsens. Schedule an inspection and concrete repair quote today to address honeycombing and other concrete issues in your home. Reviewing all available foundation repair options will ensure you make an informed decision about the health of your home. Our experts will help you maintain a solid, durable foundation for decades. We service Nebraska and parts of Iowa, Kansas, and Missouri.

Masonry Foundations 101

Dave Epp — Fri, 19 Jul 2024 00:00:00 GMT

Masonry foundations are known for their durability and strength. Understanding the principles and techniques involved in creating and maintaining a sound masonry foundation is vital for ensuring the longevity and stability of any building. This guide will explore the fundamental aspects of masonry foundations, including their types, pros and cons, maintenance, and repair methods.

What Is A Masonry Foundation?

A masonry foundation is made from bricks, stones, concrete blocks, and similar products. It is renowned for its durability, strength, and ability to bear heavy loads. Masonry foundations are commonly used in residential and commercial construction, providing a stable building base.

What Are the Different Types Of Masonry Foundations?

Masonry Strip Foundation

A masonry strip foundation is a continuous strip of masonry that spreads the weight of a load-bearing wall across a larger area, providing uniform support and preventing cracks. This type of foundation features a broad base that gradually narrows as it extends upward, ensuring an even weight distribution across a large area. Primarily used in residential buildings, this type of foundation is particularly suitable for structures with relatively low load-bearing requirements. It is ideal for areas where the soil quality is good and stable. It is straightforward to construct and offers excellent stability for small to medium-sized buildings.

Masonry Spread (Isolated) Footing

Masonry spread or isolated footings are individual footings placed beneath structural columns or piers to distribute their loads to the ground. These footings are usually square or rectangular and are designed to spread the structure's weight on areas with adequate bearing capacity. This type of foundation is common in residential constructions with basements, where it ensures the load is effectively transferred to the subsoil.

Stepped Masonry Footing

Stepped masonry footings, a particular type of strip footings, are used on sloped or uneven terrain. This type of footing is constructed in a series of horizontal steps rather than a single inclined plane. Stepped footings ensure that each part of the foundation properly aligns with the slope, providing stability and preventing uneven settlement.

Masonry Inverted Arch Foundation

The masonry inverted arch foundation is a unique foundation system characterized by arches constructed with concave sides facing downward. These foundations are typically used in areas with low soil-bearing capacity. The arch shape efficiently distributes the load to the ground, minimizing differential settlement. Due to its complexity, this type of foundation is less common in modern construction but can still be found in historic or specialized structures.

What Is the Difference Between Concrete And Masonry?

While both concrete and masonry are fundamental in construction, they have distinct characteristics:

Composition:
- Concrete combines cement, water, and aggregates like sand, gravel, or crushed stone.
- Masonry involves building structures from individual units, such as bricks, stones, or concrete blocks, bonded with mortar.
Installation:
- Concrete foundations are poured and formed in molds.
- Masonry foundations are assembled piece by piece, and each unit is laid and bonded together.
Strength and Durability:
- Both are highly durable but excel in different areas. Poured concrete foundations tend to be more resistant to damage from hydrostatic pressure, whereas masonry offers superior load-bearing capabilities.
Aesthetic Appeal:
- Masonry provides a more traditional, textured look, while concrete offers a smoother, modern appearance.

Is A Block Or Masonry Foundation Better Than A Poured Concrete Foundation?

Choosing between a block or masonry foundation and a poured concrete foundation depends on various factors, making neither inherently better. Both foundation types have their respective advantages and disadvantages. Masonry foundations are more cost-effective, provide greater design flexibility, and have a superior load-bearing capacity. On the other hand, poured concrete foundations can be installed more quickly, are more resistant to damage from environmental factors, and provide modern uniformity in design. Ultimately, the decision between a block or masonry foundation and a poured concrete foundation should be based on a thorough evaluation of the site's specific conditions, structural demands, aesthetic preferences, and budgetary considerations. Consulting with a professional engineer or architect can help determine your project's most suitable foundation type. Having common foundation types explained by a professional can help clarify why masonry was chosen for your specific home and what its unique maintenance requirements will be.

Pros And Cons Of Masonry Foundations

When deciding whether to use a masonry foundation for your construction project, weighing its advantages and disadvantages is essential. Understanding these factors can help you make an informed decision that aligns with your project's needs and circumstances. Consider the following pros and cons:

Pros:

Durability: Extremely long-lasting and resistant to natural wear and tear.
Load-bearing Capacity: Can support heavy structures effectively.
Fire Resistance: Offer high resistance to fire.

Cons:

Cost: Generally more expensive than other foundation types, like monolithic slabs.
Installation Time: Requires skilled labor and more time for installation.
Maintenance: May need periodic maintenance to address cracks or mortar deterioration.

How To Maintain A Masonry Foundation

Proper maintenance of a masonry foundation is crucial for ensuring its long-term performance and stability. Here are some essential steps to help you keep your masonry foundation in top condition:

1. Regular Inspections:

Conduct thorough inspections at least once a year to identify any signs of damage, such as cracks, bulging, or water infiltration. Using a professional foundation inspection checklist ensures you don't miss critical mortar joints or drainage issues during your walkthrough.
Pay close attention to the mortar joints, which can deteriorate over time and compromise the foundation's integrity.

2. Address Cracks Promptly:

Small cracks can quickly become more significant problems if left unattended. Repair minor cracks with a suitable masonry crack filler as soon as they're noticed.
It may be necessary to consult a professional for proper repair and reinforcement for larger or more significant cracks.

3. Maintain Proper Drainage:

Ensure that the soil around your foundation slopes away from the building to prevent water from pooling near the base.
Clean gutters and downspouts regularly to direct rainwater away from the foundation, reducing the risk of water infiltration and erosion.
Install a drainage system to prevent soil over-saturation near the foundation.

4. Control Vegetation:

Keep plants, shrubs, and trees at a reasonable distance from the foundation to prevent root intrusion and moisture retention near the masonry.
Remove any vegetation that poses a risk to the foundation's stability.

5. Seal and Waterproof:

Consider installing a vapor barrier or membrane on the interior or exterior of the foundation to prevent moisture-related issues.

6. Professional Assessments:

Professional inspections can help you catch problems early and take corrective action before they become serious.

By following these steps, you can effectively maintain your masonry foundation and extend its lifespan, ensuring the lasting stability and safety of your building.

Signs Of Foundational Damage In Masonry Construction

Homeowners must recognize early foundation repair damage signs to prevent costly repairs later. Look out for: cracks in masonry walls, such as horizontal or stair-step patterns in the block or brickwork, which often indicate external soil pressure or shifting.

Cracks in Walls or Floors: Horizontal or stair-step cracks in masonry walls or vertical cracks wider than 1/10 inch.
Uneven or Sagging Floors: Noticeable slope or bounce in flooring.
Sticking Doors and Windows: Difficulty in opening or closing, indicating shifting foundations.
Water Damage: Persistent dampness, musty odors, mold, or water pooling near the foundation.
Bowing or Leaning Walls: Walls bulging inward or outward.

Standard Repair Methods For Masonry Foundations

Promptly addressing foundation issues can save homeowners from extensive structural damage and costly repairs. There are several masonry foundation repair options available, ranging from exterior waterproofing to structural piering. Here are standard foundation repair methods for masonry foundations:

Crack Injection: Foam is injected into cracks to prevent water intrusion.
Helical and Push Piers: In cases where foundations are experiencing differential settlement, steel piers are driven into the soil until they reach stable strata and are connected to the foundation to stabilize the structure, with lift attempted where conditions allow.
Wall Anchors: Used to reinforce and stabilize bowing walls, these structural supports provide stability and prevent further deterioration. They ensure that walls remain upright and secure, effectively addressing any issues related to hydrostatic pressure or foundation shifts.
Wall Straps and Supports: An effective method for stabilizing bowing or leaning masonry walls. These steel beams or carbon fiber straps are secured vertically along the interior surface of the wall, helping to support and stabilize the structure.

Masonry foundations offer robust support and timeless appeal for any home. Understanding their types, benefits, and potential issues is essential for proper maintenance and longevity. If you suspect any problems with your masonry foundation, schedule your free inspection and repair quote today! With over 30 years of experience, we proudly service clients throughout Nebraska, Iowa, Kansas, and Missouri.

10 Creative and Effective Sump Pump Discharge Ideas

Dave Epp — Thu, 11 Jul 2024 00:00:00 GMT

A sump pump is crucial in many homes, especially those prone to flooding or areas with a high water table. But what do you do with the water once it's pumped out? This blog post explores ten creative sump pump discharge ideas to help homeowners manage excess water efficiently and attractively.

What is a Sump Pump, and How Does it Work?

A sump pump is a device installed in the lowest part of a basement or crawl space, typically in a sump pit, as part of a waterproofing system. Its primary function is to prevent flooding by collecting excess water from the soil away from your home and safely discharging it from the foundation. For a more detailed breakdown, you can read our sump pump installation guide to see how the float switch and motor interact. When the water level in the pit reaches a certain point, the sump pump activates and pumps the water out through a discharge pipe to a designated drainage area.

Where Should a Sump Pump Drain Water?

The water discharged by your sump pump should be directed at least 10 feet away from your home's foundation to prevent soil erosion, basement or crawl space flooding, foundation damage, and the sump pump's overworking due to recycling the excess water. The water can be discharged above or below the ground and into your yard. Understanding sump pump discharge basics is essential for ensuring the system remains efficient and the pit is properly protected from debris. If local laws permit, you may also discharge the water into a nearby storm drain.

When choosing a discharge location, following local codes and regulations is essential. Most codes prohibit water discharge into septic and sewer systems or near streets, sidewalks, and neighboring properties. If the system is not up to code, you may be liable to repair any damage caused to other properties by your discharge, and the home will be flagged during the inspection process if you want to sell the house.

It is also critical to factor in the slope of your yard when choosing a discharge location. Ideally, a discharge line should be installed at an angle to allow gravity to carry the water away from the foundation and prevent the pipe from freezing. However, if your yard is flat and regrading is not viable, an ice guard and a landscape bubble pot can be installed. An ice guard prevents sump pump discharge lines from freezing during cold weather. It is typically installed at the end of the discharge pipe and allows water to flow even if the end of the pipe is blocked with ice. Landscape bubble pots are partially buried in the ground and attached to the end of the discharge pipe. As water is pumped out, it collects in the pot and then gently overflows into the surrounding soil, allowing for gradual absorption.

Should You Bury Your Sump Pump Discharge Pipe?

Burying your sump pump discharge pipe can effectively manage the water without creating an eyesore or trip hazard, facilitate lawn maintenance, and minimize potential blockages. However, there are several factors to consider before burying the pipe:

Local Regulations: Ensure that burying the pipe complies with local building codes and regulations.
Proper Installation: Ensure the pipe is buried at least one foot below the frost line to prevent freezing and has a slight slope to facilitate water flow.
Maintenance Access: Ensure you can still access the pipe for maintenance and cleaning to prevent clogs and blockages.

How Do You Winterize Sump Pump Discharge?

Winterizing your sump pump discharge is essential to prevent freezing and ensure the system operates efficiently throughout the colder months. Reviewing a comprehensive sump pump maintenance guide will help you keep the entire system in top shape as temperatures drop. Here are some steps to winterize your sump pump discharge:

Insulate the Pipe: Use foam insulation or heat tape to keep the discharge pipe from freezing.
Adjust the Pipe's Angle: A gradual downward slope will facilitate water flow and prevent water accumulation that can freeze into blockages.
Elevate the Outlet: Ensure the discharge outlet is raised above the typical snow level to prevent blockage.
Install an Ice Guard: Consider installing an ice guard to ensure water flow despite a potential ice blockage.

10 Creative Sump Pump Discharge Ideas

The best yard drainage systems should seamlessly integrate into your landscaping. Here are ten creative and effective sump pump discharge ideas to help you manage excess water:

1. Paint the Pipe

Paint your sump pump discharge pipe to blend with your home's exterior or landscaping to provide a bit of camouflage. However, be careful that it will not become a trip hazard or accidentally damaged during lawn maintenance.

2. Bury the Pipe

Burying the discharge pipe is a practical solution to keep it out of sight. Ensure proper installation to prevent freezing and facilitate easy maintenance.

3. Direct into a Storm Drain (If Local Laws Permit)

If local regulations allow, directing the sump pump discharge into a storm drain can efficiently manage excess water. Always check with local authorities before proceeding.

4. Build a False Wall

Construct a false wall or barrier to conceal the discharge pipe. This can be an attractive feature that blends seamlessly with your landscaping or home design.

5. Build an Enclosure

Create a small enclosure to hide the discharge pipe. This can keep the pipe out of sight while providing easy maintenance access. Design possibilities vary, from a decorative seating area to a potting bench or faux rocks.

6. Use Decorative Landscaping

Incorporate the discharge pipe into your landscaping design with decorative elements like rocks, shrubs, or flower beds. This can make the pipe a natural part of your garden.

7. Design a Rain Garden

A rain garden is a planted depression that allows rainwater runoff to be absorbed and filtered by the soil and vegetation. This method not only manages water effectively but also supports local wildlife and improves the overall beauty of your landscape. Choose native plants that thrive in wet conditions for the rain garden to ensure it requires minimal maintenance and provides a habitat for local insects and birds.

8. Create a Dry Well

A dry well is an underground structure specifically engineered to collect and disperse excess water, typically rainwater or runoff. Dry wells prevent flooding and soil erosion by allowing water to percolate slowly into the surrounding soil. They are practical and environmentally friendly, as they promote natural groundwater recharge and reduce the burden on stormwater systems.

9. Attach to a Rain Barrel

Connect the discharge pipe to a rain barrel to collect and reuse the water for gardening or other purposes. This eco-friendly option can help conserve water.

10. Create a Water Feature

Design a water feature like a pond, fountain, or waterfall that uses the sump pump discharge. This can be a stunning addition to your landscape and a practical solution for excess water.

What to Avoid When Installing a Sump Pump Discharge Line

When installing your sump pump discharge line, avoid these common pitfalls:

Direct Discharge Near Foundation: Never discharge water directly next to your home's foundation. Doing so can lead to erosion, flooding in your basement or crawl space, and excessive wear and tear on your sump pump.
Insufficient Slope: Ensure the discharge pipe has a proper slope to facilitate water flow and prevent blockages.
Ignoring Local Regulations: Always check and comply with local building codes and regulations when installing your sump pump discharge line.
Lack of Maintenance: Regularly inspect and maintain the discharge pipe to prevent clogs and ensure efficient operation.

If you are considering DIY solutions for your sump pump discharge, we encourage you to read the article "Why DIY Foundation Waterproofing Is a Bad Idea" before attempting to tackle such a project. While we fully recognize that some of the creative solutions mentioned can be accomplished by a skilled DIY enthusiast, such as designing a rain garden or building a false wall, the actual installation of the sump pump and drainage pipe should be left to a professional to ensure the system is built to code and functions optimally.

A well-designed sump pump discharge system is essential for protecting your home from water damage. By implementing these creative and practical ideas, you can manage excess water efficiently while enhancing the visual appeal of your property.

Ready to take the next step? Contact our expert team today to schedule a quote for a custom drainage system and sump pump installation. Professional drainage solutions are one of the most effective ways to prevent basement flooding and protect your home's foundation. We have over 30 years of experience and are eager to serve you. Our service area includes Nebraska and parts of Iowa, Kansas, and Missouri.

How to Get Rid of Moisture From Under Your House

Dave Epp — Tue, 09 Jul 2024 00:00:00 GMT

The area beneath your house, known as the crawl space, often goes unnoticed and neglected. However, it plays a crucial role in the overall health of your home. Moisture accumulation in this area can lead to significant problems, including structural damage and health issues. If you're a homeowner dealing with a wet crawl space, this guide will provide the essential steps to permanently eliminate moisture and maintain a dry and healthy home environment.

Why You Shouldn't Ignore a Wet Crawl Space

Ignoring moisture in your crawl space can have dire consequences. Here is why it is essential to address the issue promptly:

Structural Damage: Constant exposure to moisture can weaken wooden beams and supports, leading to sagging floors and costly repairs.
Mold Growth: Damp environments are breeding grounds for mold and mildew, which can cause respiratory and other health problems.
Pest Infestation: Insects and rodents are attracted to moist areas, increasing the risk of infestations.
Reduced Indoor Air Quality: Moisture and mold in the crawl space can affect the air quality inside your home, leading to musty odors and potential health hazards.
Elevated Radon Levels: Moisture in the crawl space can exacerbate the presence of radon gas, a colorless and odorless radioactive gas that seeps into homes from the soil.
Decreased Energy Efficiency: Moisture increases humidity and makes your insulation materials less effective, forcing your heating and cooling systems to work harder to maintain a comfortable indoor climate. This extra load can result in higher energy bills and unnecessary wear and tear on your HVAC system.

Signs of Moisture Under the House

Identifying moisture in your crawl space is the first step toward addressing the issue. Remember that moisture encompasses all forms of water, not just visible pooling or flooding. Even elevated humidity levels can harm your crawl space. If you notice any of the following signs, it is time to take action to eliminate the moisture under your home:

Musty Odors: Persistent musty smells in your home or crawl space can indicate mold or mildew growth.
Condensation: Water droplets on pipes, walls, or floors in the crawl space or your home suggests high humidity levels.
Wood Rot: Decaying wooden structures indicate prolonged moisture exposure.
Rust: Metal components such as pipes, supports, or vents displaying rust or corrosion signal a persistent moisture problem that needs immediate attention.
Warped Floors: If your floors are buckling, warping, or becoming uneven, this could indicate excessive moisture in the crawl space, causing the wooden flooring above to swell and distort.
Increased Pest Activity: A sudden influx of pests may indicate a damp crawl space.
Visible Mold: Mold growth on surfaces within the crawl space is a telltale sign of excess moisture.

Knowing these signs can help you quickly identify and address issues before they escalate. With timely intervention, you can prevent severe damage to your home and ensure a healthier living environment.

How Does Water Enter the Crawl Space?

Understanding how water infiltrates your crawl space can help you prevent future problems. Common ways water can enter include:

Poor Drainage: Ineffective drainage systems or a poorly graded yard can lead to water pooling near the foundation.
High Water Table: Areas with a naturally high water table are prone to moisture issues in crawl spaces.
Plumbing Problem: Broken or leaking pipes within or near the crawl space can increase moisture levels.
Flooding: Heavy rainfall can lead to surface water flooding, which may seep into the crawl space if the soil around the foundation cannot adequately absorb or divert the excess water.
Below-Grade Issues: If the crawl space is below grade, meaning it is located below the soil surrounding your home, it is more susceptible to water intrusion from the surrounding soil, especially in areas with poor soil drainage or during periods of heavy rain.

Fortunately, there are proactive steps you can take to safeguard your home against moisture infiltration. Let's explore them now.

8 Steps to Permanently Get Rid of Moisture in Your Crawl Space

1. Inspection

Conduct a thorough inspection of your crawl space to assess the extent of the moisture problem. Look for signs of water entry, staining, standing water, mold growth, and structural damage. Call an expert for a more thorough investigation if you notice any such signs.

2. Remove Standing Water

Use a wet/dry vacuum or a sump pump to remove standing water from the crawl space. This immediate action will prevent further damage and mold growth.

3. Clean the Crawl Space

Once the standing water is removed, clean the crawl space to eliminate any existing mold, mildew, or debris. Use appropriate cleaning solutions and protective gear to ensure safety.

4. Install a Drainage System with a Sump Pump

Install a drainage system with a sump pump to effectively remove moisture from the soil surrounding your home. This system collects and removes water, keeping the crawl space dry even during heavy rains. One of the most effective drainage systems is a crawl space drain tile system.

5. Encapsulate

A crawl space encapsulation involves sealing the crawl space with a vapor barrier and sealing all vents to prevent moisture from entering. This barrier covers the floors, walls, and sometimes the ceiling of the crawl space, creating a controlled environment.

6. Consider Insulation

Adding insulation to your crawl space can help regulate temperature and reduce humidity. Insulation also provides an extra layer of protection against moisture infiltration.

7. Install a Dehumidifier

Once encapsulated, a dehumidifier maintains optimal humidity levels, preventing mold growth and structural damage. Without encapsulation, the dehumidifier would overwork, attempting to circulate outside air, diminishing its effectiveness and potentially leading to higher energy consumption.

8. Reduce Moisture in the Soil

Clean Gutters: Regularly clean and maintain your gutters to prevent water overflow and pooling near the foundation.
Install Downspout Extensions: Extend your crawl space downspouts to direct water away from the foundation, reducing the risk of seepage.
Regrade Yard: Ensure the yard slopes away from the house to facilitate proper drainage and prevent water accumulation near the foundation.
Careful Landscaping: Avoid planting trees and shrubs near the foundation to prevent overwatering or root damage. Such plants can be placed further in the yard to absorb excess water during heavy rains and prevent the water from reaching the crawl space.

Why Should You Hire a Professional to Encapsulate Your Crawl Space?

While some homeowners may attempt DIY encapsulation, hiring a professional ensures the job is done correctly and efficiently. Without professional cleaning, materials, and installation, weak points in the vapor barrier can emerge, allowing moisture to seep through. Moisture trapped behind these barriers creates an ideal environment for mold to thrive.

Inadequate encapsulation fails to address existing moisture problems and may inadvertently exacerbate them, leading to extensive structural damage and health hazards over time.

Professionals have the tools and expertise to seal your crawl space and address any underlying issues effectively, giving you peace of mind that your crawl space will remain dry and protected.

Don't let moisture in your crawl space compromise your home's integrity and your family's health. Schedule an inspection and get a professional encapsulation quote from Epp Concrete today. Our team of experts will help you create a dry, healthy, and comfortable home environment. We service Nebraska and parts of Iowa, Missouri, and Kansas.

Are Footing Drains Effective Drainage Solutions?

Dave Epp — Fri, 05 Jul 2024 00:00:00 GMT

Effective drainage solutions are crucial for protecting your home from water damage. Footing drains are among the various methods available, and they are among the most common. But are they truly effective? This blog post will explore the intricacies of footing drains, their advantages and drawbacks, how to identify issues, maintenance tips, and possible alternatives. By the end, you'll better understand whether footing drains are the right solution for your home.

Why does a home need a drainage system?

A home needs a drainage system to prevent water from accumulating around the foundation, which can cause numerous problems. Excess water can lead to soil erosion, basement flooding, and structural damage. By diverting water away from the foundation, a drainage system helps maintain the home's structural integrity, prevents mold and mildew growth, and ensures a dry and healthy living environment. Adequate drainage is essential for protecting your investment and safeguarding your home's longevity. For a comprehensive look at your options, you can consult our basement drainage system guide to see which configuration best fits your property.

What is a Footing Drain?

A footing drain is a type of drainage system consisting of a perforated pipe surrounded by gravel installed around the perimeter of a building's foundation where the footers are, hence the name. Its purpose is to intercept and divert water from the foundation. Footing drains may also be referred to as foundation drains or perimeter drains. Understanding the different names can help when consulting with contractors or researching drainage solutions, ensuring you find the most effective method for your home's needs.

How It Works

When it rains, water seeps into the ground and can accumulate around your home's foundation. A footing drain works by intercepting this water before it can cause damage. The perforated pipe, installed at the base of the foundation, collects excess water. Surrounding the pipe with gravel helps filter out debris and provide additional drainage. The collected water is then directed away from the foundation through the pipe, either to a storm drain, a dry well, or another designated drainage area.

Interior vs. Exterior Footing Drains

Footing drains can be installed either inside or outside the foundation wall:

Exterior Footing Drains: These are installed outside the foundation wall at the base. They are designed to capture groundwater before it can enter your home.
Interior Footing Drains: Located inside the foundation wall, these drains are usually placed along the edge of the basement floor. They collect water that has already infiltrated the basement and typically direct it to a sump pump. These interior drainage solutions are often preferred for existing homes because they don't require massive exterior excavation.

Are Footing Drains Effective Drainage Solutions?

Before determining if footing drains are effective, one must review the advantages and drawbacks:

Pros:

Water Diversion: Effectively channels water away from the foundation, reducing the risk of basement flooding.
Foundation Protection: Prevents water from accumulating around the foundation, thereby reducing hydrostatic pressure and potential structural damage.
Versatility: Can be used in new construction or retrofitted to existing homes.

Cons:

Installation Complexity: Installing footing drains, particularly exterior ones, can be invasive and labor-intensive. Also, the pipes will be prone to clogging if not installed correctly.
Cost: The installation and maintenance costs can be high, especially for exterior systems.
Clogging: Over time, dirt, silt, and other debris can accumulate in the perforated pipe and the surrounding gravel, obstructing water flow and rendering the drainage system ineffective. Proper installation with a suitable filtering mechanism can reduce the risk, but regular inspections and periodic maintenance are crucial to prevent clogging and ensure the system continues functioning as intended.
Requires Proper Slope or Sump Pump: For a footing drain system to function effectively, the drainage pipes must have a proper slope to facilitate the natural flow of water away from the foundation. In cases where natural drainage is inadequate, a sump pump may be necessary to push water out of the footing drain system.

Conclusion: It Can Work, But Not Always the Most Effective

While footing drains can effectively manage water around your home's foundation, they are not always the most efficient or cost-effective solution. Implementing a strategy to prevent basement flooding often requires a multi-layered approach involving gutters, grading, and proper drainage. Factors such as soil type, landscape, and the extent of existing water issues can impact their effectiveness. Consulting with a foundation waterproofing expert is vital in determining the best solution for your home.

What are the Alternatives to Footing Drains?

If you find that footing drains are not the best solution for your needs, consider these alternatives:

French Drains: French drains provide a flexible and cost-effective alternative for managing water drainage around your property. They are instrumental when footing drains are not feasible or necessary. These systems consist of a perforated pipe laid in a gravel-filled trench, then covered with breathable fabric to prevent soil from clogging the pipe. Like footing drains, French drains are designed to redirect water away from problem areas but are typically installed farther away from the foundation. Their versatility allows them to be implemented in various landscape settings to address pooling water, soggy lawns, and other drainage issues.

Drain Tile: Drain tile is another effective drainage solution, particularly for managing groundwater around the foundation of a home. A drain tile system typically includes a perforated pipe lined along the base of the foundation walls, similar to footing drains. These pipes are placed in a gravel-filled trench and connected to a sump pump system to remove water collected by the pipe. The primary difference between drain tile and footing drains is their application and effectiveness in various soil conditions. Drain tile systems are especially beneficial in areas with high groundwater levels or where soil saturation is a frequent concern. Properly installed and maintained, drain tile systems can provide long-term protection against water damage and help maintain a dry, stable foundation.
Vapor Barrier: Interior and exterior vapor barriers shield your foundation from moisture, reducing the risk of cracks, flooding, mold growth, and structural damage.
Grading: Adjusting the slope of the land around your foundation so that water flows away from the house will ensure proper drainage and prevent water from pooling near your home. However, depending on the soil type or climate where you live, this is often best done in conjunction with installing a drainage system.
Gutter and Downspout Extensions: Keeping gutters clean and extending downspouts away from the foundation is crucial to effectively diverting roof runoff. This helps prevent water from pooling around the base of the building, which can lead to erosion, basement flooding, and other moisture-related issues.
Landscaping: A well-designed landscape includes swales, rain gardens, and strategically placed shrubs and trees. Swales are shallow, vegetated channels that direct stormwater runoff away from high-risk areas, while rain gardens are planted depressions that absorb and filter rainwater. Furthermore, strategically placed shrubs and trees can intercept rainfall and provide additional ground stability without risking overwatering near the house's perimeter or tree roots disturbing the foundation.

How Can You Identify a Faulty or Clogged Footing Drain?

Recognizing the signs of a malfunctioning footing drain is essential to protect your home from water damage:

Water Pooling: Water accumulation around the foundation or in your basement.
Damp Spots: Persistent damp spots or water stains on basement walls or floors.
Mold and Mildew: Growth of mold or mildew in the basement, indicating excess moisture.
Musty Odor: A musty smell in the basement, often caused by standing water and mold.

If you notice any of these signs, promptly addressing the issue is crucial to prevent further damage.

How to Maintain a Footing Drain

Proper maintenance is critical to ensuring your footing drain operates effectively:

Regular Inspections: Check the drain system at least once a year for any signs of clogging or damage.
Cleaning: Use a drain snake or hydro-jetting to clear any blockages in the pipe.
Check the Sump Pump: If you have an interior footing drain, ensure the sump pump functions appropriately and is debris-free.
Monitor Landscaping: Ensure that the landscape around your home slopes away from the foundation to prevent water from pooling near the footing drain.

If maintaining your footing drain seems daunting, consider hiring a professional for an annual inspection and cleaning.

Protecting your home from water damage is essential for maintaining its structural integrity and value. If you're unsure about the best drainage solution for your home, our team of experts is here to help. Contact us today to schedule a quote to install a foundation waterproofing and drainage system. Let us help you find the most effective way to keep your home dry and safe. We service Nebraska and parts of Iowa, Kansas, and Missouri.

What are the Signs of Foundation Heave?

Dave Epp — Tue, 02 Jul 2024 00:00:00 GMT

Foundation heave is when the ground under your house pushes up and it can seriously damage your home. Foundation heave often happens in places with soil that expands when wet and in climates with significant changes in moisture levels. Spotting the signs can save you a lot of money and keep your home safe. We'll look at the signs of foundation heave, explain how it's different from foundation settlement, and what you can do to fix or prevent it.

Signs of Foundation Heave

Foundation heave shows up in several straightforward ways. Knowing these signs can help you fix problems before they get worse. Here's what to look for:

Cracked Walls and Floors: The most unmistakable signs of foundation heave are visible cracks in your walls and floors. These cracks usually appear in specific patterns, like stair-step cracks in brick walls or horizontal cracks in concrete walls. You might also notice floor cracks that appear overnight, meaning the soil under your foundation is swelling and pushing everything upward.
Cracks in Foundation Slabs: Cracks in the foundation slab are a clear sign of heave. These cracks can be big or small and often occur when the slabs lift or separate. Checking your foundation for these cracks can help you spot problems early on.
Interior Wall Cracks: Interior wall cracks, particularly those that appear suddenly and without apparent cause, can signal foundation heave. These cracks are typically wider at the top and narrow towards the bottom, indicating that the foundation is lifting unevenly.
Uneven or Bulging Floors: When the ground under a house swells, it can make the floors uneven or bulgy, usually in basements and ground floors. If you see parts of your floor higher than others or a noticeable bulge, it could mean you have foundation heave.
Sticking Doors and Windows: Foundation heave can mess up the structure of your house, causing doors and windows to stick or be hard to open and close. This happens because the foundation shifts and warps the frames. If you notice several doors and windows sticking, it's time to look into it or get a foundation inspection.
Gaps Around Doors and Windows: You might also notice gaps around doors and windows because the foundation is lifting unevenly, making the frames pull away from the walls. This can be a big problem because it lets drafts in and makes your home less energy efficient.
Tilting or Leaning Chimneys: If your chimney starts to lean away from the house, it's a big warning sign for foundation heave. Chimneys are heavy, so they're more likely to move when the ground beneath them expands. A leaning chimney is dangerous and needs fixing right away.
Bowed Walls: Bowed walls, especially in basements, are a common sign of foundation heave. The pressure from the expanding soil can push the walls inward. This intense issue puts a lot of stress on your home's foundation and needs to be fixed quickly to avoid more damage.
Water Pooling Around the Foundation: Too much water collecting around your home's foundation can expand the soil and push up against the house. Lousy drainage and heavy rain can wet the soil, causing it to swell even more.
Misaligned Molding and Trim: If the molding and trim in your home don't line up correctly or it looks like they're pulling away from the walls, it might be a sign of foundation heave.

Differences Between Foundation Heave and Settlement

Understanding the difference between foundation heave and foundation settlement is crucial for finding the right solution. Both issues involve the foundation moving, but they happen for different reasons and show different signs. Many common foundation repair signs in the Midwest stem from this tug-of-war between swelling and shrinking soils.

Causes of Foundation Heave

Foundation heave happens when the ground underneath your house starts to push upwards. This issue mainly occurs in areas where the soil is rich in clay. Clay-rich soil is unique because it can absorb much water like a sponge. When this soil gets wet, it swells up and expands. Imagine how a sponge grows when it soaks up water; the same thing happens to the clay soil, except it pushes upwards, lifting the foundation of your house with it.

Several factors can lead to this swelling of the soil:

Excessive Rainfall: When there is a lot of rain, the soil around your home can become saturated with water. Clay soil absorbs this water and expands. If there are periods of heavy rain or your area experiences frequent storms, the ground can swell significantly, causing your foundation to heave.
Poor Drainage: If the water around your home doesn't drain properly, it can pool around the foundation. The clay soil then absorbs this standing water, causing it to expand. Poor drainage can result from various issues, such as clogged gutters, downspouts that don't direct water away from your home, or landscaping that slopes towards your foundation instead of away from it.
Plumbing Leaks: Leaky pipes can cause water to seep into the soil beneath your home. Over time, even small leaks can lead to significant soil expansion. This is especially problematic if the leaks go unnoticed for a long time because the soil will continuously absorb water and swell.
Frost Heave: In colder climates, frost heave can occur when the ground freezes and thaws. This cycle can cause the soil to expand and contract, impacting the foundation.

If you live in an area with clay-rich soil, effectively managing the water around your home is crucial to preventing foundation problems.

Causes of Foundation Settlement

Foundation settlement, on the other hand, happens when the ground under a building's foundation gets compressed or loses water, causing the foundation to sink. Imagine the soil like a sponge again: when it's dry, it shrinks. Several things can cause this problem:

Drought Conditions: When there is a long period without rain, the soil dries and shrinks. This shrinkage reduces the support under the foundation, causing it to settle or sink.
Soil Compaction: Over time, the weight of the building and other structures can compress the soil beneath it. This compression makes the soil denser and causes the foundation to sink.
Breakdown of Organic Materials: Soil often contains organic materials like leaves and roots. As these materials decompose, they break down and leave gaps in the soil. These gaps reduce the soil's volume and strength, leading to the foundation settling.

When these factors are at play, the soil can't support the foundation as well as it used to, leading to noticeable sinking and other structural issues in the building. For a deeper look at the mechanics of sinking, our foundation settlement guide offers a detailed explanation of why soil loses its bearing capacity.

The symptoms of foundation settlement differ from those of heave. Foundation heave causes upward movement of the foundation, leading to cracks, bulging floors, and sticking doors. On the other hand, settlement results in a downward movement, causing vertical cracks, floors to sink, and gaps to appear at the top of walls.

Dealing with Foundation Heave

Taking action can prevent serious damage to your home from foundation heave. Here are some helpful steps:

Improving Drainage Systems

Ensuring your home has a sound drainage system is essential to stopping foundation heaving. Here's what you need to do:

Keep gutters and downspouts clean and working well: Regularly clean out leaves and debris from your gutters so water can flow through them quickly. Ensure downspouts are connected and direct water at least ten feet away from your house.
Install French drains: These underground pipes help move water away from your home. They collect water from the ground and send it to a safe place that won't affect your foundation.
Grade your yard: Ensure the ground around your house slopes away from the foundation. This way, rainwater will flow away from your home instead of pooling around the base. You can use a shovel and some soil to adjust the slope if needed.

Soil Moisture Control

Keeping the soil around your house from swelling too much is essential to avoid foundation problems. You can do this by managing how much water the soil gets. Here are some ways to control soil moisture effectively:

Watering Smartly (Irrigation Management): Ensure you're watering your garden and lawn just the right amount. Too much water can swell the soil and push against your home's foundation. Use a sprinkler system with timers and sensors to adjust the watering schedule based on the weather. During rainy periods, reduce the amount of watering to prevent the soil from getting too saturated.
Installing Root Barriers: Plant roots, especially from large trees, can suck up a lot of water, causing the soil to dry out and shrink. Then, when it rains, the soil swells up again. To stop this from happening, you can put in root barriers. These barriers are placed around your house to keep tree roots from getting too close and affecting the soil moisture levels.
Using Moisture Barriers: Moisture barriers are materials you place around the foundation of your house to stop water from getting into the soil. These can be plastic sheets or other waterproof materials that prevent rainwater from seeping into the ground right next to your foundation.
Inspect and repair plumbing leaks promptly to prevent water from seeping into the soil.

Foundation Underpinning

If your house has a profound foundation heaving issue, consider underpinning it. Underpinning is like giving your house extra support by building more muscular legs underneath it. This process involves digging deeper, more stable soil layers and extending your foundation to that level. Exploring professional foundation repair solutions like push piers or helical piers can provide the permanent stability your home needs. By doing this, you anchor your house to more solid ground, which helps keep it steady and prevents any further movement or shifting.

Regular Foundation Inspections

Imagine your home as a living being that needs regular check-ups to stay in good shape. Just like you see a doctor to catch any health issues early, having your home inspected regularly by a professional can help spot problems before they become serious.

During an inspection, professionals look for signs of trouble. Regular inspections can catch these issues early, allowing you to fix them before they become major, expensive repairs. So, consider it an investment in keeping your home safe for the long haul.

Engaging Professional Help

If you think your house might have foundation damage, it's essential to call a professional foundation repair company. These experts know what to look for and can determine how bad the damage is. They'll check everything out and then tell you the best way to fix it so you can implement the appropriate repair solutions. It is best to consult a foundation repair specialist for an accurate cost estimate.

Understanding the signs of foundation heave is key to protecting your home from significant damage. Improving drainage, managing soil moisture, or getting help from a pro can all make a big difference. By paying attention and taking action, you can reduce the impact of foundation heave and keep your home sturdy.

Do you think your foundation might be heaving? Contact us to book an evaluation. If there's an issue, we'll also give you a repair estimate. Since 1994, we've been helping people in Lincoln, Omaha, Kearney (Nebraska), Missouri, and Northeastern Kansas with foundation repair, basement waterproofing, crawl space encapsulation, and concrete leveling for their homes.

10 Powerful Repair Options for Wing Walls to Enhance Structural Integrity

Dave Epp — Fri, 28 Jun 2024 00:00:00 GMT

Wing walls, the unsung heroes of bridges and culverts, play a crucial role in supporting these structures and directing the flow of water or soil. They are the silent guardians, helping to maintain the integrity of the surrounding infrastructure. Over time, these walls can suffer damage due to environmental factors, wear and tear, or accidents leading to deterioration. Fortunately, there is a range of powerful repair options that have proven to be effective in addressing these issues. We will delve into these different repair options for wing walls, from simple crack repairs to advanced structural reinforcements.

Understanding Wing Walls

Wing walls, the unsung heroes of bridges, are not just sturdy sidewalls. They are the first line of defense against soil erosion, keeping the soil in place and providing extra stability to the bridge. These walls are crucial because they prevent soil erosion and support the bridge's overall structure.

Here's a breakdown to help you understand wing walls better:

Purpose: The wing walls hold the soil around the bridge, ensuring it doesn't wash away or collapse. This stability is vital for the bridge's safety and longevity.
Materials: They can be made from concrete, masonry (bricks or blocks), and stone. The choice of material depends on the design and location of the bridge.
Construction: Wing walls are usually constructed at an angle to the bridge, extending from the ends to blend with the surrounding landscape. They are built to withstand environmental factors like water flow, soil pressure, and weather conditions.

Understanding how wing walls are built and their role is the first step in identifying and addressing repair needs.

Common Causes of Damage to Wing Walls

Wing walls can deteriorate over time due to several factors:

Environmental Exposure: Wing walls are constantly exposed to weather conditions. Rain can cause water damage, freeze-thaw cycles (where water freezes and thaws repeatedly) can create cracks, and temperature changes can make materials expand and contract. These weather conditions weaken the materials over time, making the walls more susceptible to damage.
Structural Loads: Wing walls often bear heavy loads from traffic and other weight on the structure they support. This constant pressure can cause stress on the walls. The stress from heavy loads can lead to cracks and structural weaknesses in the walls.
Poor Drainage: If the drainage system around the wing wall is inadequate, water can accumulate and seep into the structure. Water buildup can cause erosion, washing away the soil that supports the wall and weakening its foundation. It can also lead to water damage inside the wall itself.
Material Degradation: Materials like concrete and masonry used in wing walls can degrade over time due to natural wear and tear. As these materials break down, the wall's structural integrity decreases, making it less capable of supporting loads and resisting environmental stresses.

Understanding these common causes of damage helps you take preventive measures and underscores the importance of choosing the correct repair methods. The consequences of neglecting wing wall damage can be severe, compromising the safety and longevity of the entire bridge structure.

Signs of Wing Wall Deterioration

It's essential to catch damage early to prevent more significant problems. Regular inspections can help identify some common signs that your wing wall might need repairs:

Cracks and Fractures: If you see cracks on the wall's surface, it could mean deeper structural issues that need fixing.
Water Stains and Efflorescence: These signs show water getting into the wall. Water stains are discolored patches, and efflorescence resembles white, powdery deposits. Both suggest water damage, which can worsen over time.
Displacement or Bulging: If the wall appears to be shifting, leaning, or bulging, it's a sign of a severe structural problem that needs immediate attention. These issues often mirror foundation movement warning signs seen in residential structures, such as heave or settlement, which indicate the ground is shifting beneath the wall.
Spalling and Erosion: If chunks of the wall are breaking off or if you notice significant wear and erosion, it means the material is degrading and losing its strength.

Assessment and Inspection Methods

Before fixing a wing wall, we must figure out precisely what's wrong with it. Here are some ways we inspect and assess the damage:

Visual Inspection: This is the simplest method. Walk around the structure and look closely at the wing wall for any visible damage, such as cracks, chips, or signs of wear. It's a quick way to spot problems that need immediate attention.
Non-destructive Testing (NDT): These advanced techniques allow you to look inside the wall without harming it. It reveals problems you can't see with the naked eye, ensuring you don't miss anything critical.
- Ultrasonic Testing uses sound waves to detect internal flaws, similar to how a doctor uses ultrasound to look inside your body.
- Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) uses radar pulses to create subsurface images. It helps find hidden issues like voids or internal cracks.
Core Sampling involves drilling out small samples (cores) of the wall material to test their strength and composition in a lab. This gives you a detailed understanding of the wall's condition, including its strength and whether it's made of suitable materials.

We can get a clear and accurate picture of the damage using these proven inspection methods. This thorough assessment ensures you address all the issues and restore the wall's integrity. With this comprehensive understanding, you can confidently decide on the best way to repair the wing wall, knowing that reliable data backs your repair decisions.

Choosing the Right Repair Method

When fixing wing walls, selecting the best repair method involves considering several key factors. First, assess the type and extent of the damage. Small cracks might need a simple fix, but significant or structural issues require more intensive repairs.

Ensuring the repair materials are compatible with the existing construction is vital. For example, if your wing wall is made of concrete, you'll need compatible materials for the repair.

Simple repairs might be doable. However, more complicated issues, like structural damage, are best handled by professionals. Some repair methods are less effective than others, while others provide a longer-lasting fix. Repair costs vary based on the materials used, the labor involved, and the potential for long-term savings.

Hiring professionals involves labor costs, but they bring the expertise needed for complex repairs. Regular inspections should be conducted annually, with more frequent checks in areas prone to severe weather or heavy loads. Investing in quality repairs now can save money in the long run by preventing further damage and avoiding repeated fixes. Safety should always come first. If the repair involves working at heights, heavy lifting, or other risky activities, it's best to call in professionals.

Choosing the suitable repair method and whether to DIY or hire a pro ensures the repair is effective, safe, and within your budget.

Here are ten powerful repair options that can significantly enhance your wing walls' structural integrity and longevity. Understanding retaining wall repair basics is a great starting point for anyone looking to stabilize a sloped area or bridge abutment, ensuring your infrastructure remains safe and operational for many years:

1. Concrete Patching: Concrete patches are effective for repairing localized damage. This method involves cleaning the damaged area and applying a specialized concrete mix to fill cracks and surface damage. It is quick and cost-effective, suitable for minor damages, and restores the wall's appearance and functionality.

2. Steel Reinforcement: Installing steel bars, braces, or mesh can support the weakened wall. This significantly enhances strength and durability, making it ideal for high-stress areas.

3. Shotcrete Application: A high-velocity concrete spray covers and reinforces damaged sections. It provides a robust and durable repair, ideal for quickly and effectively covering large areas. A professional would use specialized equipment to spray concrete onto the surface, creating a new, durable layer.

4. Epoxy Injection: This method involves injecting epoxy resin into cracks to bond and seal them from the inside out. It creates a robust, waterproof seal that prevents further deterioration and is suitable for fine cracks and internal damage. For larger cracks, epoxy injection can bond the cracked sections together and restore structural integrity.

5. Carbon Fiber Wrapping: Carbon fiber wrapping is a non-intrusive advanced repair method. It involves wrapping the wing wall with carbon fiber sheets to add strength without adding significant weight. Solid and lightweight, it provides long-lasting reinforcement and is minimally invasive. Applying Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (FRP) Wrapping can increase the strength and stability of the wall without significantly changing its appearance. It's a highly effective solution for reinforcing weakened structures.

6. Grouting: Filling voids and cracks with grout to stabilize and strengthen the structure from within. Effective for addressing internal damage and improving overall stability, especially in porous or hollow areas.

7. Waterproofing Treatments: Water damage can be particularly challenging. Ensure proper drainage systems are in place. Applying waterproof coatings or membranes protects the wing wall from water infiltration. It prevents water damage, reduces freeze-thaw cycles, and extends the lifespan of the wing wall.

8. Cathodic Protection: Installing an electrical system to prevent corrosion of steel reinforcements within the concrete. Protects against rust and corrosion, extending the life of reinforced concrete structures.

9. Soil Stabilization: Using techniques like compaction grouting or soil nails to stabilize the soil around the wing walls. It prevents soil movement that can cause further damage to the structure, enhancing overall stability. This is particularly important because the link between soil movement and foundation damage is direct; if the ground isn't stable, the wall cannot stay in place.

10. Replacement of Damaged Sections: Removing and replacing severely damaged parts of the wing wall with new material. Ensures the most compromised areas are restored to original strength, providing a complete, long-lasting solution.

Secure Your Wing Walls Today

Don't wait to repair your wing walls. Our experienced team at Epp Foundation Repair is ready to provide a comprehensive inspection and permanent stabilization solution. We utilize a wide variety of foundation stabilization methods to ensure every project is handled with precision. We proudly serve Nebraska, Kansas, Iowa, and Missouri. Let us help you protect your infrastructure and extend the life of your wing walls. Reach out for a consultation and take the first step towards a more robust, safer structure.

Sill Plate 101: Frequently Asked Questions

Dave Epp — Tue, 25 Jun 2024 00:00:00 GMT

When it comes to your home's structural integrity, every component plays a crucial role. One often overlooked yet vitally important element is the sill plate. Whether you're a seasoned homeowner or a first-time buyer, understanding what a sill plate is, its significance, and how to detect and prevent damage can help you maintain and protect your property.

What is a Sill Plate?

A sill plate, also known as a mudsill or sole plate, is a horizontal piece of lumber that sits directly on top of a building's foundation. It is the primary interface between the house's wooden structure and the concrete foundation. The sill plate is an anchor for the wall framing and support that evenly distributes the load from the walls and roof across the foundation.

Different Types

There are several types of sill plates, each suited for different applications and conditions:

Pressure-Treated Wood: Commonly used for its resistance to moisture and pests.
Engineered Wood: Offers greater strength and stability but can be more expensive.
Metal Sill Plates: Less common but used in specific applications requiring extra durability.

What is the Difference Between a Sill Plate and a Bottom Plate?

In older homes, the sill plate was directly bolted to the foundation. Today, a sill sealer or gasket is typically placed between the sill plate and the foundation to ensure a secure and stable connection. This material acts as a moisture barrier and helps ensure a snug fit, reducing the risk of air leaks and water infiltration. A metal barrier may be placed beneath the sill plate in areas plagued by termites, preventing insects from accessing the wood above the foundation wall. This thoughtful integration of materials and techniques plays a pivotal role in preserving the structural integrity and longevity of the home.

Sill Plate Installation Process

To ensure a secure and durable connection between a home's structure and its foundation, the construction process involves careful placement of heavy-duty steel anchor bolts, known as J-bolts, into the wet concrete at the top of the foundation walls. These J-bolts are designed with a curved bend at the bottom, securing them firmly into the concrete as it hardens. The top portion of these bolts protrudes above the surface, featuring threads to accommodate nuts. After the foundation settles, framing carpenters align the wood sill plates over these bolts, meticulously drilling through the sill plate at the locations of the J-bolts to ensure the wood sits perfectly flat against the concrete. The sill sealer or gasket is placed on the concrete, and the plates are fastened securely to the foundation using large washers and nuts on the protruding ends of the J-bolts.

Do All Homes Have Sill Plates?

Not all homes have sill plates. Sill plates are commonly used in homes with basements or crawl spaces with a distinct foundation wall. Homes built on a slab-on-grade foundation may not have a traditional sill plate, as the walls are constructed directly on the concrete slab. Instead, the bottom plate takes the place of the sill plate. Some older homes were also built without sill plates.

Signs of Sill Plate Damage

How Do They Become Damaged?

Sill plates can become damaged due to several factors:

Moisture: Prolonged exposure to moisture can lead to rot and decay.
Pests: Termites and other pests can weaken the sill plate by chewing through the wood.
Structural Shifts: Settling or shifting of the foundation can cause cracks and breaks in the sill plate.

Signs of Damage

Visible Rot, Mold, or Decay: Darkened, soft, or crumbling wood.
Pest Infestation: Evidence of termite activity or other pests.
Cracks or Splits: Visible fractures in the wood.
Sagging Floors: Uneven or sagging floors above the affected area.

Associated Problems with Damaged Sill Plates

Compromised Structural Integrity: The entire framework of the house depends on a solid sill plate.
Moisture Infiltration: Damaged sill plates can allow water to enter the home, leading to further decay and mold growth.
Pest Entry: Gaps created by damaged sill plates can become entry points for pests.

Can a Sill Plate Be Replaced?

A damaged sill plate can be replaced, although it is a complex and labor-intensive process. A professional contractor should be consulted to assess the extent of damage and determine the best course of action. The replacement process typically involves temporary support for the walls while the damaged sill plate is removed and replaced with a new one.

Replacement Process

Assessment: Inspect the extent of the damage.
Preparation: Support the structure temporarily using jacks or braces.
Removal: Carefully remove the damaged section of the sill plate.
Replacement: Install a new sill plate, ensuring it is adequately sealed and anchored.
Final Inspection: Ensure the new sill plate is level and securely fastened.

How to Prevent Sill Plate Damage

Preventative measures can significantly reduce the risk of damage caused by moisture, pests, and structural shifts, ensuring the longevity of your sill plate. Review the following practical steps and considerations for preventing damage to the sill plate:

Regular Inspections: It is crucial to conduct regular inspections of the sill plate and the rest of your foundation. Look for any evidence of wear and tear, such as rot or insect damage. These inspections help identify issues early on, preventing significant damage and expensive repairs in the future.
Moisture Control: Managing moisture levels around the foundation is essential for maintaining the integrity of a building's structure. Ensure the area surrounding your foundation has proper drainage to prevent water accumulation, which can lead to wood rot and weaken the foundation. Utilizing moisture barriers can also be effective. If your property includes a crawl space, encapsulating it can further protect against moisture by sealing out damp air and preventing mold growth.
Pest Prevention: Implementing effective pest control measures is critical to safeguarding the structure from termites and other destructive pests. Regular treatments and inspections can prevent infestations from compromising the building's strength and safety. Consider natural deterrents or professional pest control services to maintain a pest-free environment.

Protecting your home's structural integrity is essential. If you suspect damage to your sill plate or foundation, contact us today to schedule a professional inspection. Epp Foundation Repair inspects and reports on sill plate condition on every crawl space and basement inspection, and refers sill plate replacement to a framing or foundation carpentry trade. Where the underlying problem is foundation settlement, water intrusion, or crawl space moisture, we write a Customized Repair Estimate for the work we do perform. We service customers throughout Nebraska, Iowa, Missouri, and Kansas.

Basement Egress Windows

Dave Epp — Mon, 24 Jun 2024 00:00:00 GMT

What Is A Basement Egress Window?

A basement egress window is a window installed specifically to allow people to exit a basement in case of an emergency. It is usually required by local building codes as a safety measure.

Egress windows are typically larger than regular basement windows and are designed to be easy to open and climb out of.

Not only do egress windows provide an important safety feature, but they can also make your basement feel less like a dark, closed-in space. By letting in natural light, they can make your basement a more livable and enjoyable space.

Basement Egress Window Styles

There are three types of basement egress windows.

Casement

These windows have hinges on the side and operate like a door, swinging either in or out.

Single or Double Hung

These windows have that classic window style with two panes of glass and a bottom and upper sash. With single hung egress windows, the top sash is stationary and only the bottom sash moves up and down. With double hung egress windows, both the top and bottom sash move up and down.

Horizontal Sliding

These windows open horizontally like a sliding glass door.

Since only one pane opens in horizontal sliding windows and single or double hung windows, they need to be larger to meet code requirements.

Converting Older Basement Windows Into Egress Windows

Basement egress windows need to be big enough for residents to escape or for firefighters wearing equipment to enter. Code requirements specify the minimum egress window size, window well dimensions, and clearance. The egress windows need to be easy to open and cannot have bars that are not easily removable.

If you are installing one or more basement egress windows in an older home, you may need to enlarge your window frames, which will involve some construction work.

The Benefits Of Basement Egress Windows

The benefits of basement egress windows include the following.

Your home will be up to code regarding emergency escape openings. The International Code Council states that Emergency Escape and Rescue Openings in basements, habitable attics, and every sleeping room "shall have not less than one operable emergency escape and rescue opening."
Your basement will not feel closed in. Basement egress windows allow natural light to flood into your basement, so it no longer feels like a dark basement.
Your basement will get a lot of fresh air. Egress windows improve the ventilation in your basement.
You will want to spend time in your basement. Egress windows expand your home's living space.
Your home's value will increase. Depending on where you live, an egress window in a basement room could turn that room into a bedroom. If so, this will increase your home's value.
Your home will be easier to sell. Buyers may be discouraged to find out that they need to install basement egress windows if they want a finished basement that is up to code. Knowing the home already has this safety feature, and documented basement waterproofing behind the walls, relieves them of that worry.

How Much Do Basement Egress Windows Cost?

The price of adding an egress window and window well varies from project to project, depending mainly on window size and type and window well size and type. There could be other costs as well if another contractor needs to get involved for home modifications, including changing the framing of the home or adding retaining walls.

Bowing Basement Wall: How To Fix And Repair Cost

Dave Epp — Sun, 23 Jun 2024 00:00:00 GMT

What Is A Bowing Basement Wall?

Put simply, bowing walls are basement or retaining walls that curve inward.

If we look at a cross-section of a wall and drop a plumb line from the top of the wall to its base, the plumb line shouldn't fall outside the wall's center of gravity at the base. (The wall's center of gravity is the middle third of the wall's thickness.) With bowing walls, the plumb line will fall outside the wall's center of gravity. In other words, it will fall outside the middle third of the wall.

What Causes A Bowing Basement Wall?

Various things can cause a basement wall to bow inward, and even crack. These include the following:

Expansive soil. Not all soils are alike. Expansive soil contains a lot of clay, and because of this, it expands as it absorbs water. When this happens, it presses against the basement wall from outside. If the drainage problem around the foundation isn't fixed, the expansive soil will continue to push against the wall, and this can result in a bowed, and even cracked, foundation wall. This is serious structural damage that must be quickly repaired to ensure the structural integrity of your home's foundation.
Hydrostatic pressure. Water-saturated soil outside your foundation, along with poor drainage, can cause hydrostatic pressure to build up and push against the foundation wall. Hydrostatic pressure is strong enough to eventually cause the wall to bow inward and even crack.
Frozen soil. When soil freezes, it expands and exerts pressure against the basement wall. When the soil thaws, the pressure is relieved. Over time, this creates movement in the foundation wall that can eventually cause it to crack.
Lateral pressure on the outside of the wall. Even something heavy parked next to the foundation, such as a heavy dumpster or large truck, can cause damage by exerting lateral pressure against the wall.

How Do You Repair A Bowing Basement Wall?

There are a variety of ways to fix a bowing basement wall, including c-channel wall anchors, helical tieback wall anchors, and wall plate anchor systems. The one chosen will depend on the severity of the bowing. We've grouped them here into wall anchor systems and bracing systems.

Wall anchors

Wall anchors take the pressure off the wall and distribute it into the yard. This stops the wall from continuing to move inward. There are three different types of wall anchors: c-channel wall anchors, helical tie-back wall anchors, and wall plate anchor systems:

C-Channel Wall Anchors. C-channel anchors are typically used when there is "shearing" at the bottom of the wall. They are placed on the wall approximately every 4 to 5 feet, on center. ("On center" means the distance from the middle of one wall anchor, or any other element, to the middle of the next.) In our service area, which encompasses parts of Nebraska, Iowa, Kansas, and Missouri, the average C-channel job takes 1 to 2 days to complete.
Helical Tie Back Wall Anchors. Helical tie backs are often used when a wall is leaning severely or tipping inward. They are placed on the wall approximately every 4 to 5 feet, on center. Helical tie backs usually require removing soil from the exterior of the house in order to take the pressure off the wall. In our service area, the average helical tie back job takes about 3 to 4 days to complete.
Wall Plate Anchor System. Wall plate anchors are placed on the wall approximately every 5 feet, on center. In our service area, the average wall plate anchor system takes about 1 to 2 days to complete.

All of the above wall anchor solutions:

Are designed to stop further inward movement of a failing foundation wall
Don't take a lot of time to install
Are minimally invasive

These systems are designed to stabilize the wall and stop it from moving further inward. Epp guarantees stabilization, which means the wall anchor system will do its job of stopping further movement. Recovery or straightening of the wall is never guaranteed.

Bracing Systems

Steel I-beams don't require excavation and are designed to stabilize both block and concrete walls and stop further inward movement. At Epp Foundation Repair, we recommend them when wall plates can't be used.

They are placed on the wall approximately every 4 to 5 feet, on center. In our service area, the average job using steel I-beams takes 1 to 2 days to complete.

Carbon fiber wall repair uses an extremely strong fabric material that doesn't stretch and is virtually unbreakable. This makes it well suited to stabilizing bowed walls. The installation is fast and clean, and the straps can be used to stabilize both block and poured concrete foundations.

The carbon fiber straps are placed on the wall approximately every 4 feet, on center. The average repair job using carbon fiber wall straps takes 1 to 2 days to complete.

Carbon fiber straps work well for wall stabilization, but they don't straighten the wall. However, since they're only about a quarter inch wide and can be painted after the job is done, you will hardly know they're there.

What Should I Do If My Basement Wall Is Bowing?

As a general rule of thumb, when a wall is bowing or tilting inward more than 50 percent of its thickness (for example, an 8 inch thick wall bowing in more than 4 inches) the wall almost always needs to be demolished and replaced. Therefore, if you see a crack, or any movement whatsoever in a wall, no matter how slight, you should contact a foundation repair professional immediately for an inspection. In other words, you should never leave a wall unrepaired to the point where it ends up bowed. Any cracks or inward movement of a wall are not okay. The sooner you catch the problem, the less expensive it will be to fix.

You should also be sure to exercise caution around any wall with severe bowing or bulging.

Should I Buy A House With Bowing Basement Walls?

If you're considering buying a house with one or more bowing walls, call either an experienced foundation repair contractor, or a structural engineer, and have them perform an inspection. They will be able to tell you what's wrong, and how it can be fixed. The foundation repair contractor will also be able to give you an estimate of how much it will cost to fix the damage. You can then figure this into your offer.

Remember, bowing walls are a sign of structural damage. Never buy a house with bowing basement walls unless you first have the problem inspected by an experienced professional.

We're Epp Foundation Repair serving areas located in the Midwest such as Lincoln, Omaha, and Grand Island, NE. If you have a problem with a bowing wall, contact us today for a free estimate.

How long does it take for a house to settle?

Dave Epp — Fri, 21 Jun 2024 00:00:00 GMT

When you purchase a home or are in the process of maintaining one, understanding the concept of house settling is crucial. This natural occurrence can impact your home's integrity and aesthetics, but when should you worry, and what can you do about it? We will review what house settling entails, its causes, the timeline, and how to tell if your home is settling improperly.

What is House Settling?

House settling refers to the natural and gradual sinking of a building's foundation over time. This process is expected, particularly in new constructions, as the weight of the home presses down on the soil beneath it, causing slight shifts and movements. While it might sound alarming, minor settling is normal and usually not a cause for concern, so long as it happens evenly.

What Causes a House to Settle?

Several factors can influence how and when a house settles. These include:

Type of Soil: Different types of soils possess distinct abilities to support weight, which is a critical consideration in construction and engineering. Soils like those with a high sand content tend to drain water quickly but might shift or compact under heavy loads, affecting the stability of structures. On the other hand, soils rich in clay have the potential to retain water, which can lead to swelling or shrinking as moisture levels change. This variability in reaction under the pressure of a building plays a role in how a home settles.
Weather Conditions: Weather conditions significantly impact the soil's moisture content, which can lead to its expansion and contraction. This expansion and contraction cycle is part of what causes the foundation to settle in the soil. However, extreme weather fluctuations can cause structural damage to a foundation. It's crucial to monitor and manage these changes in soil moisture to maintain the integrity of your home's foundation and avoid costly repairs.
Construction Quality: The techniques and materials utilized in the construction process play a significant role in influencing how a house settles over time. For example, the inadequate compaction of the soil at the building site can cause a home to settle too quickly and unevenly, resulting in various structural problems, including cracks in walls, uneven floors, and doors that won't close properly. Another example may involve inferior-quality concrete or improper mixing.
Weight of the House: The weight of a house, determined by its size, construction materials, and contents, directly impacts the amount of pressure exerted on the foundation and the underlying soil. A heavier house puts more significant stress on its foundation, demanding that it be built to withstand significant pressure to avoid structural issues such as cracking, settling, or even failure. This stress also affects the soil underneath, which must be capable of supporting the house's weight without excessive compression or displacement, ensuring the stability and longevity of the structure.

How Long Does It Take for a House to Settle?

The settling process is typically most noticeable within the first two years after construction. However, it can continue at a much slower and almost imperceptible rate for years after that. The exact timeline can vary significantly based on the factors mentioned above. In general, homeowners might notice minor cosmetic effects of settling during this initial period, but it usually stabilizes over time.

When Should You Worry About Your House Settling?

While some degree of settling is normal, extreme or uneven settling, known as differential settlement, can cause concern and may require professional attention. Here's how to differentiate between normal and problematic settling:

Signs of Normal Settlement:

Small hairline cracks can frequently be observed in interior and exterior walls, especially around the areas close to doors and windows, and along the foundation. Thankfully, many construction companies have arrangements to fix such cosmetic issues within the first year or two. Additionally, minor sticking of doors and windows is another common problem that homeowners might encounter. While this can sometimes be attributed to humidity affecting wooden frames, it could also suggest slight shifts in the house's structure, impacting how doors and windows fit within their frames. While seemingly insignificant on their own, both of these issues are important to monitor to ensure they don't develop into more serious structural concerns.

Signs of Differential Settlement:

Differential settlement is a serious issue that goes beyond the aesthetic and minor inconveniences of standard house settling. It occurs when different parts of a foundation settle unevenly, potentially leading to significant structural damage that can compromise the safety and integrity of the home. Symptoms to watch for include:

Large and uneven cracks have appeared in the foundation or walls.
Doors and windows have become increasingly difficult to open and close.
The floors or stairs are sloping.
There are gaps between walls and the ceiling or floor.
Gaps have formed between windows and the wall.
Countertops have separated from the cabinets or walls.
The chimney is separating from the house.
Walls are bowing.
There are leaks in the basement.

If you notice signs of differential settlement, it's crucial to consult with a foundation repair specialist to assess the severity and discuss potential solutions.

How to Repair Damage from House Settling

The approach to repairing settlement damage depends on the extent and cause of the problem. Hence, professional assessment is key to determining the right course of action. However, common repair solutions include:

Underpinning: The most common solution for differential settlement, underpinning involves extending the foundation in depth so it rests on more stable soil. This often includes the use of steel push and helical piers.
Structural Reinforcement: Adding steel braces, wall anchors, or carbon fiber straps to walls to improve structural integrity and resist further movement.
Sealing Cracks: Filling in foundation and wall cracks with epoxy injections or other sealants to prevent water infiltration and worsening of the settlement.
Polyjacking: A process that raises sunken concrete slabs, such as garage floors, driveways, and sidewalks, by injecting polyurethane foam beneath them. It levels concrete flatwork; it is not the right tool for lifting the full foundation of a house that has settled measurably.
Drainage System: Improving the drainage around the foundation to ensure water flows away from the building, reducing soil moisture variability and its impact on settlement.

If you're concerned about how your house is settling, contact a reputable foundation repair company to schedule an inspection and get a free quote. Taking action early can save you time, money, and stress in the long run. Our experts, located in Nebraska and parts of Iowa, Kansas, and Missouri, have over 30 years of experience and are eager to help.

Signs You Have A Foundation Leak

Dave Epp — Wed, 19 Jun 2024 00:00:00 GMT

Homeownership is a dream come true for many, but it also comes with its fair share of challenges. A foundation leak is one of the most daunting issues a homeowner might face. Not only can it threaten the structural integrity of your home, but it can also lead to significant water damage and even health problems from mold growth. This article will guide you through everything you need to know about foundation leaks, from detection to repair and prevention.

What Is a Foundation Leak?

A foundation leak is any scenario in which water penetrates your home's foundation. It differs from an ordinary leak, such as a poorly sealed window, since it is connected to foundation damage. Foundation leaks can occur for various reasons, ranging from poor construction practices to natural shifts in the soil surrounding your home. Regardless of the cause, the result is the same: unwanted water enters your home, often leading to further complications.

How Can You Tell If You Have a Foundation Leak?

Identifying a foundation leak early can save you time, money, and stress. Here are some basement waterproofing symptoms to watch for:

Water in Your Basement: This is one of the most obvious signs. If you notice pooling water or damp spots on your basement floors or walls, it's time to investigate.
Wet Spots or Stains on Walls and Ceilings: Similar to water in your basement, wet spots or stains on walls, floors, or ceilings could indicate that water is seeping through your foundation.
Cracks in the Foundation: Small, non-structural cracks up to 1/10 of an inch wide might not always cause alarm, but structural cracks wider than 1/10 of an inch present a more significant concern. These cracks can create openings that allow water to penetrate. They can appear along the floor, ceilings, and walls.
Mold and Mildew Growth: Mold or mildew often indicates a foundation leak, even if you do not see a visible crack. If you notice a persistent musty smell or visible signs of mold growth, it's essential to address the issue promptly.
Uneven Floors: Water leakage can harm wooden support beams, causing them to warp over time. This warping of the beams leads to structural issues within a building, manifesting as uneven or sagging floors.
Increased Water Bills: An unexplained spike in your water bill could indicate a leak somewhere in your home, including a water pipe embedded in a slab foundation.

What Causes Foundation Leaks?

Several factors can contribute to foundation leaks, including:

Poor Drainage: If water doesn't efficiently drain away from the perimeter of your home, it can accumulate in the soil and exert undue pressure on the foundation, called hydrostatic pressure. Hydrostatic pressure can cause a foundation to bow or crack and push water through the foundation.
Plumbing Leaks: Broken or leaking pipes can saturate the soil around your foundation, increasing the risk of a leaky foundation. A broken pipe within a poured slab foundation can also lead to foundation leaks.
Differential Settlement: Differential settlement occurs when different parts of your house settle at uneven rates. This often results from issues like flooding, erosion, or natural soil shifting, leading to uneven distribution of the structure's weight. When one part of a foundation settles more than another, it can cause cracks and openings where water can enter, contributing to foundation leaks.
Improper Construction: Defects in the construction of your home, such as the use of low-quality building materials, can compromise the integrity of your foundation. Over time, these flaws can make your foundation susceptible to water infiltration and leaks.

How Serious Is a Foundation Leak?

Foundation leaks are serious and should never be ignored. Water damage can weaken your home's structural integrity, cause costly repairs, and create health hazards from mold growth. Unfortunately, foundation leaks will only worsen over time. Addressing the issue promptly provides the most cost effective solution.

How to Fix a Foundation Leak

The method for fixing a foundation leak depends on its cause and severity. Potential solutions include:

Foundation Crack Repair

One of the most obvious solutions is to seal the crack where water is seeping in. There are a few options:

Epoxy Injection: Epoxy is a strong adhesive used to bond materials together. When it comes to foundation cracks, epoxy injections can effectively seal the crack and prevent water from penetrating the foundation. This method not only stops water leaks but also restores the structural integrity of the concrete. Once cured, the epoxy is stronger than the existing concrete, ensuring a long lasting repair.
Xypex Crack Repair: Xypex is a unique crystalline compound that works by penetrating the cracks and capillaries of the concrete. Once inside, it reacts with the moisture and concrete to form a watertight, crystalline structure that blocks water seepage. This method not only stops water from entering but also can self heal, meaning that it can seal future cracks that may form around the original repair site. Xypex is ideal for situations where the crack is subject to movement, ensuring a durable solution to foundation leaks.
Wall Clay Process: Wall clay is a natural material that provides an effective barrier against moisture. It is effective for sealing cracks from the exterior of your home rather than having to remove existing drywall or paneling. It is environmentally friendly and can be particularly effective in historical or older homes where preserving the structure's integrity is crucial. This method not only stops water seepage but also contributes to the overall stability of the foundation by providing an additional layer of insulation.

Foundation Underpinning

If the foundation leak was caused by differential settlement, it is vital to level and restore the structural integrity of your foundation before attempting to seal any cracks. To accomplish that, foundation repair companies will recommend foundation underpinning. This technique involves extending the foundation depth to more stable soil layers well below the surface. Two popular pier types include:

Helical Piers: Helical piers are like giant steel screws that are mechanically twisted into the ground until a suitable load bearing stratum is reached.
Push Piers: Similar to helical piers, push piers are deeply driven steel pilings. However, instead of being screwed into the ground, push piers are hydraulically driven into the soil.

Foundation underpinning not only addresses the immediate issues caused by differential settlement but also helps prevent future foundation problems.

Drainage System

Since many foundation leaks can be traced back to drainage issues, installing a drainage system may be imperative to prevent future leaks. There are a variety of drainage options, both for interior and exterior installation. Here are the two most common:

Drain Tile with Sump Pump: A drain tile system, coupled with a sump pump, provides an effective solution for managing and redirecting water away from your foundation. This system involves the installation of a perforated pipe around the perimeter of the foundation, either internally beneath the basement floor or externally along the foundation's footer. The drain tile collects any water that would otherwise enter the foundation and channels it to a sump pit. Once the water in the sump pit reaches a certain level, the sump pump activates, pumping the water away from the home's foundation to a safe drainage area.
French Drain: A French drain consists of a slightly sloped trench filled with gravel and a perforated pipe designed to divert water away from the foundation. The trench is dug around the perimeter of the house or near the problem area, and the perforated pipe is laid down and covered with gravel. The gravel helps filter out debris to prevent clogging of the pipe, ensuring a long term solution for directing water away from the foundation. This method is particularly effective in areas prone to heavy rains or where surface water collects near the foundation.

How to Prevent Foundation Leaks

Prevention is critical to avoiding the headaches that come with foundation leaks. Here are some tips to help keep your foundation dry:

Maintain Proper Drainage: Ensure that your gutters are clean, downspouts direct water away from your foundation, and your yard is sloped away from the house.
Waterproof Your Foundation: Consider applying a waterproof membrane to your foundation to prevent water infiltration.
Fix Plumbing Issues Promptly: Regularly inspect your home's plumbing and repair any leaks as soon as they're detected.
Monitor Your Foundation: Keep an eye on your foundation, looking for signs of settling or cracking, and address issues early.

If you suspect a foundation leak, schedule a free foundation inspection and repair quote. Our experts, located in Nebraska and parts of Iowa, Kansas, and Missouri, have decades of experience and are ready to serve you.

Are you supposed to cover a sump pump?

Dave Epp — Fri, 14 Jun 2024 00:00:00 GMT

Leaving the sump pit open may not seem like a big deal. But we can tell you that a sump pump should always be covered unless you don't mind foul odors, pests, mold, or potential injuries, amongst other problems. Find out the benefits of a sump pump cover, how to pick the best cover, and clever ways to conceal your sump pit.

What Is a Sump Pump?

The sump pump is the heart of your basement's water management system. A sump pump is a submersible pump installed in the lowest part of a house, often in a specially constructed sump pit. This pit collects excess water from rain, natural groundwater, or melting snow around your foundation. When the water level in the sump pit rises to a certain point, the pump automatically activates, pumping the water out through pipes that lead away from your home's foundation, thus preventing water from flooding your basement and causing damage.

Why Should You Cover Your Sump Pump?

A sump pump cover is not just about aesthetics, although it helps with that too; it's about protecting your investment and ensuring the safety and comfort of your home and family. Here's why your sump pump needs a quality cover:

Code Requirements: Local building codes and regulations may dictate sump pump requirements. In some cases, proper coverage is a necessity for compliance.
Protect the Sump Pump from Debris, Dust, and Unwanted Objects: An exposed sump pump is more susceptible to clogging and hinders its function. A good cover acts as a shield.
Prevent Radon from Entering the Home: Radon, a colorless and odorless gas, is sometimes present in the soil in the Midwest. A covered sump pit prevents this harmful gas from invading your living space and harming your health.
Prevent Injury: An open pit can be a tripping hazard while also being a haven for children's and pets' exploration, making it crucial to minimize potential dangers with a cover.
Reduce Noise: When a pump is running, it makes a humming sound. A cover helps to minimize the sound.
Improve Air Quality: Water can remain stagnant in a sump pit until enough collects to turn the pump on. This water may evaporate in your basement if left uncovered, increasing the humidity in your basement. Stagnant water also decreases the air quality of your home by potentially promoting foul smells and mold growth.
Pest Control: During dry seasons, when the drainage pipes are empty, pests like snakes, mice, squirrels, or insects can enter your basement if the pit is not covered.

How to Properly Cover a Sump Pump

Not all sump pump covers will ensure all of the above benefits. Hence, choosing the right cover is crucial. The best option is a gas-tight, removable lid. This airtight lid will keep gasses and moisture from seeping through. It should also be removable for easy access when it's time for routine pump maintenance or inspection. A gas-tight lid will also help seal out noise and maintain energy efficiency.

Of course, other options do exist, but there is a reason we would not recommend them. Notice some of the other popular sump pump cover alternatives and why you should avoid them:

Plexiglass: Some contractors may create a plexiglass cover and seal it. While it may look neat and can be airtight, it hinders sump pump access for service.
Wood or Drywall Covers: Although versatile and inexpensive, organic materials like wood and drywall can deteriorate when exposed to water and encourage mold growth.
Homemade Covers: Makeshift, unsealed covers won't effectively protect your basement from gasses or moisture, making them inefficient.

Clever Ways to Conceal Your Sump Pump

We understand that sump pumps are not the most attractive addition to your home decor, but they are necessary to keep your basement dry. With some creativity, you can integrate your sump pump seamlessly into your basement design.

Build a Closet Around It: This is the most comprehensive way to mask your sump pump and pit while maintaining accessibility for pump servicing.
Faux Floor Coverings: You could consider laying down a faux floor with a cover that matches the rest of the flooring in your basement. The materials could be as simple as carpet, wood, or laminate, offering a disguise and easy access.
Position Furniture or Hang a Curtain: Strategic placement of furniture or hanging a curtain can offer a stealthy method to conceal your sump pump and yet keep it accessible for maintenance.

What Is Involved in Sump Pump Maintenance?

Maintaining your sump pump is crucial to ensure it operates efficiently and to extend its lifespan. Regular sump pump maintenance involves several steps. Understanding what is involved will also help homeowners to see why keeping their sump pump accessible is essential. First, check the pump annually to ensure it is clean, debris-free, and in good working condition. This includes inspecting the sump pit for signs of foreign objects or sediment that could impede the pump's function. Cleaning the pump and the pit is also essential to prevent clogs and ensure smooth operation. Testing the pump by pouring a bucket of water into the pit can help you verify that the pump activates appropriately and that water is pumped out quickly. For optimal performance, check the discharge line to ensure it is not blocked, frozen, or damaged and that water is directed away from your home's foundation. Lastly, consider installing a battery backup system to ensure your sump pump continues to operate during power outages, which often accompany heavy storms when the pump is most needed.

If you have a sump pump in need of a suitable cover, our experts can provide advice on sump pump cover selection and can even handle the installation for you. They can also offer regular inspections, ensuring your basement remains dry, safe, and compliant with all local regulations. If you are interested in other basement waterproofing solutions, you can also schedule an appointment for a free consultation and estimate. We service Nebraska and parts of Iowa, Kansas, and Missouri.

Are door frame cracks normal, and how do you fix them?

Dave Epp — Wed, 12 Jun 2024 00:00:00 GMT

If you're a homeowner, the sight of a crack in your door frame can be worrisome. But are such cracks normal, or are they a symptom of something serious? In this article, we will teach you how to diagnose the problem and what steps you should take to fix and even prevent it.

Door Frame Cracks Are Not Normal

While door frame cracks are common, they are not "normal." To illustrate, getting sick is common, but it is not normal. Getting sick means your body is fighting some kind of virus or bacteria. Similarly, cracks signify an underlying problem that may be minor or severe. So, how do you tell if the problem is serious? You should give your house a check-up! Many clues can help you determine the seriousness of a door frame crack. However, let's first review the various causes.

Why Do Door Frames Crack?

Before addressing a door frame crack, you must comprehend what causes it. The most common causes include:

House Settling: During the first two years following construction, a new home will invariably settle. This settling creates tension in the building's frame, which can result in cracks in the door frame.
Water Damage and Moisture: Prolonged exposure to water or high humidity can lead to cracks. Roof and plumbing leaks can damage your door's framing, causing warping and cracks. High humidity levels can cause wooden door frames to expand and contract, leading to cracks.
Unregulated Temperatures: The Midwest experiences highly variable weather conditions. Such changes can contribute to cracking. Heating, cooling, and dehumidifying systems can help regulate your home's temperature and prevent minor cracks. However, if your home is often unoccupied, unregulated temperatures stress the interior walls, contributing to cracks.
Faulty Drywall Taping: When a house is constructed, the seams between drywall sheets are sealed with joint tape and compound. If this taping process is not done correctly, it can lead to weak spots on the wall's surface. These imperfections can manifest as cracks, particularly around door frames, where there is natural flex and movement.
Damaged Crawl Space: The crawl space plays a pivotal role in maintaining the structural integrity of your home by supporting the weight of the house above. When beams and piers within the crawl space are compromised by rot from moisture, termite damage, or physical breakage, they cease to distribute the house's weight effectively. Any shift or sag can cause a door frame to warp or crack.
Differential Settlement: One of the more severe causes of door frame cracks is differential settlement. Differential settlement is when a house's foundation settles at uneven rates. Given the uneven pressure distribution, some sections of the property, particularly those around doorways, may experience increased stress, leading to cracks in the door frame. Differential settlement can be triggered by various factors, including improper soil compaction before construction, erosion, expansive clay soils, and soil over-saturation contributing to hydrostatic pressure. Detecting this early and consulting with a foundational repair company can prevent more significant damage to your home's integrity.
Foundation Heaving: Another severe cause of door frame cracks is foundation heave, which is the upward movement of the foundation. This phenomenon occurs when the soil underneath the foundation expands, often due to moisture increase from heavy rains, melting snow, or plumbing leaks. When the soil expands, it pushes the foundation upward, a motion that places uneven stress on the house's structural integrity. This stress can manifest as cracks in various places, including door frames. These signs should not be ignored, as they indicate significant changes in the foundation that could affect the overall stability of the house.

Diagnosing the Severity of Your Door Frame Crack

Now that you know what can cause door frame cracks, it is time to figure out which one may be the culprit in your home. Clearly, not all cracks are created equal. Here's how to evaluate if the crack in your door frame is serious:

Length

The length of the crack in your door frame can help determine the issue's severity. The longer the crack, the more serious the problem likely is, especially if the crack extends up toward or even across the ceiling.

Width

Hairline cracks, those that are 1/10 of an inch wide or less, are usually not too severe and are generally considered cosmetic. They may be due to faulty drywall taping or a home's natural settling process. Cracks wider than 1/10 of an inch or wider at one end than another merit immediate attention because they can signal a more serious underlying issue like differential settlement or foundation heave.

Direction

Vertically oriented cracks are often related to the natural settling of the house or faulty drywall taping. These cracks are usually less concerning and may not require immediate, extensive repair. However, horizontal cracks, diagonal cracks radiating from the corner of the door frame, or those with a stair-step pattern, especially in brick or block construction around the frame, can indicate foundation problems such as differential settlement, foundation heave, or crawl space damage. If the crack in your door frame is going in any of these directions, contact a foundation repair company immediately.

Associated Symptoms

If your door frame crack is due to a foundation issue, there are several other symptoms you may notice around your home:

Uneven Floors: A dip or rise in certain areas of your floor could indicate a shifting or settling foundation beneath your home.
Cracks in Walls or Ceilings: Similar to door frame cracks, wall or ceiling cracks can signal foundation movement.
Doors or Windows That Stick: Doors and windows that no longer open or close smoothly can be symptomatic of changes in the framing due to foundation shifts.
Gaps Around Window Frames or Exterior Doors: Gaps that suddenly appear around window frames or external doors can suggest that the foundation has moved, altering the alignment of the structure.
Water Intrusion in the Basement: Water in your basement can indicate foundation cracks through which moisture seeps. This symptom is particularly urgent if new leaks appear or existing ones worsen following heavy rains or in specific seasons.
Bowed or Cracked Basement Walls: The inward movement or bowing of basement walls is a tell-tale sign of foundation damage.

Recognizing these symptoms early and seeking professional evaluation can prevent minor issues from becoming major, costly repairs, ensuring the longevity and safety of your home's structure.

How Do You Fix a Cracked Door Frame?

Once you've diagnosed the issue, it's time to take action. Any repair should begin by addressing the underlying cause. For instance, if you have a leak, the repair process should start with fixing the leak and ensuring the area is completely dry. Simple, minor door frame cracks can often be repaired with wood glue for the wood frame and a drywall patch to fix the wall crack, restoring your frame. Severe cracks may indicate foundation issues, requiring more extensive repairs. Foundation repair methods may include:

Foundation Underpinning: This method addresses issues like differential settlement by driving steel push or helical piers deep into the soil beneath a foundation to stabilize it and halt further movement. Some lift may be possible depending on conditions, but it is never guaranteed.
Crawl Space Pier and Beam Repair: This repair method involves installing additional supports to lift and stabilize the existing beams and floor joists for homes with crawl space issues.
Basement Wall Crack Repair: Small cracks in basement walls can often be repaired with epoxy or polyurethane injections. These materials fill the cracks and bond with the concrete, restoring the wall's structural integrity and preventing water intrusion.
Basement Bowed Wall Repair: Bowed or bulging walls in the basement are often stabilized with wall anchors, carbon fiber strips, or steel I-beams. These materials are attached to the walls to stabilize them and prevent further movement; they do not straighten a wall or recover its original position.

How to Prevent Door Frame Cracks

Prevention is always the best cure, and protecting your door frames is no different. Try the following methods to prevent future cracks:

Regulate Interior Conditions: Maintain a temperature in your home that prevents vast temperature swings, which minimizes the stress on your home's structure.
Routine Maintenance: Regularly inspect your plumbing and roof to catch leaks early, reducing the potential for water-related damage.
Foundation Care: Protecting your foundation is crucial to maintaining the structural integrity of your home. Here are a few ways you can do that:
Clean your gutters regularly
Install gutter downspout extensions
Regrade your yard so it slopes away from the home
Waterproof your basement
Encapsulate your crawl space
Install a drainage system

If you are concerned about the cracks in your door frames, it's time to call the professionals. Contact us today for a free inspection and repair quote. It could be the best decision you make for the longevity of your home.

How to Design A French Drain System

Dave Epp — Thu, 06 Jun 2024 00:00:00 GMT

Are you a homeowner battling with a waterlogged garden or a soggy lawn every time it rains? Perhaps you've noticed cracks or moisture in your foundation and are rightly concerned about the long-term implications. Most foundation issues stem from one root cause, water. Therefore, ensuring proper drainage around your home's foundation is crucial.

Enter the French drain.

In this quick guide, we'll review the design of an effective French drain system (including a diagram), the benefits of a French drain, how these drains are installed, maintenance, and more. Whether you're a seasoned DIY'er or new to home improvement, our insights will help you tackle groundwater control like a pro.

What Is a French Drain?

A French drain is a trench filled with gravel and a perforated drainage pipe that redirects water away from a building's foundation. The purpose of a French drain is to prevent water from accumulating in the ground, which can cause a variety of issues such as foundation damage, basement flooding, and mold growth. The drain works by allowing water to enter the trench and flow down through the gravel, which acts as a filter to remove debris. From there, the water is directed to a pipe that carries it toward a sump pit with a sump pump, or away from the property directly.

French drains can be installed in a variety of locations, including around the perimeter of a building, along a driveway or sidewalk, or even in a backyard to prevent standing water or soggy soil. They are particularly effective in areas with heavy rainfall or where the soil is particularly dense or clay-like.

While French drains can be a highly effective way to manage excess water on a property, they do require proper installation and maintenance to function properly. It's important to ensure that the trench is dug to the proper depth and width, that the gravel or rock is properly placed, and that the drainage system is properly connected and maintained over time.

French Drain Diagram (Components) and Installation

The components of a French drain typically include a perforated drainpipe, gravel, and landscaping fabric.

The perforated drainpipe is the central component, which runs through the trench and collects water. The perforations allow the water to enter the pipe and flow away from the area. The pipe should have a slope of at least 1% to ensure that water flows smoothly.

The gravel is used to create a porous bed around the pipe, allowing water to seep through the gravel into the pipe. The size of the gravel or rock should be between ¾ to 1 ½ inches in diameter.

The landscaping fabric is used to separate the gravel from the soil and prevent soil particles from clogging the pipe.

French Drain Installation

Choose the location: The first step is to determine the location of the French drain. You want to choose an area where water tends to pool or flow towards your property.
Mark the trench: Once you have chosen the location, mark out the trench using stakes and string. The trench should be at least 6 inches wide and 18 to 24 inches deep.
Dig the trench: Using a shovel or a trenching machine, dig the trench according to the markings. Make sure the trench has a slight slope, dropping about 1 inch for every 8 feet of length.
Line the trench: To prevent soil from seeping into the drain, line the trench with landscaping fabric.
Add gravel: Fill the trench with gravel, leaving about 3 inches of space at the top.
Install the pipe: Place a perforated pipe on top of the gravel, making sure it is level and sloping towards the desired drainage location. Connect the pipe using fittings and connectors where necessary.
Cover with gravel: Cover the pipe with more gravel until the trench is filled to the top. Make sure the gravel is evenly distributed and level.
Cover with soil: Finally, cover the gravel with soil and compact it down. You can then plant grass or other vegetation over the top to help prevent erosion.

Overall, installing a French drain is a relatively straightforward process, but it does require some physical labor. Once installed, your French drain should effectively redirect water away from your property, protecting it from damage.

Benefits of a French Drain

The benefits of a French drain are numerous, and they include both practical and economic advantages.

One of the most significant benefits of a French drain is that it helps to prevent water damage to your property. When water builds up around your home or building, it can seep into the foundation and cause structural damage over time. A French drain helps to prevent this by channeling water away from the foundation and into a designated drainage area.

Another benefit of a French drain is that it can help to prevent soil erosion. By redirecting water away from your property, a French drain can prevent soil from washing away and causing damage to your landscaping or property. This can save you money in the long run by reducing the need for costly landscaping repairs and maintenance.

In addition to preventing water damage and soil erosion, a French drain can also improve the overall health and safety of your property. By reducing the amount of standing water around your property, a French drain can help to prevent the growth of mold, mildew, and other harmful bacteria. This can reduce the risk of health problems for you and your family, as well as improve the overall air quality of your home.

Finally, a French drain can also improve the resale value of your property. Potential buyers are often drawn to properties with effective drainage systems, as they know that they will be less likely to experience water damage or other related issues. By installing a French drain, you can increase the value and appeal of your property, making it a more attractive option for potential buyers.

How to Design a French Drain System

To ensure that a French drain functions effectively, it is important to design it properly.

The first step in designing a French drain is to assess your property. This involves identifying areas where water accumulates or where there is a potential for water damage. This could include areas with poor drainage, low-lying areas, or areas near the foundation of a building. Once you have identified these areas, you can then determine the best location for your French drain.
The next step is to determine the proper gradient and depth for your French drain. The gradient refers to the angle of the trench, which should be sloped downward to ensure that water flows away from your property. The depth of the trench will depend on the depth of the water table in your area, as well as the amount of rainfall you typically receive. In general, a depth of at least 6 inches is recommended.
Selecting the right kind of pipe is also essential to the design of a French drain. The pipe should be made of a durable material that can withstand the weight of soil and other debris. It should also be perforated to allow water to flow into the pipe and be directed away from your property. PVC and corrugated plastic pipes are popular choices for French drains.

French Drain Maintenance

To ensure that your French drain remains effective, it's important to maintain it properly. Here are a few tips to help you maintain your French drain:

Visual Inspection: One of the easiest ways to maintain your French drain is to inspect it visually. Check for any signs of pooling water or clogs in the drain. If you notice any issues, address them immediately to prevent further damage.
Regular Maintenance: It is recommended to conduct a yearly maintenance check-up on your French drain. This will help to identify any underlying issues and make necessary repairs before they become bigger problems.
Clean the Pipe: Over time, debris and other materials can accumulate in the French drain, causing clogs. To prevent this, it's essential to clean the pipe every few years. Professionals can use pressurized water to effectively remove any buildup and keep the drain clear.
Component Replacement: Various components of the French drain may need to be replaced over time. For example, the filter fabric may need to be replaced every 5-10 years to ensure that it continues to function properly.

Proper maintenance of your French drain can help to extend its lifespan and prevent costly repairs. If you're unsure about how to maintain your French drain or have any concerns, it's always best to consult with a professional. They can provide expert advice and ensure that your French drain is functioning at its best.

Is Installing a French Drain a Good DIY Project?

Installing a French drain can be a great DIY project for individuals who have experience with basic plumbing and excavation. However, it is important to understand the purpose and process of a French drain before embarking on this project. If you're unsure, it's best to consult a professional.

Do I Really Need a French Drain?

If you live in an area with heavy rainfall or soil that doesn't drain well, you might need a French drain to avoid the risk of flooding and water damage. Here are some signs that indicate you might need a French drain:

Standing water: If you notice standing water around your foundation or in your basement or crawl space, it's a clear sign that your property doesn't drain correctly. The water might be seeping in through cracks in your foundation, or it might be pooling in low-lying areas.
Mold and mildew: If you smell a musty odor or see mold and mildew growing on your walls or ceilings, it's a sign that moisture is getting into your home. French drains help to prevent this by redirecting water away from your foundation, so it doesn't seep into your walls and floors.
Cracks in your foundation: If you notice cracks in your foundation, it's a sign that your property is experiencing hydrostatic pressure. A French drain can help to relieve this pressure by redirecting water away from your foundation.
Soggy lawn: If your lawn remains soggy and muddy long after rainfall, it's a sign that your soil isn't draining correctly. A French drain can help to improve drainage around your property, which will keep your lawn healthier.
Basement leaks: If you notice water coming into your basement or crawl space during heavy rainfall, it's a sign of poor drainage around the foundation. A French drain can help to redirect water away from your foundation.

How Long Do French Drains Last?

The lifespan of a French drain can vary depending on a range of factors, including the quality of the materials used, the installation process, and the level of maintenance and upkeep provided over time. On average, however, a well-designed and properly installed French drain can last anywhere from 20 to 30 years or more.

One of the key factors in determining the longevity of a French drain is the quality of the materials used. The most durable French drains are typically made from high-quality PVC piping and gravel, which can withstand heavy use and exposure to the elements without deteriorating. Cheaper materials, such as plastic piping or lower-grade landscaping fabric, may not last as long and may need to be replaced more frequently.

Additionally, the installation process can have a significant impact on the lifespan of a French drain. Proper installation involves careful planning and positioning to ensure that the drain is able to effectively capture and remove water from the surrounding area. A poorly installed French drain may not work as effectively and may require more frequent repairs and replacement.

Finally, regular maintenance and upkeep can help extend the life of a French drain. This may include regular cleaning to remove debris and buildup, as well as periodic inspections to identify and address any issues before they become more serious.

If you think your property might need a French drain, contact us today to schedule an evaluation. We serve areas in Nebraska, Iowa, Kansas, and Missouri.

Signs You Could Have Black Mold in Basement

Dave Epp — Tue, 04 Jun 2024 00:00:00 GMT

Discovering black mold in your basement can be a homeowner's worst nightmare. It can not only cause structural damage but also pose serious health risks. Black mold thrives in damp, dark environments, making the basement a common battleground for this unwelcome intruder. Recognizing the early signs of black mold is crucial in mitigating its impact and ensuring the safety and integrity of your home.

In this blog article, we'll discuss key indicators that black mold might be lurking in your basement, from musty odors to visible growth patterns. Understanding these signs can be the first step in addressing a potentially hazardous situation and maintaining a healthy living environment.

What Is Black Mold?

Black mold, also known as Stachybotrys chartarum, is a type of toxic mold that is notorious for its harmful effects on human health. It thrives in areas that are dark, damp, and humid, such as in poorly ventilated bathrooms, basements, and kitchens. Black mold releases spores into the air which can cause a variety of health problems when inhaled.

Exposure to black mold has been linked to a range of health effects, including respiratory issues such as coughing, wheezing, and difficulty breathing. It can also cause skin rashes, fatigue, headaches, and allergic reactions.

Black mold is particularly dangerous for young children, pregnant women, and people with weakened immune systems. If you suspect that your home may have black mold, it is important to take action to remove it. This usually means hiring a certified mold remediation company to safely and effectively remove the mold from your home.

What Causes Black Mold to Grow In Basements?

One of the primary reasons for black mold growth in basements is excessive moisture. When there is high humidity or water leaks, the basement becomes a prime breeding ground for mold spores. These spores can spread rapidly, especially in warm environments, leading to black mold infestation. Poor ventilation and air circulation can also contribute to moisture buildup, making it easier for mold to flourish.

Another factor that can cause black mold growth in basements is the presence of organic materials. Mold thrives on organic matter such as wood, paper, and fabrics, all of which are commonly found in basements. If not properly stored or maintained, these materials can become damp and provide the perfect breeding ground for mold spores.

Additionally, a basement's location and exposure to the outside environment can determine the likelihood of black mold growth. Basements that are situated in areas with high humidity, frequent rainfall, or flooding are more susceptible to mold infestation. Moreover, basements that are poorly insulated can leave walls and floors cold, resulting in condensation and moisture buildup.

Why You Don't Want Black Mold In Your Home's Basement

Having black mold in your home's basement is not something you want, and here's why:

Can Cause Health Problems: Black mold can cause serious health problems for you and your family. When the mold spores are inhaled, they can trigger allergic reactions such as sneezing, coughing, and watery eyes. In addition, exposure to black mold can lead to respiratory problems, including asthma and bronchitis. For people with weak immune systems, such as children and the elderly, exposure to black mold can be particularly dangerous.
Can Cause Structural Damage: Black mold can damage your home's structure and lower its value. The mold can grow on walls, floors, and ceilings, causing them to weaken and crumble over time.
It Smells Bad: The musty smell of mold can be unpleasant and difficult to get rid of. If you plan to sell your home in the future, having black mold in your basement can significantly reduce its value and make it difficult to find a buyer.
It's Expensive to Remove: Lastly, black mold is difficult and expensive to remove. Homeowners often try to remove mold themselves using DIY methods, but this can be dangerous if proper protective gear is not worn, and the mold is not correctly contained. In addition, if the mold is not removed entirely, it can quickly grow back and spread to other areas of your home, causing even more damage.

Signs You Could Have Black Mold in Basement

Knowing the signs of black mold growth in your basement can help you take timely action to prevent its spread and protect your health. These signs include the following:

A Musty Smell: One of the most obvious signs of black mold growth in the basement is the presence of a musty or earthy smell that lingers in the air. This smell is caused by the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that black mold releases as it grows and spreads. The smell may be more pronounced in areas with poor ventilation or high humidity levels.
Black or Dark Green Stains: Another sign of black mold growth in the basement is the appearance of black or dark green stains on walls, floors, or ceilings. These stains are caused by the fungus spores that are released by black mold as it grows and spreads. These spores can attach to surfaces and grow into new colonies of black mold if not removed promptly.
Persistent Respiratory Problems: If you or your family members experience persistent respiratory problems such as coughing, wheezing, or shortness of breath when inside the basement, this could be a sign of black mold growth. Black mold spores can trigger allergic reactions in some people, leading to respiratory problems, skin irritation, headaches, and other health issues.
Past Water Damage or Flooding: If your basement has experienced water damage or flooding in the past, this increases the risk of black mold growth. Moisture and dampness provide the perfect conditions for black mold spores to grow and spread, so it's important to keep your basement dry and well-ventilated to prevent black mold from taking hold.

For more information, see Is Hydrostatic Pressure The Reason You Have a Wet Basement?

How to Get Rid of Black Mold in Your Basement

Since black mold can cause health problems such as respiratory issues and allergies, getting rid of it in your basement should be a top priority. Here's how to do that:

The first step in removing black mold from your basement is identifying the source of moisture. Mold needs moisture to survive, so getting rid of the source is critical for preventing it from returning. Common sources of moisture in basements include leaks, standing water, or high humidity levels. Once you have identified the source, address it promptly to prevent any further mold growth. This is the part Epp handles: we find and fix the water source that lets mold grow.

The next step is to remove any visible mold spores. For a small patch, you can do this by using a solution of bleach and water or other commercial mold removers. Be sure to wear protective gear such as gloves, goggles, and a mask to avoid inhaling any spores. It's also important to thoroughly clean any surfaces where mold was present, including walls, floors, and ceilings. For anything larger than a small patch, hire a certified mold remediator. Epp does not remove mold, but we can refer you to a remediator once the water problem is fixed.

After removing the mold, it's essential to take measures to prevent it from returning. This can be done by increasing ventilation in your basement, using a dehumidifier, and fixing any leaks or other sources of moisture. Regularly inspecting your basement for signs of mold growth and addressing any issues promptly can also prevent future problems.

For more information, see Repairing a Wet Basement (And Making it Dry).

Tips on How to Prevent Black Mold from Growing in Your Basement

Keep your basement clean and use a dehumidifier: Regularly cleaning your basement can help prevent the buildup of dust and moisture, which can provide an ideal environment for mold growth. Use a dehumidifier to reduce humidity levels and promote better air circulation in your basement.
Fix leaks and water damage: Water leaks can create damp and humid conditions that can promote mold growth. Check your basement for any signs of water damage or leaks, and fix them immediately. Repair any damaged pipes, faucets, or cracks in the foundation of your home.
Use mold-resistant products: Use mold-resistant paint and drywall when finishing your basement. These products are designed to inhibit mold growth and can help prevent the growth of black mold.
Monitor humidity levels: Keep an eye on the humidity levels in your basement using a hygrometer. Ideally, the humidity levels should be kept below 60%. If they are higher, use a dehumidifier to lower them.
Clean up spills and moisture immediately: If you spill water or any liquid in your basement, clean it up immediately. Don't leave wet clothes, towels, or other items lying around, as they can create the ideal environment for mold growth.
Inspect and clean your HVAC system: Mold spores can spread through your HVAC system and contaminate the air in your home. Regularly inspect and clean your HVAC system to prevent the spread of mold spores.

By following these tips, you can help prevent black mold from growing in your basement, ensuring a healthy and safe living environment for you and your family. Remember, prevention is always better than cure, so take the necessary steps to keep your basement mold-free.

If you're concerned about black mold in your basement, contact us today to schedule an inspection. We find and fix the water source behind the mold and can refer you to a certified remediator for the removal. We service areas in four states: Nebraska, Iowa, Kansas, and Missouri.

What Are Frost Heaves, and How Do They Affect Basements?

Dave Epp — Tue, 28 May 2024 00:00:00 GMT

Homeowners often battle various natural elements to keep their homes safe and intact, including frost heaves. Frost heave is a phenomenon that can cause significant damage to various concrete structures like roads and basements. Understanding what frost heaves are and how they occur, their effect on basements, how to repair any damage caused by frost heaves, and how to prevent frost heaving is critical for homeowners looking to protect their investment and maintain a safe living environment.

What Are Frost Heaves and How Do They Occur?

Frost heaves result from groundwater's freezing and thawing cycle beneath the soil surface. This cycle can cause the ground to lift, a process that can severely impact buildings and structures. Several conditions contribute to frost heave, including (1) the presence of water, (2) freezing temperatures, and (3) frost-susceptible soil, a type of soil that allows water to migrate and accumulate in the freezing zone, leading to ice formation.

It was previously believed that frost heave occurs when water in the soil freezes and expands, exerting upward pressure on the ground above and anything resting on it. However, after further investigation, scientists have learned that the process is actually due to a phenomenon called "ice segregation." During this process, ice begins to form in the soil as the temperature drops below freezing. Unfrozen water from the surrounding soil is drawn toward the already-formed ice lens, adding additional layers. This ice accumulation exerts pressure on the surrounding soil, causing it to expand and push upwards. Without restraints, this expansion can continue almost indefinitely, increasing the potential damage to structures built in these frost-susceptible areas.

What Are the Signs of Frost Heaving?

Identifying frost heaving early can make a significant difference in managing its impact. The most common signs include:

Unexpected Changes in Ground Level: You might notice areas of your lawn or driveway that appear raised or have shifted.
Cracks in the Foundation: Look for new or expanding cracks in the foundation walls, which indicate movement caused by frost heave.
Cracks in Interior Walls: Cracks in drywall or plaster, especially near corners of windows and doors, can signal that the house is shifting due to frost heave.
Misaligned Structures: Porches, decks, and other attached structures may begin to pull away from the main house.

How Do Frost Heaves Affect Basements?

Basements are particularly vulnerable to frost heave due to their proximity to the freezing soil. The pressure exerted by the expanding soil can cause:

Foundation Cracks: Both horizontal and vertical cracks can form in the foundation walls and supporting columns, compromising the structural integrity of your home.
Bowed Walls: Frost heave can exert uneven pressures against the basement's walls, causing them to bow.
Uneven Floors: Heaving can cause basement floors to crack and become uneven, posing safety risks and potentially damaging flooring material.
Water Leaks: Cracks in the foundation caused by frost heave can allow water to seep into the basement, leading to moisture problems, mold, and mildew.

How to Repair a Basement Affected by Frost Heave

Repairing a basement damaged by frost heave involves addressing the immediate damage and taking steps to prevent future occurrences. Immediate solutions include:

Sealing Cracks: Cracks in the foundation should be sealed to prevent water intrusion and further damage. Epoxy injection is a popular solution for sealing hairline cracks. It is minimally invasive, and Epp's foundation crack repair carries a 2 year warranty against water seeping through the repaired area. If you have a more significant, active leak after multiple failed repair attempts, the Xypex crack repair system may be the right solution, sealing the crack and stopping water and air leaks.
Underpinning: If frost heave has caused your home to settle unevenly, foundation underpinning is crucial to stabilizing it. Push or helical piers are attached to your foundation and driven through the ground until they reach stable soil. Your foundation is then stabilized on the piers, and lift is attempted to the maximum practical level.
Wall Supports: Bowed walls can be stabilized using anchors, supports, or wall straps. Wall anchors are installed outside your bowed basement wall and carry a lifetime warranty on stabilization. Wall supports are installed inside your basement, making them more suitable for homes where excavation is difficult. With only a four-inch depth, they do not interfere with framing; ask about the warranty that applies to your project. Straps are also installed within a basement and are suitable for walls that are bowed up to three inches. They can conveniently be painted over or covered with drywall.

How Can You Prevent Frost Heaves?

While altogether preventing frost heave can be challenging in susceptible climates, there are several strategies homeowners can employ to minimize their risk:

Clean Your Gutters and Install Downspout Extensions: This will ensure water and snowmelt are carried safely from your foundation, preventing oversaturation.
Install Foundation Insulation: Insulating the foundation can help maintain warmer soil temperatures, reducing the likelihood of freezing.
Choose the Right Soil: If you're building a new home or making significant landscaping changes, opt for less frost-susceptible soil types around the foundation, like those mixed with sand and gravel.
Regrade Your Yard: Ensure the yard slopes away from your home so that water and snow do not accumulate around your foundation.
Install a Drainage System: Installing a drain tile system or French drain with a sump pump is crucial to removing excessive water from the soil and protecting your basement. Drainage systems can be installed inside and outside of your basement.

Frost heaves can be a daunting problem for homeowners, causing significant damage to basements and foundations. However, by understanding how they occur, recognizing the signs, and employing both repair and prevention strategies, homeowners can protect their homes from the adverse effects of this natural phenomenon. If you suspect your basement is affected by frost heave, schedule a free foundation inspection and Customized Repair Estimate today. With decades of experience, our experts can determine the source of your foundation problems and provide effective solutions. We serve homeowners in Nebraska, Iowa, Kansas, and Missouri.

Window Well Drainage

Dave Epp — Mon, 20 May 2024 00:00:00 GMT

Do You Have A Leaky Basement? You May Have A Problem With Window Well Drainage

When a window well is not draining correctly, the window well drain is clogged, or the stone in the window well does not provide adequate drainage, water can pool as if it were an aquarium. When it gets high enough, this accumulated water can pour straight into your basement from between the window frame and the top of the wall, or even through the window itself. Inadequate window well drainage can cause a substantial amount of water to pour into your basement very quickly, thus creating a need for improved window well drainage.

Advantages of Window Well Drainage

Corrects inadequate drainage at the window well
Drainage application done from inside the basement to decrease yard disturbance
Controls water to prevent mold growth
New seal applied to interior of window well

Egress window well replacement

Standard window well replacement

Window well drain installed

Window well drain complete

Thermal hinge cover installed

Standard window well cover

What To Do When A Window Well Is Flooded

When a window well is flooded, it is important to take action as soon as possible in order to protect the health and safety of those living inside the home. The first step is to locate and address the source of the water. This may be due to heavy rainfall or snowmelt that has caused the well to fill up quickly. If this is the case, it is best to wait until the water level stabilizes naturally.

However, if there is an underlying problem with your window well that is causing it to fill up with standing water, then you need to fix the problem right away. This might include clearing any debris or dirt that has built up in the well and checking for any cracks or damage to the lining which may be causing leaks. It's also important to make sure that your window well cover is securely in place so that rainwater can't get in.

In some cases, it may be necessary to call a professional who can assess your window well and make any necessary repairs. This may include installing a sump pump system which will prevent water from building up in the soil around the foundation.

Contact Us Today

If you have a problem with window well drainage, contact us today to schedule an inspection. The top cities we serve are Lincoln, Omaha, Grand Island, Kearney, Norfolk, and many more; contact us today for a free estimate.

A Guide to Sump Pump Repair and Maintenance

Dave Epp — Fri, 17 May 2024 00:00:00 GMT

A sump pump is essential to a basement and crawl space waterproofing system. However, sump pumps require routine maintenance and, at times, repairs. Find out the main components of a sump pump, how to troubleshoot issues, standard sump pump repair methods, maintenance strategies, and when your sump pump needs to be replaced.

How Does a Sump Pump Work?

Sump pumps are usually part of a drain tile system that carries groundwater to the sump pit, and the pump ejects the water away from your home's foundation. But do you know how the pump works? Understanding the essential components and their purpose will help you troubleshoot any problems in the future.

Sump Pit, The sump pump is installed in a sump pit or basin and dug into the ground below the basement floor, crawl space, or in a low-lying area prone to flooding. The sump pit collects water entering the space through the drain tile system.
Float Switch, Similar to the floating mechanism in your toilet, the float switch floats on the water surface inside the sump pit. As the water level rises, the float switch rises. Once the water level reaches a specific point, the float triggers the pump to turn on and eject the water. The float will fall once the water drains, switching off the pump.
Motor and Impeller, Once activated, the sump pump motor starts running, and the impeller, a rotating component inside the pump, begins to spin. The impeller creates a centrifugal force that draws water into the pump.
Discharge Pipe, Water is forced out of the pump through a discharge pipe or hose to a safe location away from the foundation.
Check Valve, A check valve is installed in the discharge pipe to prevent water from flowing back into the sump basin once the pump shuts off. The valve helps maintain the system's integrity and prevents unnecessary pump cycling.
Battery Backup, Some sump pump systems may include a backup power source, such as a battery backup or generator, to ensure continued operation during power outages.

Sump Pump Troubleshooting and Repairs

Now that you have a basic understanding of the different sump pump parts, troubleshooting any problems and determining the appropriate repairs will be easier. Consider the following common scenarios:

Scenario 1: The sump pump will not turn on.

This could signal three potential causes, power failure, a damaged float switch, or a jammed impeller. A sump pump requires electricity or a battery to run. If there is a problem with the outlet or you do not have a backup power supply, you may have just found the problem. If the power is working, test the float switch by lifting it manually and seeing if it triggers the machine to turn on. If the problem is not the power or the switch, try turning off the pump and cleaning the impeller and the screen beneath it. If none of those repairs work, the sump pump may need to be replaced.

Scenario 2: The sump pump turns on but doesn't eject the water.

In this case, the problem likely lies with the impeller, the check valve, or the discharge pipe. Turn off your pump and check your impeller to ensure the blades are in good condition. Next, look at the check valve and ensure it was installed in the right direction and is not stuck. Lastly, ensure your discharge pipe is free of debris and leaks and has not frozen over.

Scenario 3: The sump pump is running continuously.

This could mean one of two things: the float switch is positioned incorrectly, or the pump is not strong enough to handle the amount of water collecting in your drainage system. The float switch will turn on with the slightest amount of water if the float switch is too low. If the pit seems to fill up constantly, but the pump is working smoothly, the pump may be too small and you will need an upgrade.

Scenario 4: The sump pump turns on or off too soon or too late.

Any timing issues with your sump pump turning on or off are likely a float switch problem. If the sump pump turns off before all the water is removed, it turns on when there is only a little water in the pit, or the pump does not turn on soon enough, you may need to readjust the float switch to sit lower or higher. Instructions are available in your sump pump's instruction manual.

Scenario 5: The sump pump is making strange noises.

If the sound of your sump pump has changed from a low hum to an unusually loud noise, there may be a problem with the impeller, the discharge pipe, or the check valve. A loud hum may signal a clogged or frozen discharge pump. A sudden banging may require you to secure your discharge pipe so it doesn't move while the pump is on. A grinding sound points to a jammed impeller. A gurgling noise is usually traced to the check valve and can be exchanged for a quieter model.

How to Maintain a Sump Pump

Maintaining your sump pump will minimize the need for repairs and maximize the pump's longevity. It is recommended that a homeowner perform an annual maintenance check on their sump pump. However, sump pumps that run frequently should be monitored more closely and serviced every three to four months. Testing your sump pump before a major storm is also good practice to ensure functionality and prevent flooding. A good maintenance routine includes the following:

Unplug the sump pump and thoroughly clean all of the components. Remove any standing water, dirt, and debris. Use a soft cloth to clean the housing, a wire brush for the inlet screen, and a plumbing snake for the discharge pipe. You can also pour a 1:1 ratio of water and vinegar into the pit to help remove any grime buildup.
Check for any rusty or faulty parts. Ensure the blades in the impeller are in good condition and there is no visible rust on any other pump parts. To check for defective parts, pour about five gallons of water into the pit until the pump turns on and ensure it runs smoothly with no unusual sounds. If the pump has tilted, level and brace it.
Lubricate the bearings. Please refer to your user manual for instructions since every pump is different, and some do not require lubrication.
Check your discharge pipe to ensure the free flow of water and that it is deposited in the right place. Repair any leaks and secure the pipe if it has shifted.
Test your backup power supply. Unplug your sump pump or turn off the power at the breaker. Then, fill up the sump pit. Ensure that the pump still turns on and ejects the water. Otherwise, you may be at risk of flooding during the next storm.
Install or check the sump pump cover. Installing a cover and ensuring it is still in good condition will prevent debris buildup. The cover promotes optimal functionality and makes maintenance a breeze.

While you can perform the annual maintenance yourself, it is recommended that you have an annual professional inspection since their expertise and specialized tools better equip them to catch problems early and provide a more thorough cleaning.

When Is a Sump Pump beyond Repair?

Depending on use, a sump pump's life expectancy ranges from seven to ten years. With that in mind, if you are experiencing recurring issues with your sump pump and it is seven to ten years old, it is best to replace it. We recommend placing a sticker or writing on your sump the installation date so you can keep track of its age.

If you have already checked all the parts of your sump pump and cannot narrow down the problem, it is best to have a professional inspection before writing the pump off as a dud. However, some common signs that your pump needs replacement are:

The pump has extensive rust.
The pump doesn't turn on despite having power and no debris.
The pump is constantly clogging.
The pump continually vibrates.
The pump turns on and off at seemingly random intervals.

It is also essential to compare the remaining life span of the pump with the cost of repairs. For instance, if the pump is over five years old, it is already approaching or has surpassed half its lifespan. In that case, you must decide if the repair cost is better spent investing in a new sump pump. If your sump pump has repeated failures, replacing the pump with a more reliable model is usually recommended. A professional can help you make that decision.

If you want to install a sump pump system in your basement or crawl space or your sump pump is having issues, schedule an appointment with us today. We also provide numerous other basement waterproofing solutions for your foundation. Our experts service Nebraska and parts of Iowa, Kansas, and Missouri.

My Floor Feels Uneven When Walking: What Should I Do?

Dave Epp — Mon, 06 May 2024 00:00:00 GMT

An uneven floor can mean anything from a weakening floor joist to your foundation sinking unevenly. But before you jump to any conclusions, find out the common causes of uneven floors, the difference between a sagging and a sloping floor, other signs of foundation failure, repair methods, and how to prevent uneven floors.

Why Does My Floor Feel Uneven When Walking On It?

If you get dizzy or stumble when walking through certain parts of your home or walking with an uneven, bouncy gait, your floors are likely uneven. There are various reasons why a floor feels uneven when walking on it, but the most common causes are subfloor issues and differential settlement.

Subfloor Issues

If your house has a crawl space foundation, the subfloor system of beams, joists, and support posts supports your floor. If any part of the subfloor is damaged, you may notice your floor feeling spongy, sagging, or sloping. Subfloor damage can occur due to various reasons, such as:

Water Damage: Leaks, flooding, or high humidity levels can cause the subfloor to warp, swell, or rot, weakening its structural integrity.
Pests: Insects like termites, carpenter ants, or wood-boring beetles can damage the subfloor by tunneling through and weakening the wood.
Improper Installation: Improper installation or using subpar materials susceptible to moisture damage or deterioration can lead to subfloor damage.
Wear and Tear: Over time, the subfloor may naturally deteriorate due to age-related factors like exposure to environmental elements, foot traffic, and general wear and tear.

Differential Settlement

Over time, it is natural for a home's foundation to settle or sink into the soil. However, if part of your foundation settles faster than the rest, that is called differential settlement and can cause sloping floors, amongst other structural problems. Differential settlement can be caused by:

Inadequate Soil Compaction: Improper soil compaction during construction can create voids or pockets beneath the foundation, causing uneven settlement over time.
Problematic Soil: Soil with a high clay content will expand and contract during heavy rainfall and drought. This cycle can cause your home's foundation to move and shift over time. Other soils are prone to erosion, creating voids beneath the foundation and causing it to shift and settle unevenly.
Tree Roots: Tree roots can extract moisture from the soil beneath a foundation, causing differential settlement. Additionally, the growth of tree roots near a foundation can crack it and exert pressure on the soil, leading to variations in settlement.
Excavation and Construction: Nearby construction activities can disturb the soil beneath a foundation, leading to differential settlement. Also, ill-planned additions to a building can overload the foundation and cause it to settle unevenly.
Earthquakes: Earthquakes can cause differential settlement by shaking or shifting the soil beneath a foundation.

The Difference between a Sagging and Sloping Floor

While determining if your floors are sagging versus sloping may seem trivial, it will help you find the possible source of the problem. A sagging floor has dips and will feel spongy when walking on it. These dips can occur anywhere on the ground floor. A steady decline characterizes a sloping floor and usually follows a pattern throughout the house, with the floors in adjacent rooms leaning in the same direction. Sagging floors are generally due to subflooring issues, whereas sloping floors can be caused by localized subfloor issues or differential settlement.

How Do I Know If My Floors Are Sloping?

There are many ways to identify a sloping floor, but the simplest method is to take a small ball, like a marble or golf ball, and place it on the suspected area. If the marble rolls on its own, then your floor is sloping. Another telltale sign is a widening gap between the floor and the wall or baseboards. The wider the gap, the steeper the slope and the more severe the underlying problem is.

How Do I Know If My Uneven Floors Are Caused by Differential Settlement?

If your home's foundation is settling unevenly, you will notice other problems around your home aside from sloping floors. If you notice any of the following issues, it is time to call a foundation repair expert:

Cracks: Cracks in walls, ceilings, or drywall seams may indicate foundation issues. These cracks commonly appear near the rooms' doors, windows, and corners. You may also notice cracks on the exterior of your home. Stair-step cracks are among the most notorious signs of foundation damage, but diagonal and horizontal cracks may also signal damage.
Sticking Doors or Windows: Differential settlement can warp your home's framing, making the doors and windows increasingly difficult to open and close.
Visible Foundation Damage: Cracks in the foundation walls, bulging or bowing, or water seepage require immediate attention.
Gaps Around Exterior Features: Gaps around your chimney, porch, deck, or stairway often indicate foundation damage. These features can separate from the main house when the foundation sinks unevenly.

How to Repair an Uneven Floor

The first step to repairing an uneven floor is to determine the source of the problem. Don't make the costly mistake of replacing your floors or using self-leveling concrete because such fixes are only temporary and may worsen the existing situation. Schedule an appointment with a foundation repair specialist for a thorough inspection. An expert can determine if the problem is related to your subfloor or foundation, what caused the problem, and the best repair methods. Typical repair methods include:

Crawl Space Repair: Damaged floor beams, joists, and support posts must be repaired or replaced. In areas where the floor sags, adjustable support jacks can be installed to help level your floor.
Foundation Underpinning: If your foundation is settling unevenly, push or helical piers can be installed to stabilize it. Differential settlement will only worsen over time, so the sooner you correct the issue, the less extensive the repairs are likely to be.
Basement Wall Repair: If your basement wall is bowed or cracked, it could contribute to your sloping floors. Repair solutions include wall anchors and carbon fiber straps.

How to Prevent Uneven Floors

The most significant factor contributing to foundation and subfloor damage is water. Hence, the best way to prevent uneven floors is to prevent water from building up in the ground around your home. Try these methods:

Efficient Gutter System: Keeping your gutters clean and installing downspout extensions will keep water from pooling near your foundation.
Properly Graded Yard: Your yard should slope away from your home so water will flow away from your foundation.
Drain Tile System with Sump Pump: A drainage system will collect excessive water from the soil and pump it away from your home.
Crawl Space Encapsulation: Waterproofing your foundation will protect it and maximize its longevity.

We offer free foundation inspections and repair services throughout Nebraska and parts of Iowa, Kansas, and Missouri. With decades of experience, our team is qualified to find the root cause of your uneven floors and fix it.

Cracked Walls 101: Types, Causes, and Fixes

Dave Epp — Fri, 03 May 2024 00:00:00 GMT

Cracked walls can be far more than unsightly. They can be signs of more serious problems like water damage or foundation issues. But how can you tell what's causing the crack in your wall? You've come to the right place! In this article, we will break down the types of wall cracks, common causes, various repair solutions, and insight into when to call a professional for assessment.

What Are the Different Types of Wall Cracks?

Concrete, drywall, plaster, stucco, brick, you name it, and it can crack. Determining the type of crack your wall has is the first step to understanding the cause of the crack and repairing it. While the following list is not exhaustive of the types of cracks that can appear in your walls, the vast majority will fall into one of these five categories:

Hairline Cracks, Hairline cracks are fine cracks that are smaller than 1/10 of an inch wide. They may vary in size and quantity and are usually superficial, requiring minimal repairs.
Vertical Cracks, A vertical crack runs straight up and down and is not often a cause for alarm. If you have a drywall crack that seems perfectly straight, it is likely due to faulty seam taping between two drywall sheets, and it can be easily repaired. But if there are multiple vertical cracks along the same wall, especially if it is an exterior or foundation wall, there could be foundation issues with your home.
Horizontal Cracks, A horizontal crack runs parallel to the floor. These cracks are usually quite serious because they are signs of structural problems.
Diagonal Cracks, These cracks typically run at about a 45-degree angle across the wall. They often start from corners, window frames, and door frames. Diagonal cracks almost always signal foundation damage.
Stair-Step Cracks, Stair-step cracks are common in brick and concrete block walls and travel up along the seams of the blocks. Stair-step cracks are a tell-tale sign of foundation problems.

What Causes Wall Cracks?

Wall cracks can be caused by various factors, ranging from water leaks to severe structural issues. Here are some common causes of wall cracks:

Moisture, Water infiltration from leaks, plumbing issues, or high humidity levels can weaken the structural integrity of the walls and lead to cracks. Moisture-related cracks may be accompanied by staining, bubbling, or peeling of paint or wallpaper.
Age and Wear, As buildings age, materials may degrade or deteriorate, increasing susceptibility to cracks. Normal wear and tear and poor maintenance can also contribute to the development of cracks over time.
Settling, When a building's foundation settles over time, it can cause the walls to shift slightly, leading to hairline cracks. Minor settling is common in most buildings and usually does not pose a significant structural concern. However, differential settlement, when your home sinks unevenly, is a severe problem that requires professional attention. Differential settlement may happen because of factors like expansive soil, drought, oversaturated soil, and invasive tree roots.
Temperature Fluctuations, Changes in temperature and humidity levels can cause materials like drywall to expand and contract. Over time, this repeated movement can result in cracks, especially in areas with extreme temperature variations or homes left vacant for multiple months without temperature regulation.
Poor Construction Techniques, Improper drywall installation, inadequate framing, or subpar building materials can contribute to wall cracks.
Exterior Factors, External factors such as nearby construction work, heavy traffic vibrations, or tree roots can exert pressure on the building structure and contribute to wall cracks, especially if the building's foundation was previously compromised.
Natural Disasters -Earthquakes, floods, or tornadoes can cause sudden and severe structural damage, including wall cracks.

Identifying the underlying cause of wall cracks is crucial for determining the appropriate repair approach. While minor hairline cracks may only require cosmetic fixes, more severe or structural cracks may necessitate professional repairs to ensure the safety and stability of the building.

When Should I Worry about My Cracked Walls?

While we recommend that all cracks be readily fixed to prevent future issues, not all cracks should cause alarm. The key is to determine whether the crack is structural, which requires careful observation and assessment. Here are some indicators that can help you identify whether a crack may be related to structural issues:

Width, Structural cracks are wider than hairline cracks, 1/10 inch or wider. They may also extend diagonally or horizontally across the wall or appear in a stair-step pattern along mortar joints in masonry walls. Additionally, if the crack seems wider at one end of the crack, it is likely a structural crack.
Location, Cracks near corners, windows, doors, or along the edges of ceilings are more likely to be related to differential settlement. Cracks that appear repeatedly in the same location may indicate ongoing structural issues.
Depth, Structural cracks often extend beyond the surface layer of paint or plaster and may be accompanied by visible separation or displacement of the surrounding materials.
Associated Symptoms, Look for other signs of structural issues, such as uneven floors, doors or windows that no longer close properly, or gaps between walls and floors or ceilings.

If you suspect that a crack may be structural, it's essential to consult with a foundation repair specialist for a thorough assessment. They can evaluate the cracks' characteristics, inspect the foundation and structure, and recommend appropriate repairs. Ignoring or patching up structural cracks will only lead to further damage and compromise the safety and stability of your home.

Can You Fix Cracked Walls?

Cracked walls are absolutely fixable. However, you must correct the underlying issue before fixing a crack. For instance, if a plumbing leak caused the crack, you must stop the leak and replace the drywall, otherwise the crack will reappear. If your house is settling unevenly, you will need foundation underpinning to raise and stabilize your home before attempting to fix the crack.

Once the underlying issue has been corrected, it is time to patch the crack. Here are some standard repair methods:

Drywall Patch, Prepare the wall by removing debris, such as paint chips, old drywall tape, etc. Then, spread joint compound over the crack, apply drywall tape, and another layer or two of joint compound. Once the crack is covered, smoothen the wall out with a wet sponge. Once the wall is dry, you can paint. For more detailed instructions, read the article " How to Fix Cracked Drywall Ceiling."

Epoxy Injection, This repair solution is for larger hairline cracks, typically in concrete walls. It involves a professional injecting a urethane resin into the crack and sealing it with an epoxy paste. Epoxy injections come with a 2-year transferable limited warranty.
Xypex Crack Repair, If your concrete foundation wall has a large crack, a specialist can use the Xypex crack repair system to fill and seal the crack from inside your home, eliminating water and air leaks.
Wall Clay Process, If there is a crack in your foundation but it is obstructed by drywall or paneling, a professional can repair the crack from the exterior of your home using a waterproof granular clay solution.

When Should I Call a Professional about My Cracked Wall?

If you suspect that the crack in your wall seems to be structural, it is imperative to call a foundation repair specialist. Foundation damage only worsens, making time your enemy. Calling a professional early on will ensure that your home remains safe and repair costs are minimal. Remember, if you notice any of the following signs, your crack is likely structural:

Wider than 1/10 inch
Horizontal, diagonal, or stair-step crack
Multiple vertical cracks
The crack is wider on one side
The crack is near a corner, door frame, or window frame
You spot other problems like uneven floors or gaps between the wall and floor or ceiling

We offer free foundation inspections and are happy to help you find the best solution for your home's needs. We service Nebraska and parts of Iowa, Missouri, and Kansas. Schedule your foundation repair consultation today.

Catch Basin vs French Drain: Which Drain Should I Get?

Dave Epp — Fri, 26 Apr 2024 00:00:00 GMT

Choosing a drainage system for your yard may seem confusing. Two popular solutions are catch basin drains and French drains. By understanding how these systems work, their primary purposes, their drawbacks, and how to understand what your yard needs, you can pick the best system for your property.

What Is a Catch Basin Drain?

A catch basin drain, also known as a storm drain, is a critical component of a drainage system designed to manage surface water runoff and prevent flooding. It is typically a rectangular or round underground structure with a grate or ground-level opening to collect rainwater. The catch basin is connected to a network of pipes that channel the collected water to a designated discharge point, such as a nearby stream, river, retention pond, or municipal storm sewer system.

Key features of a catch basin drain include:

Opening: The top of the catch basin features a grate or opening that allows surface water to enter the drainage system but prevents debris from clogging the drain.
Basin: Below the grate is a basin or sump where debris and pollutants settle from the collected water. The separation prevents clogging and maintains the efficiency of the drainage system.
Outlet Pipe: The basin is connected to an outlet pipe discharging the water at a suitable location.

What Is the Purpose of a Catch Basin Drain?

In residential settings, a catch basin drain's primary function is to manage surface water runoff around the property and prevent flooding, protecting the home's foundation and surrounding structures. The primary purposes of a home catch basin drain are:

Surface Water Management: It collects water runoff and snowmelt to prevent the water from accumulating on hard surfaces like driveways and patios. A catch basin helps prevent flooding of low-lying areas on the property, such as basements, crawl spaces, and yards.
Erosion Control: Excessive surface water runoff can cause soil erosion and lead to differential settlement of your foundation. A catch basin helps control erosion by capturing runoff and directing it away from vulnerable areas.
Protecting the Foundation: Proper drainage around the home is essential for protecting the foundation from water-related damage, such as settling and cracking. A catch basin helps prevent water from pooling around the foundation.

What Are the Drawbacks of Catch Basin Drains?

Catch basins can become clogged with debris and sediment over time, reducing effectiveness. Regular cleaning and maintenance are necessary to ensure proper functioning.

It is also important to note that catch basins can capture pollutants and chemicals from your yard or driveway and contaminate downstream water bodies or groundwater sources. Hence, it is critical to ensure appropriate filtration or treatment to mitigate this risk.

Installing catch basin drains requires excavation and underground piping by qualified professionals to ensure optimal performance and longevity. As a result, installation can be labor-intensive and costly. Catch basins also have a limited storage capacity, and during periods of intense runoff, they may become overwhelmed, leading to temporary flooding or water backup. Proper sizing and placement of catch basins are essential to mitigate this risk.

What Is a French Drain?

A French drain is an underground drainage system designed to manage surface and groundwater runoff and prevent water accumulation around your home and yard. It consists of a trench filled with gravel or rock and a perforated pipe that redirects water away from the area of concern.

Here's how a French drain typically works and its components:

Trench: A trench is excavated along the desired drainage path. The trench is usually sloped to ensure proper water flow and can vary in depth and width depending on the specific drainage needs and site conditions.
Perforated Pipe: A perforated pipe, usually made of PVC or corrugated plastic, is placed at the bottom of the trench. The pipe is perforated with evenly spaced holes or slots to allow water to enter and be carried away from the area.
Gravel: The trench is filled with gravel surrounding the perforated pipe. The gravel provides a porous medium through which water can flow freely, preventing soil from clogging the pipe.
Permeable Fabric: In some cases, a layer of permeable fabric may be placed around the perforated pipe and gravel to help filter out sediment and prevent clogging.
Discharge Point: The perforated pipe directs water collected in the trench to a designated discharge point, such as a storm drain, dry well, or a low-lying area where the water can safely drain away from the property.

What Is the Purpose of a French Drain?

The purpose of a French drain is to effectively manage surface water runoff and groundwater infiltration, particularly in areas prone to water accumulation, flooding, or soil erosion. French drains are commonly used around the perimeter of your foundation or in landscaping projects to help control water flow and protect them from water-related damage.

Key benefits of French drains include:

Protecting Foundation: Excess water around the foundation can lead to soil erosion, settlement, and structural damage over time. French drains help keep the soil around the foundation dry by intercepting and diverting water away from the home.
Controlling Soil Erosion: French drains prevent water from washing away topsoil and landscaping features, maintaining the stability and aesthetic appeal of the property.
Improving Yard Drainage: Poor drainage can result in a soggy yard. French drains help improve yard drainage by efficiently removing excess water from the soil.

What Are the Drawbacks of French Drains?

Installing a French drain can be labor-intensive and may require excavation of trenches around the home's perimeter or yard. This process can be disruptive and time-consuming for some homeowners, as well as cause a significant installation cost. Some also find that the presence of the French drain detracts from the overall aesthetics of the property. However, careful planning and landscaping can seamlessly integrate the drain into the surroundings.

French drains also require regular maintenance to ensure optimal performance, although usually not as often as catch basin drains. French drains have a finite capacity for collecting and redirecting water away from the property. During heavy rainfall events or periods of intense runoff, the drain may become overwhelmed, leading to temporary flooding or water backup. Proper sizing and design of the French drain system are essential to minimize this risk. French drains may also capture pollutants like catch basins, so appropriate filtration or treatment is imperative to protect water bodies and groundwater sources.

How Do I Decide Which Drainage System to Get?

Deciding between a catch basin and a French drain depends on several factors, including the specific drainage needs of your property, site conditions, and personal preferences. Here are some considerations to help you determine which option is best suited for your situation:

Surface Water vs. Groundwater: Determine whether the drainage issue primarily involves surface water runoff or groundwater infiltration. If you're dealing with surface water runoff, a catch basin may be more appropriate, especially since it can handle larger amounts of runoff than a French drain system. A French drain may be more effective if the problem involves groundwater seepage or soil saturation.
Extent of Drainage Area: Assess the size and extent of the drainage area that needs to be addressed. Catch basins are typically used in specific locations to capture water runoff, while French drains are often installed along the perimeter of your foundation to intercept and redirect groundwater.
Soil Type: Consider the soil type of your property. French drains are effective in various soil types, including clay, sand, and loam. Catch basin drains may be more suitable for areas with compacted or poorly draining soil where surface water tends to accumulate.
Site Accessibility: Evaluate the accessibility of the site where the drainage system will be installed. Catch basins require excavation and underground piping, which may be more challenging in areas with limited access or existing landscaping features. French drains also require trenching but may be easier to install in certain situations.
Aesthetic Preferences: Catch basins are more visible above ground and may detract from the overall aesthetics of the landscape, with multiple metal grates spread throughout the property. French drains are typically installed underground and may be less intrusive, especially if integrated into the property's landscaping.

Ultimately, the best choice between a catch basin and a French drain depends on your specific drainage needs and desires. Some homeowners have opted to install both drainage systems to maximize water management. Consulting with a qualified professional can help you assess your options and determine the most appropriate solution.

If you are concerned about yard drainage and want to protect your home's foundation, schedule a free inspection with us today. Our experts will review various drainage options and other ways to protect your property. We service areas in Nebraska, Iowa, Kansas, and Missouri.

What Is a Crawl Space Sump Pump, and Why Do I Need One?

Dave Epp — Mon, 22 Apr 2024 00:00:00 GMT

Installing a sump pump in your crawl space is essential in protecting your foundation from water damage and all its associated troubles. By waterproofing your crawl space, you can prevent issues like mold, wood rot, and pest infestations while gaining valuable storage space, peace of mind, and increasing the value of your home.

Let's discuss what a crawl space and a sump pump are, signs that you might need a sump pump, how a sump pump works, and other ways you can protect your foundation from moisture.

What Is a Crawl Space?

A crawl space is a type of foundation commonly used in residential homes in the Midwest. It is a shallow foundation with an open area, typically between 1.5 to 3 feet in height, beneath the ground floor of a house. It provides just enough space for someone to crawl through, hence the name. The crawl space allows access to plumbing, HVAC systems, and electrical wiring below the home, making it easier to perform maintenance or repairs on these systems.

What Is a Crawl Space Sump Pump?

A sump pump is a device located in a home's crawl space to remove accumulated water in a sump pit. The primary function of a sump pump is to prevent flooding by pumping out excess water and redirecting it away from the foundation of the structure. Sump pumps are essential to protecting a home from water damage and the potential hazards that come with it.

How Do I Know If My Crawl Space Needs a Sump Pump?

Unless you live in an extremely arid region, a sump pump is essential to prevent water damage in your crawl space. You need a sump pump if you notice any of these crawl space problem signs of moisture in your crawl space.

Musty Odor, A musty smell is usually an indicator of mold, mildew, or stagnant water.
Visible Mold or Mildew, Mold and mildew thrive in damp, humid environments and may appear as black, green, or white patches on surfaces such as walls, floor joists, insulation, or subflooring.
Standing Water, Puddles or standing puddles in the crawl space indicate water intrusion from sources such as groundwater infiltration or surface runoff.
Condensation, Condensation on surfaces such as pipes, ductwork, or insulation may indicate high humidity levels in the crawl space.
Rotting Wood, Moisture can cause wood to rot and decay over time, weakening structural components such as floor joists, beams, and subflooring.
Rusty Metal, Excess moisture in the crawl space can lead to corrosion and rust formation on metal components such as support beams, ductwork, or plumbing fixtures.
High Humidity Level, Elevated humidity levels in the crawl space can promote mold growth, wood rot, and other moisture-related issues.
Damp Insulation, Damp insulation or other building materials in the crawl space indicate moisture infiltration from sources such as groundwater, plumbing leaks, or inadequate drainage.
Insect Infestations, Moist environments in crawl spaces provide ideal conditions for insect infestations, including termites, carpenter ants, and wood-boring beetles.

What Are the Benefits of a Sump Pump in My Crawl Space?

There are many benefits of installing a sump pump in your crawl space, including:

Efficient water removal, A sump pump protects your crawl space from flooding and damage by directing water a safe distance from your foundation.
Durable and reliable, A well-maintained sump pump typically lasts seven to ten years. It works automatically to mitigate water damage, even when the power is out (so long as it is attached to a backup battery).
Prevent mold, By effectively and reliably preventing water buildup in your crawl space, you can prevent mold growth that can eventually spread to your home and cause health concerns and expensive repairs.
Protects your foundation, Water accumulation in a crawl space can weaken the structural integrity of the home's foundation, support beams, and floor joists. By preventing water from pooling or saturating the soil beneath the house, a sump pump helps maintain the stability and strength of these structural components, reducing the risk of costly repairs or foundation damage.
Mitigates pest infestations, By controlling moisture levels and reducing standing water, a sump pump can help deter pest infestations and protect the home from structural damage caused by wood-destroying insects.
Enhances property value, A dry, well-maintained crawl space can improve a home's overall value and marketability.

How Does a Sump Pump in a Crawl Space Work?

There are different types of sump pumps, and they each work a bit differently. However, the typical crawl space sump pump works like this:

Sump Pit, A sump pit, also known as a sump basin or sump well, is a small pit or reservoir dug into the lowest part of a crawl space. It collects water that enters the space, typically through a drainage system like drain tile.
Pump Mechanism, The sump pump is typically installed inside the sump pit and is equipped with a motor, impeller, and float switch. When water in the sump pit reaches a certain level, the float switch activates the pump, signaling it to start pumping water out of the pit.
Water Removal, The pump's impeller rapidly spins, creating a suction force that draws water into the pump and through a discharge pipe or hose. The water is then expelled from the pump and directed away from the building's foundation through a discharge pipe.
Automatic Operation, Many sump pumps have automatic switches that activate the pump when water levels rise above a predetermined threshold and deactivate it when water levels recede. An automatic switch ensures continuous operation and helps prevent flooding even when you are not home.
Backup Power, To ensure reliable operation during power outages, some sump pumps have backup power sources, such as battery backups or generators. These backup systems can provide power to the pump during emergencies and help prevent flooding during power failures.

Are There Other Ways to Protect My Crawl Space from Water Damage?

Absolutely! Aside from installing a drain tile system and a sump pump, consider the following crawl space repair solutions:

Install a crawl space vapor barrier, A vapor or moisture barrier prevents moisture from the soil from seeping into your crawl space.
Install a dehumidifier, A dehumidifier will actively remove moisture from the air and prevent condensation.
Ensure you have an efficient gutter system, Keep your gutters free of debris and install crawl space downspout extensions to prevent water from accumulating near your foundation.
Regrade your yard, Make sure that your yard slopes away from your home so that water does not pool around your home.
Install a French drain, A French drain collects water from your yard and directs it away from your home, preventing your crawl space from flooding.
Avoid landscaping too close to the home, This will prevent the need for watering plants close to your foundation and risking moisture in your crawl space.

If you want to protect your home and your family by waterproofing your crawl space, schedule an appointment with our experts today. We specialize in sealing and encapsulating your crawl space and waterproofing solutions, including installing drainage and sump pump systems. We handle Lincoln crawl space repair and Omaha crawl space repair, plus Grand Island, Kearney, Nebraska, Missouri, Iowa, and parts of Northeastern Kansas.

How Serious Are Cracks in the Foundation of a House?

Dave Epp — Fri, 19 Apr 2024 00:00:00 GMT

Cracks in a house's foundation vary in severity. While some may only require a small patch job, others can threaten the structural integrity of your home. With that in mind, it is vital to determine which cracks are causes for alarm and when to contact a foundation repair specialist. This article will review what causes foundation cracks, the types of cracks, how to determine if a crack is serious, and other signs of foundation damage.

Why Do Foundations Crack?

Foundations can crack for various reasons, ranging from natural settlement to structural issues. Here are some common causes of foundation cracks:

Natural Settlement: When a house is built, the structure's weight causes the soil beneath the foundation to compress and settle over time. This natural settlement can lead to minor cracks in the foundation as it adjusts to the changing soil conditions. Small hairline cracks are often expected and may not indicate a serious structural problem.
Expansive Soils: Certain soil types, such as clay soils, can expand and contract significantly with changes in moisture levels. This cyclical movement exerts pressure on the foundation and can cause foundation movement and cracking over time.
Hydrostatic Pressure: Hydrostatic pressure, or the pressure exerted by groundwater against the foundation, can cause foundation cracks and the bowing of walls, particularly in areas with poor drainage or high water tables.
Tree Roots: Large tree roots near the foundation can disrupt the soil beneath the foundation, leading to structural damage over time. They can also exert pressure on the foundation walls, causing them to crack or shift.
Poor Construction Practices: Improper construction techniques, such as inadequate reinforcement, improper concrete mix, insufficient soil compaction, or insufficient drainage, can compromise the foundation's integrity and lead to cracking. Poorly constructed foundations may be more susceptible to cracking and other structural issues.
Extreme Weather Conditions: Extreme weather events like droughts, floods, earthquakes, or annual freeze-thaw cycles can damage the foundation and contribute to cracking. For example, prolonged droughts can cause soil shrinkage and settlement, while heavy rains can lead to soil erosion and foundation movement.
New Construction: Excavation and construction done near your home's foundation can cause changes in the soil below your foundation, leading to uneven settling of your house and cracks in your foundation. Home additions, especially that of another story, can put excessive weight on the foundation and lead to cracking or structural failure.

What Are the Different Types of Foundation Cracks?

About five main types of cracks can appear in your home's foundation, and they can be narrowed down into two categories: structural and non-structural cracks. Structural cracks threaten the integrity of your home and can eventually lead to foundation failure, making your home unsafe. Non-structural cracks, on the other hand, will not compromise the safety of your home, although they can pose a risk for leaks and future foundation problems if left unattended. Let's review each type of crack and its significance.

Stair Step Cracks: Stair step cracks are common amongst block foundations and are usually a tell-tale sign of foundation failure. This type of crack often results from differential settlement of your foundation or excessive moisture in the surrounding soil.
Large Diagonal Cracks: A small diagonal crack is not always a sign of structural issues when isolated and does not grow over time. However, if the crack enlarges in width or length over time, is wider on one end than the other, or you start to notice water penetration, this could signal a structural issue and should be addressed by a professional.
Vertical Cracks: Vertical cracks are usually not a structural issue and result from the concrete's curing process and the home's natural settling. However, if you begin to notice multiple vertical cracks along the same wall, widening of the existing crack, or water leakage, it is time to call a foundation repair specialist.
Horizontal Cracks: Horizontal cracks usually signal structural issues and should be repaired immediately. These cracks typically occur because of differential settlement of the foundation and hydrostatic pressure. You may experience worsening leaks and the foundation wall bowing inward if left unaddressed.
Hairline Cracks: Hairline cracks are thin cracks no more than 1/10 of an inch wide. They are generally cosmetic and result from the concrete's curing process and the natural settlement of your home. They should still be sealed to prevent any means of water penetration.

How Do You Know If a Foundation Crack in Your Home Is Serious?

Structural cracks are always serious and warrant immediate repair. Determining whether a foundation crack in your home is structural requires careful observation and evaluation. Here are some factors to consider when assessing the severity of a foundation crack:

Width and Length: Smaller cracks are generally less concerning than larger ones. Measure the width and length of the crack using a ruler or tape measure. Cracks wider than 1/10 of an inch or longer than a few feet may indicate more significant structural issues.
Direction: The direction of the crack can provide clues about the cause and severity of the problem. Vertical cracks are often less concerning than horizontal cracks, which may indicate that your home is settling unevenly or that the soil around your home lacks sufficient drainage.
Location: Pay attention to where the crack is located concerning the foundation and the rest of the structure. Cracks that extend from the foundation walls into the house's interior, particularly near doorways or windows, may be more concerning than isolated cracks in the exterior walls.
Depth: Evaluate the depth of the crack by examining how far it extends into the foundation wall. Shallow, surface-level cracks may be less concerning than deep, penetrating cracks that extend through the entire thickness of the wall. Call a repair specialist if you can stick a coin partway into the crack.
Associated Symptoms: Look for other signs of structural damage or distress, such as uneven floors and sticking doors or windows. These symptoms may indicate uneven settling of the home's foundation.
Moisture: Examine the area around the crack for signs of moisture or water intrusion, such as dampness, staining, or mold growth. Moisture related issues can exacerbate foundation problems and should be addressed promptly to prevent further damage.

Other Signs That Your Home's Foundation Is Damaged

If your home's foundation has structural problems, you will notice more than cracks in the foundation. Check if you have experienced any of these symptoms:

Increasing difficulty opening particular doors and windows.
Cracks in the walls, floor, or ceiling, specifically on the first floor of your home.
Gaps or diagonal cracks around windows and doors.
Sloping floors and gaps between the floors and baseboards.
Gaps between the walls and ceiling.
Torn or wrinkled wallpaper.
Bowed walls.
Chimneys or porches pulling away from the house.

Call a foundation repair specialist for an inspection if you notice any of these symptoms.

Is It Safe to Live in a House with a Cracked Foundation?

If the crack is non-structural, your family should not worry about the house crumbling down. However, structural cracks require immediate attention since they can eventually cause your home to be deemed unsafe. But don't become overly anxious by cracks in your home's foundation. Even serious structural cracks do not have to send you and your family packing. A specialist can restore your home's structural integrity for many decades with the appropriate foundation repair methods.

If you have concerns about a foundation crack or notice any signs of structural damage, schedule a consultation with our qualified foundation specialists. We can assess the crack, identify the underlying cause, and recommend appropriate repairs. We service Nebraska, Iowa, Kansas, and Missouri.

When Should I Worry about Cracked Bricks?

Dave Epp — Wed, 03 Apr 2024 00:00:00 GMT

Cracks along a brick wall are not always a cause for immediate alarm, but it is imperative to distinguish structural from nonstructural cracks. Structural cracks require quick repair because they are signs of foundation damage that threaten the structural integrity of your home. Nonstructural cracks are usually just cosmetic issues, but they should still be monitored and repaired to prevent future damage.

You have come to the right place if you have a crack in your brick wall. In this article, find out why brick walls crack in the Midwest, the story your cracked brick is telling you, and how to repair your cracked brick wall.

What Causes Brick Walls to Crack?

Brick walls crack for many reasons, but here are the top seven:

Differential Settlement

Differential settlement is when part of your foundation sinks faster than the rest. This happens because of:

Poor site preparation
Expansive soil
Poor water drainage
Erosion
Earthquakes
Excavation too close to the foundation

Differential settlement is grave because it threatens the structural integrity of your home. As your home unevenly settles, it forces cracks along your brick wall.

Hydrostatic Pressure

When water builds up in the soil surrounding your foundation, it exerts immense pressure on your home. If you have a poor drainage system, the water will continue to build pressure in the soil and cause your foundation and, eventually, your brick wall to crack and bow.

Overloading

Too much weight or pressure on your brick walls can cause them to crack. Overloading usually happens because of hydrostatic pressure or a home addition gone awry. In rare cases, overloading may occur because of poor home design.

Thermal Expansion

Bricks and mortar are porous, meaning they can absorb moisture. Over time, as the weather and seasons change, the bricks and mortar go through periods of expansion and contraction as they absorb and release water. This constant movement leads to cracking.

Water Damage

If your brick wall is constantly exposed to water damage, perhaps because of a leak behind your brick wall, clogged gutters, or preexisting cracks, the bricks and mortar are weakened and are subject to cracking.

Age and Deterioration

Older brick homes are naturally subject to cracking because of the brick and mortar's inevitable wear and tear and deterioration. Deterioration is especially evident in homes that are poorly maintained.

Invasive Plants

Tree roots can extend toward your home and cause cracks in your foundation and walls. They may also cause the soil to shift, contributing to differential settlement as they grow. Another type of problematic plant is invasive vines. While vines growing along the side of your home may look visually appealing, their root systems can create cracks in the wall and allow moisture to penetrate, leading to further deterioration.

What Are the Different Types of Brick Cracks?

Three main types of brick cracks are horizontal, vertical, and diagonal or stairstep. Each one provides a clue about the underlying issues your home is facing.

Horizontal Cracks

Horizontal cracks may signal one of the following issues:

Improper curing of the mortar
Lack of expansion joints
Rusting metal lintels
Foundation settlement

While all of these issues should be addressed to prevent further damage, issues related to differential settlement should be addressed promptly. If the horizontal crack is due to a foundation issue, you may notice that one side of the crack is wider, the crack is along the lower half of the wall, or the wall is bowed.

Vertical Crack

Vertical cracks usually occur because of:

Thermal expansion
Poor workmanship
Overloading
Foundation settlement

If the crack is because of overloading of the wall or foundation settlement, contact a repair specialist right away.

Diagonal or Stairtep Cracks

Diagonal and stairstep cracks are almost always due to foundation issues. If you start to see any sign of this type of crack, schedule an appointment with a professional immediately.

How Do I Know If My Cracked Bricks Are a Sign of Foundation Issues?

Sometimes, it may be difficult to tell if the cracks in your brick are due to foundation damage and warrant immediate repair. Not to worry, because there are many other telltale foundation repair signs that, if you also spot them around your home, you know it is time to call a foundation repair professional.

Cracks in walls, floors, and ceilings: If your foundation is settling unevenly, you will see cracks running up or across your walls, floors, or ceiling. Check your basement or the first story of your home for early signs of damage.
Gaps between walls and the floor or ceiling: Differential settlement causes the walls to pull away from the floors or ceiling. If you notice any gaps, monitor them closely to see if they grow over time.
Sloping floor: If you can put a marble on the floor and it starts rolling, you have a sloping floor.
Sticking windows and doors: When a home settles unevenly, it warps the house's framing. The warped framing causes the doors and windows to start sticking in the affected areas and become more difficult to open.
Leaning or cracked chimney: Check your chimney for cracks or separation from the home.
Leaning or cracked porches and steps: If your porches start pulling away from your home or developing large cracks, you have foundation problems.
Bowed walls: Foundation damage may cause the walls of your home to bow inward. If you see that happening in your home, call a professional promptly.

How Do You Repair Cracked Bricks?

Repair methods for cracked brick walls vary depending on the reason for the damage. If the crack is a minor cosmetic problem, all that may be necessary is replacing the damaged bricks and applying new mortar. However, if there are large cracks or bowed or sagging walls, the whole wall may need replacing. If that is the case with your home, it is important to contact a foundation repair company first to determine if the damage was due to a foundation problem and, if so, to correct it before any new mason work is done.

A foundation repair expert will carefully investigate your home's foundation to determine any damage and what caused it. If your home has settled unevenly, the expert will likely recommend foundation underpinning to help stabilize and support the foundation. If you have bowed and cracked walls, the expert may recommend wall anchors and an epoxy injection. Lastly, the expert will recommend ways to prevent future foundation damage, such as installing a proper drainage system.

When Should I Call a Professional about My Cracked Bricks?

While hairline cracks in a few bricks are usually nothing to worry about, it is important to call a professional right away if:

You have medium to large-sized cracks
The cracks are widening or extending over time
The crack extends horizontally, vertically, and especially diagonally
You notice other signs of foundation damage

Failing to act promptly will only result in further, more costly damage. Have peace of mind knowing the cause of your cracked brick wall by scheduling an appointment with Epp Foundation Repair today. We will thoroughly assess your home's structural integrity and offer the most reliable solutions for your family. Contact us today if you have a cracked brick wall in Nebraska, Iowa, Kansas, and Missouri.

Helical Piers vs. Push Piers: Pros, Cons, and Preferences

Dave Epp — Mon, 18 Mar 2024 00:00:00 GMT

If you are reading this article, you likely have foundation issues with your home and are faced with a choice: should you use helical or push piers to stabilize your foundation? Well, rest assured that by the end of this article, you will be better equipped to talk with your foundation repair specialist and make the best decision for your home.

When you research the pros and cons of helical and push piers, you may notice many biased articles favoring one pier over the other. However, at Epp Foundation Repair, we recognize that every repair solution is unique, so each repair method has its proper place. Reviewing a foundation pier systems overview can help you understand the full range of options available for your specific soil conditions.

What Is Foundation Underpinning?

When a structure's foundation settles unevenly, piers are installed beneath the affected area to connect the building to stable soil or bedrock and stabilize the sinking foundation, with lift attempted where conditions allow. Foundation underpinning stops foundation settlement permanently using quick and minimally invasive installation methods. Results are immediately noticeable, and stabilization is backed by a transferable lifetime warranty.

Push piers vs. Helical piers

Helical and push piers are both used for foundation underpinning. Deciding which one to use is contingent on the circumstances surrounding the structure.

What Is a Helical Pier?

A helical pier is a hollow steel shaft with one or more helix-shaped plates welded to its bottom end and sometimes along the shaft. Similar to a screw, helical piers are turned into the ground until they reach the desired depth and load-bearing capacity. Homeowners interested in the technical aspects of this method can read more about the helical pier installation process. The helix design allows helical piers to penetrate deep into any type of soil without displacing or disturbing it and creating significant resistance, stabilizing the foundation.

What Is a Push Pier?

A push or resistance pier is a hollow, stackable steel tube. Like a nail, it is pushed through the ground using hydraulic equipment until it reaches stable soil or bedrock. Ultimately, push piers use the building as a counterweight to help drive the pier into the ground and support the structure. Then, the pier is attached to the foundation, the building's weight is transferred onto the piers to stabilize it, and a synchronized hydraulic system is used to attempt lift.

Which Is Better, Helical or Push Piers?

In short, no one can conclusively determine that helical piers are better than push piers or vice versa. While many contractors prefer helical piers, saying that one is inherently better would be biased and a failure to recognize the purposes of each pier. Just as nails and screws are ideal for different projects, helical and push piers are both suitable for different situations. How do you determine which pier is best for your project?

Pros and Cons of Helical and Push Piers

Helical Piers

Push Piers

Which Pier Should I Choose, Helical Piers or Push Piers?

After considering the pros and cons of each pier, use these three factors to help you decide which pier might suit your home's needs:

The weight of the structure needing support: Push piers use the weight of the building to help drive them into the ground. As a result, push piers are ideal for heavier buildings like multistory homes and industrial or commercial buildings. Helical piers, however, do not rely on the building's weight, so they are most often used to stabilize smaller structures like garages and porches. However, they can also be used for larger structures since they have load-bearing capabilities similar to push piers.
The depth of the stable soil or bedrock: The purpose of underpinning a foundation is to connect it to load-bearing strata or bedrock to stabilize the foundation permanently and attempt lift as far as practical. Consulting a pier foundation design guide can offer further insight into how engineers determine the correct depth for these supports. In some cases, that stable strata or bedrock is exceptionally deep and can only be reached using push piers because of their stackable nature. If that is the case with your home, an expert will let you know.
The access space surrounding the structure: Although helical and push piers offer minimally invasive solutions, they each require different installation methods, which may limit your repair options. Helical piers require larger installation equipment, which may be challenging to use in narrow spaces between buildings or around dense landscaping.

Do Foundation Piers Require Maintenance?

Foundation piers require minimal to no maintenance and are considered permanent repair solutions that should outlive the actual structure itself.

However, to protect a pier's longevity, limiting potential damage from poor water drainage is encouraged. Options may include installing gutter extensions, a French drain, or a drain tile system with a sump pump. Consider regrading your yard so water flows away from your home. Lastly, do not plant shrubbery too close to your home's foundation. Talk to your foundation repair specialists about professional and DIY waterproofing solutions.

Foundation piers are designed to stand the test of time. So, unless your home is affected by a major natural disaster like an earthquake or a mudslide, you can relax and rest assured that your home is stable.

When Should I Contact a Foundation Repair Expert?

While we hope this article has helped you to decide which type of foundation pier will suit your needs, we recognize that nothing can replace an expert opinion. We offer a variety of foundation repair solutions tailored to your home's unique structural needs. If you have already determined that your home's foundation is settling unevenly, contact us; settlement that is left alone tends to continue. Schedule your free inspection today. We service areas in Nebraska, Iowa, Kansas, and Missouri.

If you are unsure if your home's foundation is settling unevenly and needs foundation piers, learn the telltale signs that your home is in trouble.

Why Are My Basement Walls Crumbling?

Dave Epp — Fri, 15 Mar 2024 00:00:00 GMT

If your basement wall is crumbling, you likely have an advanced case of spalling caused by drainage issues, freezing and thawing cycles, minerals in your concrete, or improper building techniques. In extreme cases, your basement may crumble because of uneven foundation settling. In this article, you will learn more about concrete spalling, how to tell if your basement walls are crumbling, why your basement walls are crumbling, how to prevent spalling, and how to fix your crumbling concrete.

What Is Concrete Spalling?

Concrete spalling, or scaling, is when concrete begins to degrade. Spalling will cause your concrete to form pits, flakes, and cracks. In more severe cases, the concrete will start to crumble and break away, threatening the structural integrity of your home.

What Are the Signs That My Basement Wall Is Crumbling?

Before your basement wall begins to crumble, you might notice these preliminary basement waterproofing warning signs:

Efflorescence: This is a white staining that appears on the surface of your concrete. When water penetrates the concrete, it mixes with the naturally occurring salt in your concrete and dissolves it. When the water evaporates, it brings the salt solution to the surface, crystalizing and creating that white appearance. If the efflorescence keeps returning after multiple attempts to clean it, this is a sign that you are having water issues in your basement and the start of more problems ahead.
Hairline Cracks, Chipping, and Flaking: Before your basement walls crumble, you might find a web of hairline cracks followed by the chipping and flaking of the concrete. These are signs of the advancement of the issues affecting your basement foundation.

Why Are My Basement Walls Crumbling?

Here are five reasons why your basement walls might be crumbling:

Drainage Issues: Crumbling concrete is usually caused by water penetrating the concrete and weakening it. Suppose the soil surrounding your basement holds excessive water. In that case, it will compromise your basement's integrity by eroding the concrete, corroding the rebar within the walls, causing the concrete to spall, and even forcing the walls inward.
Freezing and Thawing: When water penetrates the basement's concrete walls and freezes, it causes the concrete to expand, putting pressure on it. When the ice thaws, the concrete contracts. This cycle weakens the concrete and may eventually cause your basement walls to crumble.
Minerals in Your Concrete: Age is another factor to consider if your basement walls are crumbling. Older basements were built with concrete mixes higher in pyrite, silica, and mica. When these minerals oxidize, they can leach out of the concrete and cause your basement to crack or crumble.
Improper Building Techniques: If the concrete used to construct your basement was improperly mixed, meaning the builder used too much or too little water, or the cement was low quality, your basement walls will likely crumble. Another problem could be related to improper curing or finishing of the concrete. Although these issues are far less likely than those related to water damage, they exist and warrant investigation should you rule out soil oversaturation and age.
Differential Settlement: In cases of differential settlement, when part of your home sinks into the ground faster than the rest, your basement walls could crack and eventually crumble. Uneven settling may happen because of soil erosion, soil oversaturation, poor site preparation, and natural disasters, to name a few.

How Can I Prevent My Basement Walls from Crumbling?

The best way to prevent your basement walls from crumbling is to keep water away from your foundation. Here are a few ways you can do that:

Clean your gutters regularly. When your gutters are full of debris, water can overflow and fall right along the side of the home. This water soaks into the soil near your basement, causing excessive water buildup near your basement.
Install downspout extensions. This will help rainwater flow far away from your home's basement.
Avoid sprinklers and landscaping that require excessive watering near the home. Remember, your goal is to keep the soil around your home dry. You can achieve that goal by avoiding sprinklers near your home or plants requiring frequent watering.
Regrade your yard. To avoid water pooling around your home, especially in areas prone to heavy rainfall and flooding, consider regrading your yard so that water flows away from your home.
Install a drain tile system. Internal and external drain tile systems are waterproofing solutions designed to prevent water buildup in the soil around your home by channeling the water away from the foundation.

If you want to learn more about waterproofing your basement, check out our guide to keeping an old basement dry.

How Can I Fix My Crumbling Basement Walls?

The four most popular repair methods for crumbling basement walls include:

Concrete Overlays: This involves applying a thin layer of concrete over the affected area. Although popular, this repair is only cosmetic and must be repeated.
Topical Sealers: These create a barrier for your basement wall, protecting it from water and other materials. However, it does not deeply penetrate the concrete, so it will not stop the spalling.
Penetrating Sealers: Penetrating sealers can slow spalling since they help seal and reinforce the concrete. However, this is still not a permanent solution.
Concrete Replacement: Although more intensive, replacing the affected concrete with freshly poured concrete will provide the most long-lasting solution.

If your basement is crumbling because of differential settlement, you will need to stabilize your foundation before attempting to repair the crumbling walls. An expert may recommend using push or helical piers to stabilize your home.

Before repairing your crumbling basement wall and deciding which repair method to use, you must understand and resolve the underlying issue. Otherwise, your repair will prove useless.

The best thing you can do is speak to a foundation repair expert. Not only will they find the source of the problem, but they can provide cost-effective and lasting solutions. Contact us today to schedule an evaluation and repair estimate for your basement. We service customers in Nebraska, Iowa, Kansas, and Missouri.

What is a slab foundation?

Dave Epp — Mon, 11 Mar 2024 00:00:00 GMT

A slab foundation is any type of foundation made up of a flat poured concrete surface, usually sitting directly on prepared soil and creating the floor of the structure it supports.

Slab foundations are durable and have a life expectancy of 80 to 100 years or more when properly built and maintained. That being said, there are many different types of slab foundations to suit homeowners' various financial and geographic needs.

What Are the 5 Main Types of Slab Foundations?

Monolithic-(On-Gracde)-Foundation Stem-Wall-(Raised)-Foundation

1. Monolithic (On-Grade) Foundation

Monolithic slabs are amongst the most common, simplest, and affordable types of slab foundations. They consist of a single layer of concrete, about four to six inches thick, poured directly onto prepared soil.

First, a builder will compact the soil and possibly add materials like sand or gravel to improve water drainage. Then, wood framing is set up to guide the concrete when it is poured. Along the perimeter and where load-bearing walls will go, the concrete is thicker (about 12 to 24 inches) to support the weight of the building. When the concrete is poured, footers are made at the corners to create one solid foundation.

2. Stem Wall (Raised) Foundation

A stem wall foundation consists of a concrete slab on top of a concrete wall and footings. These raised foundations are popular in areas prone to flooding because they raise the home above the ground.

First, concrete footers are placed below the prepared soil. A partially submerged wall is then made to create the perimeter and support load-bearing walls. This wall may be made of masonry blocks or poured concrete. The space between the walls will usually be filled with compacted soil. Then, a slab of concrete is poured over the top to create the floor of the building.

T-Shaped-Foundations Frost-Prroteected-Foundation Floating-Foundation

3. T-Shaped Foundation

T-shaped foundations are used in frost-prone regions. They are a type of stem-wall foundation known for their inverted T-shaped footers that penetrate below the soil's frost line.

4. Frost-Protected Foundation

As the name suggests, frost-protected foundations protect homes from frost heave. Polystyrene sheets around the edges and base of the slab insulate the foundation, protecting it when the ground freezes. These foundations require less digging than T-shaped foundations since the footings do not have to go past the soil's frost line. They are shallower and easier to construct.

5. Floating Foundation

Floating foundations are generally used for small structures, like sheds. They generally consist of a single slab that may or may not sit on a detached concrete footing, hence why they are considered floating.

To learn more, see monolithic and stem wall foundations.

Advantages of Slab Foundations

Cheaper Initial Cost

Slab foundations are usually cheaper than basement and crawl space foundations since they require less excavation and materials.

Faster Build Time

Slab foundations are usually easier and quicker to build since they require less excavation and may be completed in a single concrete pour.

Low Maintenance

Concrete slab foundations require little to no maintenance since they are solid masses that are less susceptible to issues like moisture damage, infestations, and even radon gas leaks. The main thing to watch for is cracks and ensuring you protect your home from excessive moisture in the soil and extensive root systems.

Protection from Pests

Slab foundations do not have space beneath the home, preventing insects and animals from building nests. There is also no exposed wood or moisture to attract them.

Durability

Concrete foundations have a high weight-bearing capacity, making them an ideal foundation choice.

Disadvantages of slab foundations

Difficulty Accessing Water and Gas Lines

In homes with slab foundations, gas and water lines are embedded in the concrete foundation. If they ever need repairs, the concrete needs to be jackhammered to access them, raising the cost of repairs.

Prone to Freezing Damage

Even with advances in building techniques, concrete is still prone to cracking in areas with extremely low temperatures. Such cracks can increase the chance of moisture-related issues and put your home's structural integrity at risk.

Poor Insulation

Slabs do not require insulation, which may reduce your home's energy efficiency in winter. You may notice that your floors will be colder and have higher heating costs.

When Is a Slab Foundation Best?

Slab foundations are ideal in the following situations:

Temperate climates: Since they are prone to cracking in areas subject to freezing, slab foundations are best in areas that do not have a frost line.
Minimize construction and maintenance costs: If time and money are significant factors for your build, you may lean towards a slab foundation.
Shallow Bedrock & High Water Table: If your land makes digging difficult, either because it is too rocky or the water table is near the surface, consider a slab foundation.
Flat Ground: Concrete slabs need leveled ground since they are one solid piece. A slab foundation is a good choice if your land is already leveled.
Accessibility Needs: If steps are challenging, consider a slab foundation, which is generally flush with the ground.

For more information, see Slab Foundation Vs. Crawl Space.

Common Problems With Slab Foundations

No foundation is indestructible. The most common issues for concrete slabs are cracking, differential settlement, and upheaval.

Cracking

A slab may crack because of large tree roots, freezing temperatures, earthquakes, and shifting soil. Cracking can affect the structural integrity of your home and should be examined by a professional foundation repair contractor.

Differential Settlement

While it is normal for a home to settle, or sink, slightly into the ground, differential settlement is when part of your home settles faster than the rest. This may happen because of issues with the soil, like excessive moisture or erosion. Differential settlement is a structural issue. It also leads to problems like sagging ceilings, cracks in the foundation, floor, and walls, and warped framing, causing doors and windows to stick.

Upheaval

When the moisture in the soil freezes, it can cause the slab to rise and become uneven. Upheaval leads to similar issues as differential settlement.

Common Repairs for Slab Foundations

Common repairs for slab foundations include leveling uneven slabs with a method called foundation underpinning and sealing cracks with unique solutions such as epoxy injections.

Foundation Underpinning

With the help of push and helical piers, your home's foundation can be leveled permanently by connecting it to stable ground below and raising it as much as possible without causing damage.

Epoxy Injections

This special sealant is waterproof and reinforces the concrete while patching cracks.

If your concrete slab foundation is experiencing any cracking, differential settlement, or upheaval, contact us as soon as possible to provide the best solution. With 30 years of experience, we can help you permanently restore the safety and integrity of your home. We service areas in Nebraska, Iowa, Kansas, and Missouri.

Should I worry about cracks in garage floor?

Dave Epp — Fri, 08 Mar 2024 00:00:00 GMT

If you are reading this article, you likely have a crack in your garage floor that you are trying to assess for seriousness. Let us reassure you that not all cracks in a garage floor are serious. But how do we know which are which? Keep reading to learn about the different types of cracks in garage floors, their causes, when you should worry, and how to fix them.

Are Cracks in Concrete Garage Floors Common?

Cracks in garage floors are very common occurrences and, in many cases, are simply unsightly, often caused by shrinkage during the concrete curing process. Cracks in concrete garage floors can occur in both older and newer homes.

Common Causes of Cracks in Garage Floors

Age

Concrete expands and contracts over time due to temperature fluctuations. The older your garage floor is, the more likely it will crack.

Shrinkage

When concrete cures after pouring, the slab shrinks. This shrinking process commonly causes hairline cracks along the surface of the slab.

Extreme Weather

Some causes of cracking, like earthquakes, tornadoes, or flooding, are evident. But less subtle causes like extreme cold can cause the soil beneath your garage to expand and create cracks.

Poor Construction

Unfortunately, not all building companies follow the best industry practices, resulting in inferior workmanship. Some problems include:

Insufficient joints: Joints, the purposefully made gaps within a concrete slab, are designed to allow the concrete to move without cracking or at least control it. If there are not enough joints, your garage floor will likely crack.
Improperly prepared soil: This can cause a garage floor to settle and crack.
Insufficient curing time: If a heavy load is placed on the concrete before it is fully cured, it will crack.
Improper trowelling: If the concrete is not smoothed out correctly, the top layer will dry out too fast and create hairline cracks across the floor, called crazing. These crazing cracks resemble an irregular honeycomb pattern or a cracked desert floor.
Insufficiently covered rebar: If this occurs, you will likely see parallel or perpendicular hairline cracks and rusting about one to two feet apart.
Foundation Settlement

If your garage floor is connected to the perimeter of the garage's foundation and the foundation settles, the floor could crack. This isn't actually an issue with the garage floor itself, but a serious structural issue with the garage's foundation.

For more information see Garage Foundation Repair

How Can You Tell What Caused the Crack in Your Garage Floor?

So, was the crack caused by something like shrinkage or an insufficient number of joints, or something more serious like a problem with the garage's foundation? Here are some things to look out for:

Step 1: Measure the width and height of the crack.

If the crack is less than 1/10 of an inch wide, it is considered a hairline crack and is usually not a reason for alarm. However, if your garage floor is badly cracked, meaning the crack is wider than 1/10 of an inch, one part is wider than the rest, or one part of the crack is raised, there could be a structural concern.

Step 2: Analyze the size and location of the crack.
If the crack follows a straight line or pattern, it may follow along a control joint, which is entirely normal.
If you notice some rusting, the crack may be related to the rebar underneath and will need repair. But it is unlikely to be a structural issue.
If the crack is isolated and does not affect any of the walls, it may have been caused by shrinkage or aging.
If the crack is irregular in size and spreads across the entire floor or stretches up a wall, this is likely a structural problem.
Step 3: Monitor the crack.

Monitor the cracks in your garage floor. If they grow over time, this is usually a sign of structural damage.

Step 4: Check for other red flags.

If you suspect structural damage, check your garage for some of these red flags:

Sloping floors
Difficulty opening doors or windows
Pooling water
Sagging roof
Cracks in walls, steps, siding, and the foundation
Step 5: Seek professional advice.

If you are unsure what could be causing the crack in your garage floor, call a professional foundational repair company. It is always better to err on the side of caution and to catch any problems early.

Epp's current standard for a garage floor hairline crack is under 1/10 inch, not the 1/8 inch mark shown in the graphic above.

When Should You Worry About the Crack in Your Garage Floor?

You should worry about cracks caused by serious structural problems with either the garage floor itself or the garage's foundation. The only way to know for sure if you have one of these cracks is to contact a foundation repair contractor and ask for an inspection.

How Do You Fix a Crack in Your Garage Floor?

Fixing Non-Structural Cracks

If the cracks in your garage floor were caused by shrinkage during the concrete curing process (very common), you may repair them using epoxy or polyurethane injections. These sandable injections repair cracks, reinforce the concrete and prevent water penetration.

Fixing Structural Cracks

If your garage's foundation is experiencing settlement, you may need foundation underpinning. If the settlement was caused by excessive moisture in the ground around the foundation, you may need a drain tile system. A foundation repair expert will be able to determine the best solution.

How Do You Prevent Cracks in Your Garage Floor?

If you plan to build a new garage, pick a reputable builder. Most problems can be avoided by properly preparing the soil and using best building practices.

To maintain a crack-free garage, do your best to protect the integrity of your foundation and garage floor. For more information, see Concrete Garage Floor Crack Repair.

Contact us today for a professional assessment of the crack in your garage floor and any other concrete repair needs. We serve areas in Nebraska, Iowa, Kansas, and Missouri.

Stem Wall Foundations: The Pros, The Cons, and How to Repair Them

Dave Epp — Mon, 04 Mar 2024 00:00:00 GMT

Stem wall foundations are among the most popular foundations because of their strength and adaptability. However, they are not without fault. Learn about the pros and cons of stem wall foundations, how to keep your stem wall in good condition, and what you can do to repair a damaged one.

What Is a Stem Wall?

When you hear the word "stem," your first thought is likely a flower stem. Well, what does a flower stem do? It connects a plant's root system to its leaves and flowers and helps support the whole plant. Similarly, a stem wall is a raised foundational structure that connects a structure's external walls to the concrete footings in the ground.

Stem walls are short, partially submerged foundational walls up to one foot wide and around three feet tall, forming a continuous building perimeter. About a third of the wall is submerged below the ground and connects to concrete footers, while the top is connected to the building's exterior walls and potentially a concrete slab. Stem walls are usually constructed using concrete blocks, poured concrete, or precast concrete panels. The walls are reinforced with steel rods in each case to provide additional stability.

What Is the Difference Between a Stem Wall Foundation and a Monolithic Slab Foundation?

A monolithic slab foundation is one solid foundation, about four to six inches thick, with built-in footings, poured directly on the prepared soil. They are a popular foundation option because of their ease of construction and minimal maintenance needs.

Unlike stem wall foundations, though, monolithic slabs must be built on level land and are unsuitable for areas prone to flooding or the freeze-thaw cycle. Monolithic slabs also make accessing plumbing and electrical hookups below the home harder because they are covered by a solid cement slab, often requiring jackhammering to reach them. Some municipalities also restrict how large you can build a monolithic slab, making it an inaccessible option for some homeowners.

What Are the Pros and Cons of Stem Walls?

Stem wall foundations are desirable for structural and even aesthetic purposes, but they also present particular challenges worthy of consideration.

Advantages of a Stem Wall Foundation

Suitable for Various Terrains: Stem walls do not require entirely level ground, making them ideal for different property types, including sloped ones. Stem walls can accommodate the ground's varying heights to ensure your home has a level floor.
Safer in Flood Zones: Stem wall foundations are ideal for areas prone to flooding because they elevate a structure above the soil, keeping the building safe from water damage.
Aesthetics: Do you like the look of an elevated home? Imagine your dream home with a porch and steps. A stem wall foundation can provide a house with such an elevated look.
Easy Access: A stem wall creates space between the home and the earth, making accessing any electrical or plumbing hookups below the ground easier.

Disadvantages of a Stem Wall Foundation

Longer and Harder to Build: Building a stem wall foundation takes more time and skill than other foundation options, like a monolithic slab. This can make stem wall foundations more expensive to build in some cases.
More Maintenance: Compared to a monolithic slab, the stem wall foundation's elevated nature requires more maintenance to avoid issues like infestation, water damage, and cracks.

What Common Problems Do Stem Wall Foundations Have?

Stem walls, although being an extremely sturdy foundation option, are not indestructible. Here are some common problems you may encounter:

Soil Movement

If the soil was not adequately prepared before construction, the soil below your foundation could erode, shift, and settle, risking the integrity of your foundation. As a result, you may experience cracks in the foundation and uneven settling of your home.

Cracks

Cracks can happen in any type of foundation. If left unattended, cracks can lead to problems like water damage, infestations, and even structural instability.

Exposed Rebar

When the rebar is exposed to moisture, it can corrode, even within the concrete. Over time, the corroded rebar will damage the surrounding concrete and cause it to break apart.

Concrete Spalling

Also called cement rot, concrete spalling is concrete deterioration due to natural or chemical reactions. Spalling concrete will have a pitted, flakey, chipped, or fractured appearance.

How Should You Maintain Your Stem Wall Foundation?

To prevent costly repairs down the road, it is always best to take precautionary measures to protect your stem wall foundation. Try these steps:

Regular Inspection

Once a month, take a moment to walk around your home and check the foundation for any signs of cracking or spalling. If you see a potentially damaged area, take note of it and monitor the area more often for any changes.

Proper Water Drainage

Water is detrimental to your home's foundation, so do your utmost to keep it away. Preventative measures can include using downspout extensions, ensuring that your gutters are diverting rainwater away from your foundation and your yard is sloping away from your home to minimize the effects of groundwater. You may even look into building trenches or drainage systems to avoid water accumulation near your home.

Call a Professional

If you are ever in doubt about the significance of any potential damage to your foundation, seek professional advice.

How Do You Repair a Damaged Stem Wall Foundation?

If your stem wall foundation requires repairs, there are a variety of solutions.

Wall Repair

If your wall is cracked or crumbling, there are multiple tools to help. There is always a solution, from epoxy injections to carbon fiber wall straps. In some instances, though, concrete and rebar replacement is the best option. An expert can help you determine what your home needs.

Foundation Underpinning

If your home is settling unevenly, push piers or helical piers can permanently stabilize the foundation. These piers are quick to install and are minimally invasive.

Of course, every situation is different, and the solution relies on addressing the problem's unique source and the severity of the damage. Contact us for an inspection, and you will receive a Customized Repair Estimate built around your home's needs.

How to Identify and Fix a Sloping Floor

Dave Epp — Fri, 01 Mar 2024 00:00:00 GMT

Are you tired of furniture sliding to one side or doors constantly sticking? These are common signs that your floor may be sloping. A sloping floor can not only be frustrating and inconvenient, but it can also indicate a larger issue with the structural integrity of your home. As a homeowner, it is important to know how to identify and fix a sloping floor before it becomes a serious problem. In this blog post, we will go over what causes floors to slope, how to identify if your floor is indeed uneven, and steps you can take to fix the issue with the help of an experienced foundation repair contractor.

What Is a Sloping Floor?

Over time, floors may become unlevel. A sloping floor is when a floor begins to tilt in one direction. One key difference between a sloping floor and a sagging floor is that random dips characterize a sagging floor, whereas a sloping floor has a relatively even slant.

How Can You Tell If Your Floor Is Sloping?

Try using one of these three easy methods to check if your floors are sloping, using tools you likely have lying around the house.

Rolling Test: Find a smooth, round object and place it on the area you suspect may be slanting. We recommend something like a marble or a golf ball. If it rolls independently, without you pushing it, then your floor is sloping.
Leveling Tool: Place a level, preferably a carpenter's level, about four to eight feet long, on different parts of the floor where you suspect sloping. If the level does not lay flat on the floor or the bubble is off-center, again, your floors are sloping.
Laser Test: For this test, you will need a laser level, a marker, and a consistent measuring instrument like a wooden ruler, a box, or a block. Place the laser level in the center of your floor. Then, take your measuring instrument and set it up against the wall. Mark where the laser hits the instrument. Repeat this process four to eight times around the room, marking where the laser hits the instrument each time. If the laser hits multiple spots on the instrument, then your floor is sloping.

It often happens that a sloped floor is just one sign of a foundation problem. Take a minute and see if you have noticed any of these other issues, in addition to an uneven floor:

Sticking Doors and Windows

Sloping floors can be a symptom of your house's framing becoming unlevel. If this is the case in your home, you may also have noticed that the doors and windows are getting harder to open and shut.

Gaps Between the Floor and the Baseboard

As a floor continues to slope, it will cause the floor to separate further from the baseboard in part of the room. The wider the gap, generally, the more severe the problem is.

Cracked Wall, Floor, or Ceiling

A crack in a wall, floor, or ceiling can signify a structural issue in your home. That same structural issue may also be causing the floor to slope.

Leaning Chimney or Porch

If your chimney or porch is pulling away from the house, this could be a sign there's something wrong with the foundation.

Is a Sloping Floor Normal, or Is It a Cause for Alarm?

While many may attribute sloping floors to an old home's charm, experts know those sloping floors are usually a sign of trouble below. Unless a floor was purposefully built with a slant, such as to help with water drainage, you should always monitor and investigate the cause of your sloping floor. Doing so will help you determine the type of repairs your home will need and catch any threatening problems early, saving you time and money.

What Can Cause a Floor to Slope?

There could be many reasons your floors are sloping, but we have simplified them into five major categories.

Subflooring Issues

If you have a crawl space foundation, wooden subfloors are susceptible to bowing, rot, and collapse when exposed to crawl space moisture and pests. If your subfloor is damaged, it could cause the floor to slope.

Weakened Window Frames

Common in older homes, window frames in supporting walls can weaken under the weight of the floors above them. So, if you have noticed that the floor is slanting in the same direction as the basement window below it, you may have discovered the culprit of the slope.

Damaged Floor Joists and Sills

Floor joists and sills are part of your home's structural support system. Like the subfloor, moisture and pests can also negatively impact joists and sills. They could also have been poorly designed or installed incorrectly. If only certain areas in one room have sloping floors, or only the ground level of a multistory home has slanted floors, then you should check your floor joists and sills.

Foundational Problems and Uneven Home Settling

The foundation of a home can shift and crack due to expanding and contracting soil, poorly prepared soil, or even poor construction methods. And while it is natural for homes to settle, problems occur when they settle unevenly. That means one side of your home is sinking faster than the rest. These problems will cause the slant in your floor and some of the other issues we mentioned earlier, like sticking doors and gaps between the wall and the floor. Uneven settling of a home and foundational cracks pose significant risks to the safety and integrity of your home, thus requiring immediate attention.

What Are the Benefits of Fixing Sloping Floors?

Fixing a sloping floor adds value to your home, safety, and peace of mind. Whenever it comes time to sell your home, a level floor provides potential buyers with a sense of security since they are not worrying about potentially expensive repairs down the road, helping you, as the seller, to receive higher bids.

More important, though, is the peace of mind of knowing that your home's foundation is sound. Your home is one of the biggest investments you will likely make, so it is important to care for its longevity.

Lastly, the sooner a problem is addressed, the easier and more affordable it is to fix. If you learn your home is settling, supporting the foundation in the early stages is cheaper than waiting until the problem gets worse.

How Do You Fix a Sloping Floor?

To fix a sloping floor, start with these basic steps:

Inspect your floor. Using one or more of the testing strategies mentioned earlier, take a full inspection of your home and note any areas where sloping occurs.
Assess the cause. Based on where the problematic areas are, use the information in the previous section to determine where the source of the problem is. That includes inspecting your subfloor, floor joints, sills, and foundation. You can begin making a plan if you notice any signs of moisture, damaged joints, or cracks in the wall or ceiling.
Make a plan. Now that you know the source of the problem, you can determine the best way to fix it. While some homeowners may be able to tackle certain repairs, like a damaged subfloor, we recommend contacting a foundation repair professional to fully assess the cause of your sloping floors and provide the safest solution for your family.

After assessing the full scope of the integrity of your home, a foundation repair company will determine the best method for restoring your home. Some popular methods include the following:

House Leveling Solutions

Push and helical piers work to stabilize settling foundations by connecting your foundation to stable soil, and lifting your home closer to its original position may be possible depending on your home's condition.

Basement Wall Repair

If your basement walls are cracked or bowed, causing your floors to slope, a specialist may recommend carbon fiber straps or wall plate anchors and supports along with epoxy crack repair.

Crawl Space Repair

A professional will likely recommend encapsulating your crawl space to prevent moisture from affecting your floors. And if you have any damaged floor joists, crawl space support jacks may do the trick.

Of course, this is not an exhaustive list. Every home's situation is different and requires careful consideration. Contact us today and schedule an inspection. We serve areas in Nebraska, Iowa, Kansas, and Missouri. We will help you determine the best step forward.

7 Things You Need to Know About a Concrete Slab House

Dave Epp — Fri, 23 Feb 2024 00:00:00 GMT

As a homeowner, you have many different options available when it comes to your foundation. One of the options that is considered by many is a concrete slab house. This option, often called a slab or a slab-on-grade foundation, has many benefits.

Since this type of foundation is so commonly seen, it's important to understand the good and the bad associated with it. This can help you choose which foundation you should consider.

7 Things You Need to Know About a Concrete Slab House

If you already live in a home with a concrete slab foundation, then you would do well to understand more about what is supporting the structure. Doing so can alert you to some problems and help you identify what can be done to keep issues from occurring.

Consider these seven things that you should know about a concrete slab house:

1. Concrete Slab Houses Are Less Expensive

Have you ever considered all the extra work and material that goes into building a basement or crawlspace foundation? Just the extra time involved means a lot of extra money is involved in the process.

Concrete slab houses are often much less expensive because pouring a typical slab foundation only takes a few days. Once in place, the home can be built directly on it.

For more information, check out our post: Slab Foundation Vs Crawl Space

2. Concrete Slab Houses Are Energy Efficient

Air can move relatively easily through a wood floor. The concrete slab, however, slows down the movement of heat, so your home will be warmer in the colder months and cooler in the warmer months.

One of the biggest complaints many homeowners have is high energy costs. Without a basement or crawl space, you will find that your energy costs are lower.

3. Concrete Slab Houses Require Less Maintenance

There is a certain amount of maintenance associated with some foundation types. However, when you consider the possible maintenance connected with a basement or crawlspace, the concrete slab will be much more cost-effective.

Lower maintenance means that there are fewer potential problems. It doesn't mean the problems don't exist, but you will have fewer issues to contend with than other foundation types.

4. Concrete Slab Houses Can Settle

Any foundation can experience settling. Foundation settling is an issue often associated with excess water in the soil surrounding the foundation. It can also be associated with the freeze-thaw cycle.

The type of settlement that is a big problem for concrete slab houses is known as differential settlement. Settling occurs when the soil under part of the home cannot adequately support the structure, leading to part of the slab sinking faster than the other part of the slab.

5. Concrete Slabs Can Crack

A certain amount of cracking will occur in any type of concrete. Cracking is common when it cures, but it is often limited to hairline cracks that don't pose any other problems.

Concrete is not a flexible building material, so when differential settlement occurs, the concrete can eventually crack as part of the slab is no longer supported properly.

When the slab becomes uneven and cracks, it can lead to various problems. Those problems can include sticking windows and doors, uneven floors, cracks in the walls, and high humidity in the home.

Learn more about: Slab Foundation Repairs

6. Concrete Slabs Should Be Inspected

Just as it is a good idea to inspect any foundation, it is also a good idea to inspect your concrete slab house regularly. The concrete slab may experience cracking or other problems that can be identified with a thorough foundation inspection.

In addition, it is a good idea to contact Epp Foundation Professionals and have them do a foundation inspection regularly. Soil conditions can change, as can moisture content, and once problems with the slab begin to occur, they can progress very quickly.

It is also good to watch for any other foundation repair failure signs that may accompany slab foundation problems. These include the issues we mentioned previously, such as sticking windows and doors, uneven floors, cracks in the drywall, or even the chimney tilting or separating from the home.

7. Concrete Slabs Repair Options

Another important factor to remember about slab foundations is that they can be repaired when problems do occur. Discovering the problem early can make the repair process easier, but it will still take a professional to do the work.

Underpinning is the most common type of slab foundation repair. With a slab, holes are bored through the concrete, and slab piers are inserted into the ground until they reach stable soil. The piers are then attached to the underside of the concrete slab to stabilize and lift it.

Concrete slab cracks can also be repaired in various ways, depending upon the nature of the crack and the extent of damage. The cracks will naturally close to a certain extent during the underpinning process, but carbon fiber straps and epoxy injections can finish the job permanently to seal the cracks.

If you have any questions about your concrete slab house or feel that you may be having problems, you can contact Epp Foundation Repair for a foundation inspection. One of our foundation specialists would be happy to help you.

How To Recognize And Fix Foundation Damage

Dave Epp — Tue, 20 Feb 2024 00:00:00 GMT

Your home's foundation is more than just the area underneath the structure. It is the backbone of the place where you live. It provides the stability and support necessary for the home to remain for a long time, but it is not without problems.

How To Recognize And Fix Foundation Damage

One of the issues that can occur and is often overlooked is damage to the foundation. In many cases, this damage continues to be a problem and can be advanced before it is recognized.

Noticing any signs associated with foundation damage is imperative for fixing the problem as soon as possible. After all, foundation issues are a one-way street. They will not get better on their own. They will get progressively worse.

If you want a stable home that will be there for the long term, ensure the foundation is always considered. You can do this by recognizing the signs of foundation damage, having inspections done, and getting repairs, when needed.

How Do You Know If Your Foundation Is Damaged?

When foundations begin to experience problems, they often give visible signs. Some signs may be associated with the foundation, and others could be seen elsewhere in the home.

This section will list some of the most commonly seen signs of foundation damage. Remember that a single problem is not always clear evidence of foundation problems, but if it is progressive or you see multiple issues, it should be addressed quickly.

Wall Cracks: It is not uncommon to have hairline cracks in the exterior or interior walls. Hairline cracks may be due to regular settling of the home or problems with the construction techniques.

On the other hand, if you notice exterior wall cracks in a horizontal or zigzag pattern, it may be an issue with foundation damage. Larger cracks on the interior walls, often originating at the doors or windows or continuing from the walls to the ceiling, are also a common symptom of foundation issues. If the crack looks bad, it's probably foundation damage.

Sticking Windows and Doors: As the foundation experiences problems, it puts significant torque on the home's frame. This includes the smaller window and door frames, which could get out of square and cause the doors and windows to stick when you open or close them.

Mildew Smell: If you smell mildew, then it is likely that you already have a problem with mold, as they are the same issue. You may also have what is sometimes called an old house smell, which occurs when mold breaks down. What you are smelling are the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) left behind.

Uneven or Sloping Floors: This may not be an easy issue to detect, but your mind may be able to sense the problem. Many people who have this issue report having vertigo or feeling as if they are stumbling as they walk across the room.

Water: One of the biggest issues leading to foundation problems is water. You may also notice that water is a common sign of foundation issues in your basement or crawlspace.

These are just some of the different possible signs of foundation damage. Monitor any issues that you see carefully and then take the next step.

Why You Need a Foundation Inspection

Homeowners can continuously inspect the foundation and look for possible signs of foundation problems. It is also a good idea to have a foundation inspection done by a professional regularly.

Foundation inspections differ from the typical home or pest control inspection you may be familiar with. When you contact Epp Foundation Repair, one of our foundation professionals will inspect the home thoroughly and look for any signs of problems.

It is sometimes recommended that you have a foundation inspection done by a professional annually. Conditions can change quickly, whether it is differences in the weather pattern or the moisture content in the soil. Still, foundation problems can begin and progress quickly when those issues occur.

Can You Repair a Foundation Yourself?

You may have a strong desire to do work on your own home. You may even consider yourself a weekend warrior and often work on projects that need doing on your property.

Having a DIY outlook on home repair leads many people to ask if they can repair a foundation problem. Is this something you should tackle as a DIY project?

Foundation repair is not something that most homeowners can do unless they have the specific knowledge and equipment necessary to get the job done. It is possible that you could cause more damage when you try to fix it as a DIY project.

Most homeowners will be able to patch cracks or fix other minor issues that may be occurring. However, this is only touching the surface because it won't address the significant problems that may be happening to the foundation itself.

Most DIY foundation repair projects are temporary measures, and the underlying issue will eventually show again.

How Are Foundation Problems Fixed?

A professional can fix foundation problems, and Epp Foundation Repair is ready to handle any issues you may be experiencing.

There are specific methods that can be used to repair a foundation. These methods may differ in some ways from one project to another, but options are available for almost any type of foundation damage.

Underpinning is a cornerstone method for repairing uneven (differential) settlement. Underpinning utilizes push or helical piers driven into the earth until they reach stable strata. Once they can support the weight of the structure, they are attached to the foundation to provide the vertical support needed.

Another benefit of underpinning is that, once the piers are in place, a lift of the foundation can be attempted hydraulically. Most foundations cannot be lifted to their original height, and lift is attempted rather than promised, but some lift toward an acceptable height is often possible. Stabilization is the goal of the repair.

Other work may also be considered, depending upon the type of damage that has occurred.

For example, bowed basement walls can be stabilized using wall plate anchors, carbon fiber straps, or C-channel wall anchors. These systems stabilize the wall so it does not move further inward. Afterward, epoxy can be injected into the crack to seal it.

Many possible solutions depend upon the type and extent of damage to the foundation. The first step is to call Epp Foundation Repair and request a foundation inspection. We will let you know what is happening with your home and what can be done to fix it.

What is Concrete Heave (Causes & How to Repair)

Dave Epp — Mon, 19 Feb 2024 00:00:00 GMT

Concrete is one of the most common building materials used around the world. It is also among the heaviest, and in some cases, is prone to various problems.

The strength of concrete makes it very usable, but its inflexibility can sometimes make it problematic. This can lead to a condition sometimes referred to as "concrete heaving." It's a challenge, as it can cause serious repercussions for the builders and the building alike.

Concrete heaving (also known as "frost heave") occurs in many cases due to freezing and expanding as the water in the soil under the concrete freezes and thaws. This freeze/thaw cycle leads to expansion and contraction, eventually causing the concrete to heave.

For example, if you were to pour ice into a glass and then fill it to the top with water, you could leave the glass outside overnight and observe what happens when the ice melts. When it melts, it contracts, so you have a lower volume in the glass than when the ice was frozen.

When soil under a slab has excessive moisture, it can expand considerably as it freezes. That puts tremendous pressure on the slab, forcing it upward and resulting in the damage associated with concrete heaving.

As you can imagine, concrete heaving will cause physical damage because concrete does not offer any flexibility. Typically, it is first recognized once those physical signs of cracking have occurred, and at that point, the issue may have already advanced.

In this article, we will consider this problem, including how it is caused and how it is repaired. Identifying these issues early on can assist in having the problem fixed or adjusted so that additional issues do not occur.

Concrete Heaving Vs. Settling: What's the Difference?

Many people confuse concrete heaving with concrete settling. Even though the signs of the problem may be similar, there is a significant difference in what is happening behind the scenes.

Concrete settling is typically one-directional. It likely happens when the soil is washed away from under the concrete or somehow settles below it, allowing the slab to move downward.

On the other hand, heaving concrete tends to move in both directions. As the water freezes in the soil under the slab, it forces the slab upward and causes it to crack. When the water in the soil thaws, it contracts, allowing the broken concrete to fall into place.

Identifying which of these issues you are dealing with will give you the best opportunity to have the problem fixed.

What Can Cause Concrete Heaving?

The first step in fixing any problem that leads to concrete heaving is identifying the real issue that's occurring behind the scenes. In most cases, it is due to expanding soil under the slab, either from freezing or excess water, but there may be other issues behind it as well. These can include the following:

Expansive soil. In many parts of the world, expansive soil is a problem. This is a type of soil that tends to soak in water and expand as it does so, causing the concrete to heave. When the soil dries, it can contract, leaving voids under the slab.

Excessive moisture. When heavy rainfall or a snow melt causes a large influx in soil moisture, it can force the soil to expand against the slab and exert extreme pressure on it.

Plumbing leaks. Leaking pipes are also a common issue that can lead to excessive water in the soil. This can happen without anyone noticing, and may occur over an extended amount of time.

How Is Concrete Heaving Repaired?

If you are experiencing a problem with foundation heaving, it can be repaired through some type of underpinning system. This could include push piers, helical piers, or slab piers.

With this process, the piers are inserted into the ground until they reach stable soil. They can then be attached to the slab or foundation to help stabilize it. Underpinning is primarily designed to stop further movement, and in some cases it can also help provide some lift.

Other options may be available for repairing concrete heaving, depending on the extent of the damage and specifics of the area.

If the damage is only to a piece of sidewalk (or perhaps a patio) and the heave is less than approximately 2 inches high, it may be possible to grind down the concrete and fix the issue.

Grinding tends to be an inexpensive solution, but it also does not address the underlying issue, so the problem could occur again.

If the concrete is damaged to the extent that it is shattered or there is a significant difference in height between slabs, then removing and replacing the slab may be necessary.

Replacing a slab tends to be the last option considered, but it still may be the best choice, depending on the circumstances.

Regardless of the solution you'll ultimately use, the first step in repairing concrete heave is to contact a professional. You can call us for a free inspection and estimate, and one of our professionals will be happy to get back to you and start the process.

Why DIY Mudjacking Is A Bad Idea

Dave Epp — Fri, 16 Feb 2024 00:00:00 GMT

DIY mudjacking may be a tempting solution for some homeowners trying to save money and find a quick fix for their uneven concrete slabs. But we are here to help explain why you should think twice before attempting to tackle such a project yourself, as well as a superior option you may not have considered. Epp Foundation Repair does not perform mudjacking, professionally or otherwise; every lift we install uses concrete leveling with polyurethane foam instead, for the reasons laid out below.

Why Do Concrete Slabs Become Uneven?

Before starting any concrete repair project, reading the concrete leveling warning signs and knowing why your concrete may have become uneven or cracked is essential. Understanding the source of the problem is critical to understanding how to fix it, and the answer is not always mudjacking.

Poor Site Preparation: Before a slab is poured, the soil must be adequately compacted. Improper site preparation can lead to the soil shifting below the slab and the slab settling.
Soil Expansion: Clay soil is known for its ability to swell and contract with changing moisture levels. Over time, this leads to the shifting of the concrete.
Erosion: Other soil types are more susceptible to erosion beneath the concrete, which lends itself to sinking and uneven slabs.
Tree Roots: This cause is easy to spot. Powerful tree root systems, over time, can cause your concrete to crack and become uneven.

Once the source of the problem is determined, other factors to consider are the extent of the damage. Some small cracks can be resolved by sealing the crack itself, while unevenness requires another solution. Some slabs are best replaced altogether. A professional will be able to determine the most effective solution.

What Is Concrete Leveling?

Concrete leveling, also known as concrete lifting and concrete jacking, is any method used to raise sunken and uneven concrete. It is a faster and more cost-effective way to resolve uneven concrete than replacing entire slabs.

While mudjacking is one way to level concrete, more modern concrete leveling techniques, like expanding foam, are now available. We will discuss this method in more detail below.

What Is Mudjacking?

Mudjacking is an older method of leveling concrete. It involves injecting a slurry mixture of water, sand, and soil below the affected concrete slab to help raise it back up. While this may sound simple, it is a meticulous process.

How Is Mudjacking Done?

Here is a simplified step-by-step guide to mudjacking.

Assess: Assess the extent of the damage, how much the slab will need to be raised, and how much slurry you need to mix. After determining how much mix is necessary, the slurry is made by mixing water, sand, soil, and cement. It must be done so that the slurry is thin enough to pass through the drilled holes but thick enough to build pressure below the slab and raise it.
Drill Holes In The Uneven Slab: The next step is to drill holes in the affected slab. The mudjacking slurry will be injected under the slab through these holes.
Inject The Slurry Under The Uneven Slab: Carefully pump the mixture through the drilled holes until you achieve the right amount of lift.
Final Touches: Fill the drilled holes with a compound that closely matches the color of the slab.

Why DIY Mudjacking Is A Bad Idea

As you can see, mudjacking is not a job for novices. Please keep these points in mind before you attempt this type of project yourself.

Experience

Mudjacking requires much precision that can only be achieved by hands-on experience. Whether knowing what situations call for mudjacking, deciding where and how many holes to drill, or even how to mix and pour the mud slurry, an expert will give you the best results.

Tools

Mudjacking requires highly specialized and costly tools, such as a hydraulic mudjacking pump and a concrete boring drill with a diamond bit. While you can make do with some more readily available tools, they are likely to be weaker than the ones available to professionals, causing the project to take longer and potentially come out a bit sloppier.

Cost

Acquiring all of the necessary tools and materials is quite an expense, especially considering that you are unlikely to use these tools again.

But another thing to consider is how much your time is worth. While a professional may take a few hours to a day, it is likely to take inexperienced homeowners far longer, aside from all of the time it takes to research the process and decide on the best materials to purchase, gather the necessary tools and materials, and then clean up at the end of it all.

In addition, if something goes wrong, you will have a new and potentially more costly problem to fix, which may cost you more and even require hiring a professional.

Risks

If you feel brave enough to try this yourself, please also keep in mind the risks you must prepare for.

If the holes are drilled with the wrong tool, using too much pressure, or in the wrong spot, the slab is subject to cracking or even breaking. And if the space below the slab is not filled substantially, the same result can occur. Then, you are right back to where you started, or worse.

On the other hand, if you pour too much mud slurry below the slab, you risk over-lifting it, and there is no way to undo that. You have a new eyesore that may require a total slab replacement.

Is DIY mudjacking worth the risk?

A Superior Solution

As mentioned earlier, there are more modern methods for lifting uneven concrete slabs, including polyjacking. This superior alternative is faster, cleaner, and longer-lasting. Let us show you why.

Polyjacking: A Better Alternative

Polyjacking with polyurethane foam is another method for lifting concrete that uses an expanding foam instead of a cement slurry. It follows a similar installation process with a few exceptions. For example, we can drill smaller holes, a fraction of the size of those needed for mudjacking, which creates a cleaner look for your project.

Polyjacking is also faster, only taking a few hours at most from start to finish.

Not yet convinced?

Here are a few more reasons why polyjacking is better than mudjacking.

Concrete lifting foam is waterproof. Hence, unlike the cement slurry used in mudjacking, it will not erode over time.
Concrete lifting foam has a stronger strength-to-weight ratio than cement slurry, which keeps the soil underneath from shifting while supporting more loads, like your car.
Concrete lifting foam stabilizes the soil beneath the slab to prevent future cracks and is a longer-lasting solution than mudjacking.

If you have a cracked or uneven slab in our service area, contact us today for a free inspection and estimate. Avoid the money pit of DIY mudjacking and discover a better solution with us.

6 Problems with Self-Leveling Concrete You Should Know

Dave Epp — Wed, 14 Feb 2024 00:00:00 GMT

When issues occur with concrete, one of the options that many homeowners consider is using self-leveling concrete. This type of concrete flows easily, works quickly, and can fix an uneven floor in a matter of hours.

That being said, self-leveling concrete is not a cure-all for every problem experienced with a concrete slab. Some issues are specific to self-leveling concrete that you should know before using it at home.

1. Self-Leveling Concrete Is Difficult to DIY

Many homeowners enjoy doing work around the house when possible. They might even have an impressive set of tools, and they can regularly be found working the weekends doing anything from yard work to interior home repairs.

Self-leveling concrete, however, is not something that a homeowner generally does. It is not recommended as a DIY project because any error in the mixture could lead to problems with the finished results. The problems could include not leveling itself properly or cracking quickly after it is applied.

2. Self-Leveling Concrete Can Crack and Crumble

Cracks are a common problem when concrete is curing. Even large concrete slabs can have small cracks form as the concrete cures due to the stress associated with the concrete drying.

Self-leveling concrete can experience the same problems, but they are amplified in different ways. Since self-leveling concrete dries quickly, it can also crack quickly, and the cracks may be more substantial than what you would see with regular concrete.

Sometimes, self-leveling concrete is also used to cover cracks in the concrete slab. Doing so is a mistake because if the cracks are not repaired, they will get larger and result in the new layer of concrete cracking.

3. Self-Leveling Concrete Does Not Fix the Bigger Problems

There are times when self-leveling concrete is going to be a good solution. One reason it is used includes leveling the floor before you put tile or another type of flooring down. This type of issue resolves a problem where there may be dips in the concrete slab.

All too often, however, self-leveling concrete is used to cover problems that need repairing as well. A good example is when a concrete slab foundation cracks due to differential settlement. If that crack isn't repaired and the foundation isn't fixed, you can end up with bigger problems in the future.

If you have any large cracks in a concrete slab, it's important to have the slab inspected by a professional. Epp Foundation Repair can provide you with that inspection. All you have to do is call or fill out the form on our website.

4. Self-Leveling Concrete Is Not for Vertical Surfaces

Self-leveling concrete does have the benefit of curing quickly, but it is a thin mixture and will not cure quickly enough for use on vertical surfaces. You should only use self-leveling concrete on horizontal surfaces where the application is appropriate.

5. Self-Leveling Concrete Thickness Is Limited

Self-leveling concrete is a convenient choice for correcting specific problems, such as leveling a concrete floor before another floor is installed. It is not appropriate, however, for pouring a thicker slab.

Generally speaking, self-leveling concrete is only poured to a depth of 1 or 2 inches. If you need a thicker layer of concrete, such as pouring a foundation slab, you cannot use self-leveling concrete because it will not support the structure's weight.

6. Self-Leveling Concrete Is Not Useful Outdoors

It is not recommended that you use self-leveling concrete for any outdoor applications. Due to the nature of the concrete, it can experience problems due to the freeze-thaw cycle or exposure to excess moisture.

The extremes that are experienced outdoors can cause self-leveling concrete to crack easily and even crumble.

Can Problems with Self-Leveling Concrete Be Repaired?

Some issues are associated with self-leveling concrete, such as cracking or crumbling. Removing the self-leveling concrete and starting from scratch may be the only option.

Is A Foundation Repair Necessary?

Slab on grade foundations can sometimes experience problems due to differential settlement. Settlement is often associated with poor drainage and high moisture levels in the soil under and around the slab.

When the soil can no longer support the weight of the slab and structure, it can begin to sink and often does so at a different rate at different areas of the slab. As a result, the slab may eventually sink and crack, leading to many problems.

Epp Foundation Repair can be called on to correct this problem. Through underpinning with slab piers, the slab can be stabilized and even raised to an acceptable level.

After boring through the slab, slab piers can be inserted into the ground till they reach stable soil or bedrock. At that point, they are attached to the underside of the slab and provide the support the slab needs to last for a lifetime.

Contact Epp Foundation Repair today for a foundation inspection and more information on how we can fix a problem concrete foundation.

Sump Pump In Finished Basement

Dave Epp — Mon, 22 Jan 2024 00:00:00 GMT

To maintain your home's integrity, safeguarding your basement should be a top priority. One integral component of this protection is the sump pump, but when this part of your home has been turned into additional living space, the question inevitably arises: "Do you need a sump pump in a finished basement?"

Sump pumps are installed in basements to remove water and minimize damage to your home. They are your first line of defense against flooding, and can be particularly vital when your basement has been finished. However, the necessity of a sump pump isn't a one-size-fits-all situation. It depends on many factors, ranging from the geographical location of your home to the signs of potential water problems you might have noticed.

In this article, we'll explore the role of sump pumps and understand when they become a necessity. We'll also provide expert advice and practical tips to help you make the right decision for your finished basement, so that you can be sure to preserve your investment.

The Role of Sump Pumps in Preventing Basement Flooding

Sump pumps take on the important task of protecting your home against potential basement flooding. To achieve this, a sump pit and pump are installed at the lowest level of your basement floor. When water fills the pit, the pump sends the water through a network of pipes that lead it safely away from your home's foundation.

But people often want to know: when does a sump pump become a necessity? There are a variety of factors to consider when determining what is right for your unique situation, such as:

Prior history of basement flooding. If you have experienced basement flooding in the past, it is highly recommended that you install a sump pump to prevent future problems.
Geographical location. Some regions have a high water table, meaning the water level in the ground is close to the surface. This condition makes the risk of groundwater seepage and basement flooding higher. If your home is located in one of these regions, a sump pump is often considered essential.
Local climate. Heavy rainfall, snowmelt, or frequent storms can increase the likelihood of water entering your basement. A sump pump is a worthwhile investment in these types of environments.
Finished basement. Finally, even if you are considered low risk, having a sump pump in a finished basement is still considered a wise investment. This device is an affordable way to protect your additional living space from the risk of water damage.

Now that you have an understanding of the role of a sump pump, you are better equipped to make an informed decision based on your needs. Next, we'll explore how a sump pump can effectively prevent water-related issues.

Early Warning Signs of Water Problems in Your Basement

When considering a sump pump in a finished basement, it's important to recognize the basement waterproofing problem signs so that you can then take appropriate action. The rapid removal of excess water is essential for preventing flooding and water damage to your basement.

The stakes are higher in the case of a finished basement, as the space is often used for recreational, storage, or living purposes. Water damage can ruin possessions, lead to costly repairs, and create an uncomfortable living environment. A sump pump is a vital component of your basement's defense against these potential issues.

Signs of Water Problems in Your Basement

Identifying the early warning signs of water issues is the first step in prevention. Keep an eye out for the following indicators:

Dampness. If you notice areas of your basement that feel constantly damp or humid, this is a sign of potential water intrusion.
Musty odors. A persistent musty smell is often associated with moisture problems, and can indicate the presence of mold or mildew.
Water stains. Stains on the walls, floors, or ceiling can be a clear sign of water infiltration, whether from seepage through the walls or up through the floor.
Peeling paint or wallpaper. Water damage can cause paint or wallpaper to peel or bubble from excess moisture.
Signs of rust or wood rot. When metal and wood are exposed to excess moisture, they show signs of deterioration. If you notice rusted metal or rotting wood, you should identify the source of the problem before it gets worse.

Recognizing these early signs can help you proactively address water issues, potentially preventing further damage.

What to Do if You Have Basement Water Problems

What should you do if you identify these signs of water in your basement? It's vital to take prompt action to prevent damage and protect your property. Here are the next steps you should consider:

Contact a professional. We recommend contacting a qualified basement waterproofing specialist or foundation repair expert. These professionals have the expertise and equipment necessary to assess the problem and recommend the most effective solutions.
Identify where the water is coming from. Understanding why you are experiencing water intrusion is key to resolving the problem. A professional can pinpoint the source and recommend the appropriate measures to take.
Assess foundation condition. If you have recurring water issues, it's important to evaluate your foundation's condition for underlying structural concerns.
Sump pump installation. Depending on the professional's assessment, they may recommend the installation of a sump pump to manage and remove excess water effectively. This protective measure is especially important in areas that are prone to flooding.
Waterproofing solutions. Waterproofing your basement is a proactive method for preventing future water problems. This can include interior or exterior waterproofing, installation of drainage systems, or sealing of foundation cracks.

Taking these steps when you encounter basement water problems is essential to protecting your finished basement and the overall integrity of your home. Early intervention can help you avoid costly repairs and potential health hazards associated with moisture and mold. Always consult with experts in the field to determine the most appropriate solutions for your specific situation.

Choosing the Right Sump Pump for Your Finished Basement

Although sump pumps are designed with a primary objective in mind, there are also practical aspects to consider when adding this feature to your finished basement.

Types of Sump Pumps

There are two primary types of sump pump, each with its own set of advantages and considerations:

Pedestal sump pumps. These pumps feature a motor mounted on a pedestal above the sump pit. They allow for easy access when it comes to maintenance, but are generally noisier and less discreet.
Submersible sump pumps. This submersible pump design is installed directly inside the sump pit and is made to be submerged in water. They are quieter and less obtrusive, but can be slightly more challenging to access when servicing.

The choice between the pedestal and submersible sump pumps depends on factors like available space, personal preferences, and your specific needs.

Installation Considerations

Proper installation is crucial to the effectiveness of your sump pump. Consider these factors before adding a sump pump in a finished basement:

DIY installation. It is possible to complete a sump pump installation without the assistance of a professional installer. If you choose to opt for a DIY installation, make sure you have the proper equipment for cutting a hole in the basement floor and adding the necessary pipes.
Professional installation. Hiring a professional installer provides you with peace of mind in knowing that your system is set up properly the first time. Not only do professionals bring their expertise to the job, they will also ensure you are in compliance with local codes.
Battery-operated backup systems. Installing a battery backup system is a great way to ensure continuous operation. These systems provide additional safety during power outages, or in the event that the primary pump fails.

As you weigh your options, keep in mind that you may also have local regulations and building codes to comply with. A qualified professional can verify that your sump pump is installed correctly and your investment remains secure.

A Smart Choice for Basement Protection

As you consider whether a sump pump is essential for your finished basement, remember that prevention is often the most cost-effective path. Stopping water problems before they start can save you from the potentially devastating consequences of flooding and water damage.

Our expert advice:

Consult with professionals. When it comes to basement water management, it's advisable to consult with professionals who specialize in basement waterproofing and foundation repair. They can provide you with personalized assessments and solutions tailored to your unique situation.
Regular maintenance. Whether you already have a sump pump in your basement or are considering installing one, regular maintenance will keep it functioning as intended. Schedule periodic inspections and servicing to ensure your equipment remains in peak condition.
Proactive waterproofing. Consider proactive waterproofing measures to protect your basement, including installing drainage systems, sealing foundation cracks, and ensuring proper grading and drainage around your home.

At Epp Foundation Repair, our goal is to help restore your home's integrity so that you can rest assured that your home is both protected and structurally sound. We proudly service customers in Nebraska, Kansas, Missouri, Iowa, and surrounding areas.

Contact us today to receive a free estimate for a sump pump installation in your finished basement. Installing a sump pump in your finished basement is an investment that not only safeguards your basement, but also offers the peace of mind that comes with knowing your home is protected from potential water damage. Your finished basement is a valuable space, and a well-maintained sump pump will help preserve its comfort and functionality.

Why Is My Concrete Porch Pulling Away from the House?

Dave Epp — Wed, 10 Jan 2024 00:00:00 GMT

When we live in our homes day after day, we become accustomed to the things we see and hear. It's all part of being comfortable with where we live.

Sometimes, however, problems can happen right under our feet and we don't recognize them until more significant issues occur. A key example of this is when we notice that the concrete porch is pulling away from the house.

If you notice that your concrete porch is pulling away from the house, it should not be ignored. It is often a sign that other issues are taking place, and should be addressed as soon as possible.

Why Is My Concrete Porch Pulling Away from the House?

When a person is sick, it is often discovered because they begin showing symptoms. Something similar may also be true of your home, and having this problem with your concrete porch is just a sign that there are more significant problems happening under the surface.

Having this issue addressed by a professional is an essential part of the process. They will look for the following, which you can keep an eye out for as well:

Water: One of the most significant issues associated with damage to the home is water. Even a little bit of water can cause issues that can build up over time and could eventually cause the porch to separate from the rest of the structure.

This is often associated with the ground shifting, perhaps because of expansive soil. It may also happen if the foundation is damaged due to hydrostatic pressure, which can push the foundation in and cause it to buckle.

Differential settlement: If the soil cannot properly support the foundation, it can settle and even sink. Settling is common, but if the foundation continues to do so (often at a different rate), it can lead to problems that include the porch separating from the home.

You are likely noticing other issues resulting from the sinking foundation, such as sticking windows and doors, cracks in the walls, floors, and ceilings, or uneven and buckling floors. This is a problem that needs to be addressed by a foundation professional immediately.

The porch may also be settling, even if the rest of the home is not experiencing the same problem. Perhaps the foundation under the porch is not as secure as the rest of the home or, as is often the case, the porch may be built on a separate foundation.

Common Signs of Foundation Settlement

If you suspect you are experiencing a problem with foundation settlement, it's essential to look for other signs that may lead to the same conclusion. One problem is not necessarily going to mean that the foundation is failing, but multiple issues can raise red flags.

The following are some of the most common signs of foundation settlement:

Sticking windows and doors: As the foundation settles, it puts a significant amount of strain on the house's frame. This includes the smaller frames, such as the door and window frames.

As the door and window frames are under pressure, they may stick when you try to open and close them.

Cracks near the windows and doors: The pressure associated with the sinking foundation can also cause cracks in the drywall near the windows and doors. Additionally, it can cause cracks in concrete or cinder blocks, originating from those areas.

Sloping floors: Unless you take a level and check the floor directly, it is unlikely that you will know for sure that your floor is sloping. Often, this issue is noticed because people feel like they are falling or have vertigo as they walk across the room. The floors may also buckle as a result of a sinking foundation.

Floor, ceiling, and wall cracks: It is not unusual to have small cracks form, but if they are larger and continue to expand, it is a problem worth watching. Some cracks may extend from the wall to the ceiling, and you may have separation where the walls meet the ceiling, floor, or a corner.

Repair Options for Foundation Settlement

The porch is one of the first areas of the home that people see. It provides more than curb appeal, however, and can be a comfortable place to relax or visit with guests.

If the foundation is sinking (leading to the porch separating from the home), it could eventually lead to a failure and collapse. Recognizing the issue early on and getting help from a foundation professional is the first step in rectifying the issue.

The process of lifting and leveling porches is often done using underpinning. Helical piers (steel pipes similar to a screw) are inserted into the ground until they reach stable soil. They can then be attached to the foundation or the porch and provide stability.

After the pins are inserted and attached, the porch can be lifted hydraulically. It is not possible to lift the porch to its original height, but it can often be lifted to an acceptable level.

Another option that may help to raise the porch and stabilize it is polyjacking. A high-density polyurethane foam can be injected under the porch to lift and stabilize the area. Although underpinning is used more often, polyjacking can be used where limited access to the porch makes underpinning difficult, or there are no footings or foundation below.

Polyjacking is also a preferred method when the porch is a single layer of concrete, with no footings or foundation supporting it. Lifting the slab is possible with polyurethane foam, but if there is a structure on top of it (such as a sunroom), then underpinning may be necessary.

How to Prevent Foundation Settlement

They sometimes say that an ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure, and that is certainly true when it comes to preventing problems with the foundation. Considering how many serious issues are involved, taking some preventative measures is vital for any homeowner.

The following are some of the steps that can be done to correct the issue and prevent problems from occurring. Some of these can be done by a homeowner, but all of them are best handled by a professional.

Yard Grading: If the yard is not graded correctly, then water may flow toward the home and have an impact on the foundation. Regrading the yard properly allows the water to drain and reduces the possibility of foundation damage.

Downspout Extensions: The gutters and downspouts on your home take water runoff from the roof and bring it to the ground. Most downspouts deposit the water directly by the foundation, which can cause problems with expansive soil. Downspout extensions also channel water runoff from the roof, but they do so underground. As the water runs down the downspout, it enters the downspout extension and is taken at least 15 feet away from the home to a low-lying area.

Maintenance: Maintaining the gutter system is an integral part of the process. This would include cleaning any leaves or debris from the gutters to avoid having them clog the downspout extension. Gutter screens or leaf guards can also be installed for this purpose.

French Drain: In some cases, installing a French drain around the perimeter of the foundation is a good option. The French drain is a perforated pipe that is buried and collects excess water to channel it away from the foundation walls.

Landscaping: Having bushes planted too close to the foundation or having large trees in the area can cause issues.

These preventative measures can reduce the possibility of foundation problems and help keep your concrete porch in good shape. By getting a professional involved, you can ensure that any work done will have the biggest impact.

What Is a Catch Basin and Do I Need One?

Dave Epp — Mon, 08 Jan 2024 00:00:00 GMT

If you're a homeowner, then you know looking after your property inside and out is essential. Caring for your home often involves going beyond the obvious: looking at the unseen elements such as drainage systems and catch basins. But what is a catch basin, exactly? Do you need one on your property? Even if you understand why these features are helpful, it can be daunting to grapple with their complexities. This blog post will provide an overview of what catch basins are, why they're helpful, and how homeowners can evaluate whether or not they need one.

What Is a Catch Basin?

A catch basin is a structure designed to collect and hold rainwater and other precipitation runoff from paved surfaces such as roads, parking lots, and sidewalks. These structures are typically made of concrete or metal and are built into the ground, with the top of the basin being level with the surrounding surface.

Runoff is collected in the catch basin through a grating or inlet pipe and carried away via a series of pipes or channels, eventually flowing into a nearby waterway like a river or lake. The purpose of a catch basin is to prevent flooding and erosion caused by excess runoff and reduce the amount of pollutants entering our waterways.

Catch basins require regular maintenance to function correctly. They must be cleaned periodically to remove debris and sediment accumulating over time, as these can cause blockages and hinder water flow. Failure to properly maintain catch basins can lead to localized flooding, erosion, and water quality issues.

In addition to their functional purposes, catch basins can be equipped with artistic grates or decorative covers, making them functional and aesthetically pleasing. Some cities even feature public art installations on their catch basin covers, turning what might otherwise be a mundane piece of infrastructure into a work of art.

How Does a Catch Basin Work?

The catch basin works by utilizing gravity as water flows down from higher elevations into the basin's opening, which is connected to a network of pipes and other drainage components. The basin's structure involves an underground chamber with a grated inlet to prevent debris from entering the system and allow water to flow through. The water then enters the basin, where it is temporarily stored.

Over time, pollutants such as dirt, leaves, and sand settle at the bottom of the basin. To prevent blockages from interfering with the water diversion process, the basin's sump and the pipes must be regularly cleaned. This is commonly done using vacuum trucks. The grate at the top of the catch basin is also cleaned and inspected to ensure it is free from debris and not damaged.

In situations where the volume of water exceeds the catch basin's capacity, the overflow system kicks in, where excess water is diverted through an alternative outlet: typically another drainage system. This prevents water from spilling over the surface and causing localized flooding.

Pros and Cons of a Catch Basin

Pros

One of the most significant advantages of a catch basin is its ability to effectively collect and contain large volumes of stormwater runoff. This helps to prevent flooding, erosion, and other costly water damage issues.

Another significant benefit of catch basins is that they are relatively easy and inexpensive to install. Additionally, maintenance of a catch basin is minimal, requiring only occasional cleaning to remove debris and blockages.

Catch basins are also environmentally friendly. During filtration, the soil in the basin acts as a natural filter, removing pollutants and impurities from the water before it flows into nearby streams, rivers, and lakes. This helps to improve water quality and protect the ecosystem.

Furthermore, catch basins are known for their excellent durability and longevity. Proper maintenance of high-quality catch basins can last up to 50 years, making them a cost-effective solution for any drainage system.

Cons

While catch basins are essential to stormwater management systems, they also come with some drawbacks. One of the most significant cons of a catch basin is that it can become clogged with debris over time, impeding water flow through the system and ultimately leading to flooding.

Another disadvantage of catch basins is that they require regular maintenance to keep them functioning correctly. This can be time-consuming and costly, especially in areas with a high volume of stormwater runoff.

Moreover, catch basins are not always effective in capturing pollutants and contaminants that stormwater may carry. Some of these pollutants can create environmental issues downstream, affecting water quality in rivers, streams, and other bodies of water.

Signs That You Might Need a Catch Basin

One of the most apparent indicators that you might need a catch basin is standing water on your property after rainfall. This can indicate a lack of proper drainage, leading to problems like soil erosion, flooding, or even property damage. Additionally, if you have noticed that water is pooling around your home's foundation, it may be a sign that a catch basin is needed to prevent water from accumulating and causing structural damage.

A soggy or swampy lawn is another sign that you might need a catch basin. This can happen when water is not draining correctly, and the excess moisture can lead to plants or grass dying off. Furthermore, if you notice that water is pouring into the street or onto other properties, it may be a sign that a catch basin is needed to divert water to the appropriate drainage system.

What's the Difference Between a Catch Basin and a French Drain?

When it comes to managing water runoff around your property, you have a few options. Two of these are catch basins and French drains. While some people may use these terms interchangeably, they are two different systems with distinct functions and designs.

A catch basin is a rectangular or circular basin that collects surface water and directs it into a drainage pipe or channel. Typically made of concrete or plastic, a catch basin is commonly seen in parking lots, roadways, and other high-traffic areas. It features a grate on top to prevent debris and large objects from entering the drain, and can be connected to a larger stormwater management system.

On the other hand, a French drain is a sloped trench filled with stones and gravel that directs water away from a specific area. It's designed to collect water underground and channel it to a designated outlet, such as a gutter or a dry well. The trench is typically lined with a permeable fabric that prevents soil and dirt from clogging the drainage system. French drains are commonly installed around foundations, along retaining walls, or in areas that experience heavy rainfall.

Do I Need More Than One Catch Basin?

Having only one catch basin may not be sufficient to handle large amounts of water, particularly during heavy rainfall. If your property has a large surface area, then installing additional catch basins strategically to capture and manage water flow effectively may be prudent. Furthermore, installing additional catch basins can help prevent clogging or backups in the system, ensuring that water can flow freely and be directed away from your property as intended.

It's essential to remember that the number of catch basins needed will depend on the size of your property and the amount of rainfall you typically receive in your area. Consulting with a basement waterproofing specialist can help you determine the most effective placement and number of catch basins needed to keep your property dry and free from water damage.

How to Clean Your Catch Basin

The best way to clean a catch basin involves several steps:

First, it is important to identify any potential hazards or pollutants that might have accumulated within the catch basin. These could include sediment, debris, oil or grease, and other substances that may contaminate the surrounding environment and cause harm to the catch basin's ecosystem. Once these hazards have been identified, a proper cleaning plan can be developed.
The next step involves removing any large pieces of debris or sediment that might be present in the catch basin. This can be done using a scoop or other specialized cleaning tool, and is an essential step in preparing the catch basin for a more thorough cleaning.
Once the larger debris has been removed, it is vital to use a high-pressure jet to clean the inside of the catch basin. This will help remove any remaining dirt or sediment stuck to the sides or bottom of it. The jet may also remove any oil or grease accumulated within the catch basin over time.
After the basin has been thoroughly cleaned, it is essential to inspect it for any signs of damage or wear. This can include cracks or holes in the basin's structure, indicating more serious issues that require further attention.
Finally, it is important to dispose of any waste or debris that has been removed from the catch basin in a safe and eco-friendly manner. This will help minimize the impact of the cleaning process on the surrounding environment and ensure that the catch basin remains an effective and efficient means of managing stormwater and other wastewater.

If you're concerned about drainage on your property, contact us today to schedule an evaluation and receive a free estimate. We serve areas in four states: Nebraska, Iowa, Kansas, and Missouri.

What Are Foundation Wall Anchors?

Dave Epp — Wed, 20 Dec 2023 00:00:00 GMT

Are you a homeowner with bowed or cracked basement walls? If so, you may be dealing with foundation wall failure. A common solution for damaged foundation walls is the installation of wall anchors. In this blog post, we will explore the ins and outs of foundation wall anchors so that you can make informed decisions about your home's health and safety.

What Is Hydrostatic Pressure and How Does It Affect a Foundation Wall?

Hydrostatic pressure is the pressure that is exerted by a fluid at rest. This pressure is exerted equally in all directions and can increase as the depth of the fluid increases. When groundwater accumulates around a foundation, it can create a buildup of hydrostatic pressure that pushes against the foundation's walls.

The effect of hydrostatic pressure on a foundation wall can be significant. Over time, this constant pressure can cause cracks in the walls. These cracks can then allow water to seep through and into the basement or crawl space, leading to moisture problems (and potentially even structural damage). In some cases, the pressure can be strong enough to cause the wall to bow inward, which can compromise the wall's structural integrity.

To combat hydrostatic pressure, it is essential to ensure good drainage around the property. Installing a drain tile system can help prevent excess moisture from accumulating in the ground around the foundation.

What Are Foundation Wall Anchors?

Foundation wall anchors are support systems that stabilize and repair bowed or cracked foundation walls.

Foundation wall anchors consist of a threaded steel rod that is attached to the interior wall of the basement and anchored into the soil outside the home with a steel plate. The anchors stop further inward movement. Periodic tightening of the nuts, as the manufacturer recommends, may gradually improve the wall's position over time, but that recovery is not guaranteed; stabilization is.

Foundation wall anchors provide a safe and cost-effective solution to bowed or cracked basement walls and can help ensure long-lasting stability and durability. They are installed by experienced foundation repair professionals who can assess the extent of the damage and calculate the necessary number of anchors required for optimal stabilization.

When Do You Need Foundation Wall Anchors?

Foundation wall anchors are essential when the structural integrity of your home's foundation is compromised. During the construction of a house, foundation walls are designed to provide sturdy support to the overall structure. However, factors like hydrostatic pressure can cause foundation walls to bow inward and even crack. In such cases, foundation wall anchors are necessary to stabilize these walls and prevent further damage to your home.

If you notice any cracks, bowing, or bulges in your foundation walls, it's important to take action and seek professional help to inspect the situation. Foundation wall anchors could be the answer to your problem and prevent further damage. Delaying or ignoring these warning signs could lead to more significant issues, as well as a larger repair.

For more information, check our blog about Gap between wall and floor.

Benefits of Foundation Wall Anchors

One of the primary benefits of foundation wall anchors is their ability to stabilize the wall and stop further inward movement from occurring.

Another benefit of foundation wall anchors is that, in some cases, they may gradually improve the position of the foundation wall over time. This is made possible because the anchors provide a counterforce which pushes against the inward pressure that caused the wall to bow or crack in the first place. Stabilization is the guaranteed outcome; any recovery is a bonus.

Foundation wall anchors are durable and long-lasting. They are made from high-quality materials that are resistant to corrosion, rust, and wear and tear. This ensures that they remain effective in providing support and reinforcement to the foundation wall for years to come.

How Are Foundation Wall Anchors Installed?

The first step is to excavate the soil away from the foundation wall to create access to the foundation.
Next, the anchor hole is drilled through the foundation wall. The hole should be drilled at an angle, usually 15 degrees.
A steel rod is then inserted into the hole and driven into the soil. The anchor plate is installed securely to the end of the rod.
The anchor plate is connected to a steel wall plate installed on the inside of the foundation wall using the threaded rod.
Once the anchor plate is connected to the wall plate, the nut is tightened to create tension on the anchor rod, which holds the foundation wall in place and prevents any further movement.
Finally, the soil is backfilled into the excavated hole.

It is important to note that a professional foundation contractor should install foundation wall anchors to ensure proper installation and prevent further damage to the foundation. The installation process may vary depending on the specific needs of the foundation and the soil conditions, but the above steps provide a general overview of how foundation wall anchors are installed to stabilize bowed and cracked foundation walls.

If you have a cracked or bowed foundation wall, contact us today to schedule an inspection and receive a free Customized Repair Estimate. We serve areas in four states: Nebraska, Iowa, Kansas, and Missouri. The top cities we serve are Lincoln, Omaha, Grand Island, Kearney, Norfolk, and many more.

What Are Piers In A Foundation?

Dave Epp — Fri, 08 Dec 2023 00:00:00 GMT

The importance of having a strong foundation for any building cannot be underestimated. A foundation is there to provide support and stability, as well as protect the entire structure from failure and collapse.

While many parts of the foundation may play a critical role, foundation piers should not be overlooked. In many cases, they form an essential part of the foundation, especially when the soil is not able to support the building properly.

In this article, we will take a look at the different types of foundation piers that may be used. Some of these can be part of the foundation from the initial construction but they are often used to stabilize and repair a foundation that is already failing.

Types of Foundation Piers

Concrete piers. These are essentially solid concrete pillars that are strong enough to support the foundation and the building that rests on top of it. Because of the additional work needed to use them, however, they are not the most common choice. Usually, push or helical piers are preferred.

Push piers. As the name would suggest, push piers are made of steel and are pushed into the ground. They stack on top of each other until the pier eventually reaches stable soil or bedrock. At that point, they are then attached to the foundation to help stabilize it, and in some cases help lift it.

Helical piers. Similar to push piers, helical piers are put into the ground until they reach stable soil or bedrock. The main difference between the two is that a helical pier has a helix, which makes it similar to a screw.

Push Piers or Helical Piers: Which Should You Choose?

The difference between push piers and helical piers is relatively minor. A push pier can be pushed into the earth because it is essentially a steel pipe, while a helical pier is screwed into the ground because it contains a helix.

Although the difference between the two types of piers is minor, there is a significant difference in why they are selected. Choosing the right pier type will help support the foundation in a way that will benefit the building to the greatest extent possible.

Helical piers are typically preferred by most contractors, but they aren't the best choice for every situation. They can be used for both light and heavy loads, and are often used as a tieback for basement and retaining walls.

Push piers are frequently used because they can be sunk to a greater depth than a helical pier. If it is necessary for a deeper pier to be used, then a push pier is usually the choice that is made.

For most foundations, the selection commonly involves the depth of stable soil or bedrock. Both piers can be attached to the foundation, which provides stability for the structure.

Another factor to consider is the access. If you are working in a tight space, such as between buildings, you may not be able to fit the equipment for installing helical piers. These types of situations usually make push piers the support of choice.

Push piers are also considered the better choice if you need to support a very heavy structure. They are often used in industrial or commercial settings where the building is much heavier.

Helical piers are often preferred if you are stabilizing a smaller area, such as a porch or wing wall. They may also help provide additional lift for the foundation, when appropriate.

If you are supporting the foundation during the initial construction, then helical piers will often be used. If you are trying to support a foundation that is already failing, then push piers may be considered.

Signs That a Building Foundation May Need Piers

Sticking windows and doors. When a building's foundation sinks or shifts, it causes the frame of the building to shift as well. This includes smaller frames, such as the window and door frames. Sticking windows and doors is one of the first signs that a building's foundation is failing.

Uneven floors. You may not notice that the floor is uneven, but you may feel as if you have vertigo or are falling when you walk across the room or down the hall.

Cracked or separating bricks. In a brick home, you might notice that the bricks are separating or cracking. Stair step cracks or cracks that originate at the corner of the foundation, a door, or window frame are common signs of foundation failure.

Gaps between walls and the ceiling. There is a significant amount of torque on the frame of the home when the foundation shifts. You may notice this when the walls and ceilings begin separating from each other. The cracks may even expand as time goes by.

Nail pops. Do you see nails popping out from the drywall? This is also due to the tremendous pressure being placed on the frame of the home as the foundation sinks.

For more information, check out our blog about slab foundations versus crawl spaces.

Foundation Pier Maintenance and Longevity

Installation of piers often requires some excavation to reach the part of the foundation where the pier will be attached. There is also a significant amount of work involved in either pushing or screwing it into the ground.

A pier is designed to be a long-term part of the foundation. However, that doesn't mean that problems can't occur (and they sometimes do), so a maintenance routine should be considered.

While digging down to visually inspect the pier is not typically done, there are some measures that can be taken to help limit the possibility of damage to the pier. This is especially true in the case of hydrostatic pressure.

When you have piers installed for your foundation, talk to the company about also setting up a drainage system that will keep the soil from being waterlogged. These often include a French drain around the outside of the foundation or a tile drain system inside the house, including a pit and a sump pump.

You can also use gutter extenders to keep the water from draining from the roof directly into the ground around the foundation. Be careful about planting shrubbery too close to the foundation, and make sure that the slope of the ground allows water to safely flow away.

In most cases, piers will last longer than the building itself, and there is not typically a need to worry about the piers unless some type of extreme issue occurs, such as a mudslide or earthquake, which can affect the piers on an underground level.

The bottom line is, you don't need to be concerned about the piers disintegrating or needing to be replaced. Just appreciate the fact that they are in place and helping to keep your home stable.

Does Your Home Need Foundation Piers?

At this point, you may be wondering whether or not your home needs foundation piers. It is difficult to answer this question, but not if you take advantage of a foundation inspection.

Are you noticing problems that could indicate foundation failure or a sinking foundation? These could include items listed above in the article, such as sticking windows and doors, sloping floors, and cracks in the drywall.

When these problems occur, contact Epp Foundation Repair for a free inspection of your foundation and a repair estimate. After filling out the form on our website, one of our friendly representatives will get back to you as soon as possible, so that a foundation professional can let you know what is necessary to keep your foundation strong.

What Is a Floor Joist?

Dave Epp — Fri, 01 Dec 2023 00:00:00 GMT

Are you a homeowner looking to learn more about floor joists? If so, you've landed on the right page. In crawl space foundations, floor joists are integral structural elements that provide necessary support for the floors. They come in different shapes and sizes, and in residential construction, they're usually made from wood. In this blog post, we'll explore what floor joists are precisely, how to determine if yours need replacing or repairing, and other considerations when it comes to maintaining them.

What Is a Crawl Space Foundation?

A crawl space foundation is a type of foundation commonly used in residential properties. It creates a space beneath the house that's typically 1 to 3 feet tall and elevates the home off the ground. It's just tall enough to crawl around in and provides access to the home's plumbing and other utilities. The crawl space is usually accessed through a small opening on the house's exterior or in a closet.

What Is a Floor Joist?

A floor joist is a horizontal structural member that supports the weight of the flooring system. More specifically, floor joists are wooden or steel framing members spaced regularly on top of beams/girders. The best way to describe floor joists is with an illustration:

Floor joists help provide the support necessary to hold up the weight of the floor, as well as any additional loads that may be placed on it, such as furniture, appliances, or people.

Floor joists differ from both beams and support posts in several ways. Firstly, beams are much larger and more robust than floor joists. They're placed under the floor joists and are supported by support posts. Support posts are vertical load-bearing members used to support the beams and the floor joists.

For more information, see Signs Your Crawl Space Might Need Floor Joist Reinforcement.

Common Problems With Floor Joists

The most common problems with floor joists include the following:

Wood rot: Wood rot is caused by moisture in the crawl space and, if left untreated, can weaken the structural integrity of the floor joists, leading to costly repairs and potential safety hazards.
Termites: These pesky insects can quickly and easily infiltrate wood structures, causing extensive damage in a short amount of time. It's crucial to regularly inspect for termite presence and address any infestations promptly to avoid significant damage to the floor joists.
Not enough floor joists: If there aren't enough floor joists installed, the floor can sag. It's essential to adhere to local building codes and standards to ensure the proper number of floor joists are installed.
Floor joists that are too small: Floor joists that are too small can also lead to problems since they can't support the floor properly. They can bow, crack, or even break if the load is too heavy.

Signs There Might Be A Problem With Your Floor Joists

Signs there might be a problem with your floor joists include the following:

Sagging floor: If you notice the floor above the crawl space is sagging or sloped in certain areas, this could be a sign the underlying support structure is failing.
Bouncy floor: Similarly, if you notice that your floors feel bouncy or unstable when you walk on them, it could indicate that the joists cannot support the weight of the floor above them.
Problems with doors and windows: If you find that doors and windows are sticking or difficult to open and close, this could indicate a problem with the wooden support structures in the crawl space.
Wall cracks: These cracks can indicate that your home's foundation is shifting or settling due to weakened floor joists or other structural issues.

If you see any of the above, contact an experienced foundation repair contractor right away and ask for an inspection. Foundation issues spotted early cost less to repair.

How Are Problems With Floor Joists Repaired?

The process of repairing damaged floor joists typically involves a thorough assessment of the extent of the damage. Professional contractors use specialized instruments like moisture meters and laser levels to assess the condition of the joists. If the joists are salvageable, the repairs can be performed through sistering, which involves adding new joists alongside the existing damaged ones. The new joists are then bolted and glued to the damaged ones, reinforcing them and distributing the load more effectively.

However, if the damage to the joists is extensive, replacement may be the only viable option. In such cases, the process involves the removal of the damaged joists and the installation of new ones.

Is Repairing Floor Joists A DIY Job?

We don't recommend homeowners attempt to repair floor joists as a DIY project unless they already have experience doing it. Repairing or replacing floor joists can be a complex and involved process. Therefore, unless you have experience doing this, it's better to let the pros handle it. They have the required expertise to perform a thorough assessment, design a viable repair or replacement plan, and execute it safely and efficiently while ensuring the structural integrity of the building isn't compromised.

If you think there might be a problem with the floor joists in your crawl space, contact us today and schedule an inspection. If we find a problem, we'll give you a repair estimate. We serve areas in Nebraska, Iowa, Kansas, and Missouri.

How to Fix Cracked Drywall Ceiling

Dave Epp — Mon, 27 Nov 2023 00:00:00 GMT

Drywall is a very common building material but it is not the strongest material when compared to the foundation and frame of a home. It is used to cover the walls and when it is painted, it makes for a very nice wall finish.

The unfortunate reality is that, in many cases, drywall can crack. It can occur for a variety of reasons but when it happens, it is a real eyesore.

One way the drywall frequently cracks is on the ceiling. When this problem occurs, your eye is automatically pulled to that area. It doesn't matter how good the rest of the home looks, all you will really notice is the crack in the ceiling.

In this article, we are going to discuss how to repair cracked drywall ceilings. This will include looking into the possible reasons why the crack may have occurred so it can be corrected permanently.

We all want our homes to look their best and first impressions really do matter in many cases. Don't allow a cracked ceiling to distract people from the hard work you put into the rest of the home. Fix it now, and fix it permanently using the following methods described in this article.

What Causes Ceiling Cracks?

Not every ceiling crack is going to be the same as others. Being able to identify the different types of ceiling cracks can help you to identify the underlying problems.

Some of the different things you will look for with the ceiling cracks include the pattern and sizes. There may also be some discoloration that will point you in the right direction for a proper diagnosis.

Hairline Ceiling Cracks: These are very thin and they don't tend to grow over time. Hairline cracks are not typically a problem to worry about, as they are often associated with poor workmanship or changes in the humidity.

In most cases, hairline ceiling cracks that have not expanded over time can simply be patched and they will not show up again.

Discolored Ceiling Cracks: Look carefully at the crack in the ceiling and see if there is any evidence of discoloration. If there is, it is likely due to water damage.

Some common colors for water-damaged drywall include brown and yellow. It may also be black, green, or other colors if mold is present.

These are serious issues because patching the crack is not going to fix the issue behind the damage. Allowing the water leak to continue will only cause the problem to expand and the crack will show up again, along with serious mold and mildew issues.

Spiderweb Cracks: If you see a spiderweb pattern of cracks extending across the ceiling, it is a sign of bigger issues. The cracks may not be large, but it usually indicates that there may be some settling happening with the foundation.

Uneven foundation settling, usually referred to as differential settlement, puts pressure on the frame of the home. As it does so, it causes pressure on the rest of the home and the weakest material, the drywall, will eventually crack.

Cracks That Extend Down the Wall: If you have a ceiling crack that continues down the wall, this is also a sign of a more serious issue. In particular, it is a sign that there is movement in the foundation that needs to be addressed.

Foundation settlement can lead to these extensive cracks. The cracks may also show up near windows or doors, as that is an area of the home where the frame is under more significant pressure.

Straight-Line Cracks: Is the crack in the ceiling unusually straight? These cracks often look like they were created on purpose, but there is actually a reason why they are so straight.

Essentially, these types of cracks occur along the edge of the drywall, where two sheets of drywall meet together. If there is a problem with the drywall finish, such as the mud or the tape, then the crack will usually appear in a straight line.

Large Cracks with Other Ceiling Problems: Sometimes, the cracks are large and they continue to extend. You may also notice that the ceiling is bowing and damage is occurring to other areas of the drywall as well.

This is typically a serious problem that is associated with foundation shifting, water damage, or poor workmanship. If you notice these problems, it is important to contact Epp Foundation Repair for a free foundation inspection.

For more information, check our blog about the gap between wall and floor.

Is the Foundation in Trouble?

As you may have noticed, some of the different types of ceiling cracks can indicate foundation problems. Should you panic when you see a crack forming?

Cracks in the ceiling can certainly be a sign of a bigger issue, but how do you know for sure? One thing you can do is look for other signs of foundation problems, including the following:

Sticking Windows and Doors: As the door and window frames get out of square due to pressure from the sinking foundation, it can cause the windows and doors to stick.

Sloped Floors: Most people can't see the change in elevation as it changes. They can feel it though, as they often feel like they are falling or have vertigo.

Exterior Wall Cracks: When cracks begin appearing on the exterior walls, it is a sign that the foundation is moving. Stair step cracks are the pattern most often tied to settlement, while horizontal cracks more commonly point to soil pressure against the wall.

Chimney Problems: The chimney is a heavy part of the home but it is often on a part of the foundation that is not strong. As a result, foundation problems often show up first in the chimney as it cracks, leans, and separates from the home.

If you suspect foundation problems, contact the pros at Epp Foundation Repair for a free foundation inspection and repair estimate.

How to Fix Small or Large Ceiling Cracks

Repairing a crack in the ceiling drywall is not difficult. The method is the same, for the most part, regardless of the size.

After you determine that there is not an underlying issue that needs repairing, such as a sinking foundation or water damage, you can move on to the repair process. Here are the basic steps necessary to get the job done:

Prepare the Crack: This is a step that is all too often overlooked. It is important to use a five-in-one tool or utility knife to clean up the edges of the crack from loose drywall compound and paint. If there is any old drywall tape in the area, it should be removed.

Joint Compound: Use a suitably sized drywall knife to spread joint compound over the area of the crack. Don't simply fill the crack with joint compound. You should be spreading it at least 3 inches wide with the crack in the center.

Drywall Tape: Applying drywall tape keeps the joint compound from shrinking into the crack and having it show through at the end. You can apply the tape, either mesh or paper, so that it sticks in the wet joint compound.

Joint Compound: Continue to work the tape with joint compound but be careful not to apply too much to the area. You just want to cover it so that the mesh or tape edges disappear. The edges should be feathered out into the ceiling so they practically disappear.

This step may need to be repeated more than once. Just continue to work with it and be careful not to build up an edge. The smoother you have the joint compound, the less work you will have in the next step.

Sanding: Many people use sandpaper to remove any high points in the joint compound but it is better if you use a wet sponge. This is a method known as wet sanding, and it works very well.

A sponge that is soaked with water will act like a coarse-grit sandpaper. If you ring the sponge out, it will act like fine-grit sandpaper.

The benefit of wet sanding is that you don't have any dust. It also does a good job, and you can always go back to add additional joint compound if you get too enthusiastic and remove too much material.

Paint: After allowing the joint compound to dry completely, you should paint the ceiling. It is best if you use a high-quality primer first and then paint second. You might also find that painting the entire ceiling helps to hide the crack completely.

What if Ceiling Cracks Keep Coming Back?

If the ceiling continues to crack in the same area after it has been repaired, it is a sign that there are still issues that need addressing. These could be problems with water leaks, foundation settling, and other issues.

Continuing to fix a crack that shows up time after time is like putting a Band-Aid on a bullet wound. You need to fix the underlying problem and, at that point, you can do any repairs that are necessary.

Epp Foundation Repair is your go-to resource for repairing any foundation problems. Large or small, we have the expertise, equipment, and manpower to get the job done. The top cities we serve are Lincoln, Omaha, Grand Island, Kearney, Norfolk, and many more; contact us today for a free estimate.

What Is The Purpose Of A Basement Floor Drain

Dave Epp — Wed, 22 Nov 2023 00:00:00 GMT

Many homeowners in Nebraska and throughout the Midwest are familiar with the benefits and problems associated with having a basement. A basement can be a real asset when it is dry and usable, but all too often it is a damp, dingy part of the home.

Dealing with a wet basement can be a real struggle, but there are options that can help keep a basement dry. The options may differ from one home to another, but with the right repairs, a wet basement can turn into a dry space.

Just like any job that can improve your home, there are options available to keep the basement dry. We will consider those options in this article, along with why you should consider calling a foundation repair professional in the first place.

Understanding Hydrostatic Pressure

There are physical forces at work below ground that can strain foundation walls to the limit.

This type of pressure is known as hydrostatic pressure, and it is a common problem in Nebraska. Due to expansive soil, the pressure may be extreme when the weather and the ground are wet. Other issues can include improper grading, roof runoff, and even nearby bushes and trees.

Like a sponge, the soil will expand when it takes in water. It expands in all directions, including pushing against your foundation walls. The pressure it puts on the walls is known as hydrostatic pressure, and it can damage the wall over time. Something similar can happen to the concrete slab floor.

Hydrostatic pressure is not likely to destroy your foundation all at once. It can continue to put gradual pressure on the foundation walls, causing them to crack and eventually to buckle or fail.

Is A Wet Basement Normal?

When you go down into your basement, do you encounter an area with damp air, musty smells, and perhaps even wet areas on the walls and floors? This is a common problem in Nebraska, as well as throughout the Midwest.

Most of us consider a wet basement to be a fact of life, but even if wet basements are common, they should never be considered normal. There is a solution to the problem.

Ignoring a problem with a wet basement is only going to cause additional issues for you and your family. This could include mold, high humidity throughout the home, and lower air quality for you and your family. Installing a basement floor drain is a step that moves things in the right direction.

Basement Floor Drain Systems

A basement floor drain can be different from one home to another. At a most basic level, it is a simple drain in the floor to catch water that might get in from a flood or if a water heater leaks. The basement floor is sloped to drain the water in that direction.

A basement floor drain system can accomplish something similar, although it works anytime there is water in the soil, not just on the basement floor. Here are the two basic types of basement floor drains.

1. Interior Drain Tile Systems: Installing an interior drain tile system involves using a jackhammer to remove the slab near the foundation walls. A channel is then dug into the soil underneath, and it is filled with gravel.

A 4 inch perforated pipe is put in the channel, and it is then filled with more gravel. The pipe will either drain from the basement to a lower lying area, or it will drain into a sump pit and be pumped out of the basement and away from the foundation walls.

2. Exterior Drain Tile Systems: An exterior drain tile system is very similar to an interior drain tile system, but there is a lot more work involved in installing it. This type of system is better installed during the initial construction process, but it can also be installed later.

In many cases, a piece of permeable fabric is also placed over the pipe in an exterior drain tile system to keep soil from clogging the pipe.

The installation of both interior and exterior basement floor drain systems is a lot of work. It is not something that a homeowner should consider doing on their own.

What Causes Wet Basements?

The obvious answer to what causes wet basements is excess water in the surrounding soil. In a perfect world, water would drain from the soil properly while also maintaining an appropriate level of moisture.

Too much water in the soil results in hydrostatic pressure, which can damage the foundation walls and floor, as covered above. It can also be caused by one of the following problems.

Incompetent Soil: Some types of soil tend to hold onto water and expand when they get wet. It is the expansion that puts pressure on the walls. This is known as expansive soil, and it is common in the Midwest.
Grading Problems: The lot must be graded so that water drains away from the home. If it is not graded in that direction, or if there is not enough of a grade, water may actually run to the foundation, resulting in this issue. For more information, check our post about landscaping next to house foundation.
Trees and Plants: Any plants that require regular watering should not be planted too close to the foundation. A minimum distance of 10 feet is suggested, or the watering process could cause the soil to get waterlogged.
Roof Runoff: Keeping the gutters clean and installing gutter downspout extensions keeps the roof runoff from draining directly into the soil by the foundation walls.

For more information, see how to keep water away from house foundation.

Do You Need A Sump Pump?

There are two typical options for drainage with a basement floor drain. If the property allows it, water could drain to a lower area using gravity. Otherwise, a sump pump may be needed.

A sump pump removes water from the lowest part of the basement. It can pump the water up and out of the basement to an area away from the foundation.

Both interior and exterior basement floor drain systems can be directed into a sump pit located in the basement. When the water reaches a certain level, the pump is activated until the water level is at a pre-set lower level.

There are two different types of sump pumps. They also come in different strengths, measured by horsepower. It is also usually a good idea to choose a sump pump with a battery backup, in case the power goes out.

Submersible Sump Pump: This is a convenient option because you can connect it to power and install it in the bottom of the sump pit. These tend to be powerful pumps that run without many problems.
Pedestal Sump Pump: If you are looking for an affordable sump pump that is easy to install and maintain, a pedestal sump pump is one to consider. They don't tend to have the power of a submersible, so they may take longer to drain the sump pit.

Additional Options To Keep Your Basement Dry

A basement floor drain system is a great way to change a damp basement into a dry part of the home. There are also other options that can keep your basement dry.

Vapor Barrier: Sometimes, a vapor barrier is installed to keep water from seeping into the basement through the foundation walls. Even if water does get through, the vapor barrier will redirect the water to the basement floor drain.

Crack Repair: Repairing any structural cracks can help keep water out of the basement. Carbon fiber can be used to strengthen the wall and keep the crack from expanding, and epoxy injections can then permanently fill the crack.

Keeping the basement dry is important for the basement and the rest of the home. Installing a basement floor drain is an essential part of the process, one that can leave you with a dry, usable basement that will benefit you and your family.

When your home encounters challenges such as bowing basement walls, foundation cracks, sloping floors, or sticking windows, turn to a foundation repair professional for dependable solutions. As your local foundation experts in Omaha, we are dedicated to addressing and resolving various foundation concerns. Reach out to us today to schedule a free inspection and start the path toward a stable and secure foundation for your property.

Soil Pulling Away From Foundation

Dave Epp — Fri, 17 Nov 2023 00:00:00 GMT

The soil in Nebraska can be great for farming but it isn't always the best for your foundation. Much of the soil is what is known as 'expansive soil,' and this can be a problem.

You can think of expansive soil as being like a sponge. When it is soaked with water, it holds onto it and it expands. If you let the sponge sit out of water for an extensive amount of time, it dries out and shrinks. Of course, once you add water to the sponge, it expands again.

The soil throughout Nebraska is expansive and it has the same qualities. During the wet months of the year, the soil expands. When we experience dry conditions or a drought, the soil will contract. In either case, it can wreak havoc on your foundation.

What causes soil to pull away from the foundation?

Have you noticed a gap forming between the soil and your foundation? This may happen when the weather is dry and the soil is shrinking as a result.

If the dry conditions persist, you may also see that the gap will expand between the foundation and the surrounding soil. Other cracks will also appear in the soil, which is common in heavy drought conditions.

There is an opposite effect that occurs when the soil is wet. This is often seen during the winter months or when snow melts and saturates the soil. Heavy rainfall in the spring and summer months can also lead to this issue.

They call it expansive soil because it will expand when wet. Since clay soil can hold onto a considerable amount of water, it can also expand quite far, leading to excessive pressure being placed on a foundation.

This type of hydrostatic pressure that occurs during wet times of the year can lead to cracks in the foundation or foundation heave. Dry soil can allow the foundation to shift or sink. In either case, it is an issue for the entire structure.

What is Done To Protect The Foundation?

We don't often give much thought to the soil under our feet (or our homes) until problems occur. That is especially true for dry soil.

When the soil is wet, the problems tend to be obvious. We might set up systems to keep the water from putting pressure on the foundation, such as french drains or downspout extensions.

We tend to overlook the possibility that dry soil may be just as damaging. We might water the soil to keep the grass green, but that is usually only enough to keep the first few inches of soil wet.

Even though summer soil shrinkage is often ignored, it is something that can cause serious issues. What can you do to fix the problem, and what should you never do? Knowing will help you to make the best decision.

Should You Hydrate the Soil?

One of the first options you might consider is turning on the hose and hydrating the soil at the foundation. You might have even been told to do this, but that doesn't make it a good idea.

It is true that hydrating the soil near the foundation will cause it to expand and close the gap. The problem is, that most homeowners do not know how much water to use or how often they should use it.

Hydrating the soil too much can cause just as many problems as leaving it dry. As the soil expands, it can put pressure on the foundation wall. This hydrostatic pressure could lead to cracks in the foundation, wall buckling, and foundation failure.

In addition, water near the foundation could get into the crawlspace and basement through any existing cracks or around openings, such as the windows.

There are other things that you should not do when the soil is pulling away from the foundation.

Don't Add Additional Soil: It may seem like a logical decision to add additional soil into the gap between the existing soil and the foundation. The problem is that you are filling a gap that will eventually close when the soil gets wet again.

Any hydrostatic pressure that is put on the foundation from the expansive soil will be increased. It is more likely to cause cracking, bowing, and foundation failure.

Don't Ignore the Problem: Like any other issue, ignoring the fact that the soil is pulling away from the foundation is not going to make it go away. This is more than a sign of dry soil, it is a sign of incompetent soil.

Rather than ignoring the problem until it grows larger, you should contact EPP Foundation Repair and request a free inspection. It's the only way to know what is really happening with your foundation.

Don't Fill the Gap with Sand: Some well-meaning people and even some contractors will recommend you fill the gap with sand. Doing so is useless and may even cause some harm.

More than likely, the sand will wash away once it rains. In a worst-case scenario, the sand will fill the void and when it rains, it will put more pressure on the foundation walls, causing them to crack or buckle.

What Should You Do When The Soil Pulls Away from the Foundation?

There are some steps you can take when you notice the soil pulling away from the foundation. These steps will both work to correct the problem and keep it from growing.

Contact EPP for a Foundation Inspection: When the soil pulls away from the foundation, it is a sign of a possible problem but it doesn't mean your foundation is on its last leg. The only way to know for sure is to contact Epp Foundation Repair and request a free foundation inspection.

Set up an Annual Plan for Taking Care of Your Lawn and Soil: Although we recommend that you do not try to water the foundation for the purpose of filling the gap between the wall and the soil, watering the lawn is something we do recommend. Having a regular and reasonable schedule for watering your lawn may help to keep the gap to a minimum.

Watch for Signs of Foundation Failure: Keep your eye out for additional signs of foundation problems, such as horizontal or stairstep cracks in the foundation walls, sticking windows and doors, uneven floors, and higher-than-usual energy bills. If you see these signs, contact EPP Foundation Repair for a free foundation inspection.

How EPP Can Fix the Problem

We have been helping homeowners in Nebraska with their foundations for decades. If you notice the soil pulling away from your foundation or any other sign of foundation problems, you can count on us to be there to help.

Here are some of the ways we help you and your foundation:

Put Your Mind at Ease: Home problems can keep you up at night and affect your quality of life during the day. With our free foundation inspection and estimate, you will know exactly what is wrong and what can be done to make it right again.

Save You from Additional Problems with Your Foundation: When you ignore a problem, it is only going to get bigger. The last thing you want to do when you have foundation problems is to see them grow. Epp Foundation Repair can fix the issue and save you additional headaches, time, and money.

Do Any Necessary Foundation Repair: Above all, Epp Foundation Repair is your best choice for any foundation repair project. From underpinning to structural crack repair to foundation replacement, we do it all.

The bottom line is, don't ignore a problem when the soil is pulling away from the foundation. It isn't automatically a problem with the foundation itself but it could signal a need to take corrective measures.

At Epp Foundation Repair, we can care for any and all of your foundation needs. Contact us today to take the first step with a free foundation repair and estimate. One of our friendly foundation repair professionals will get back to you quickly.

What Causes Efflorescence on a Concrete Foundation Wall?

Dave Epp — Mon, 06 Nov 2023 00:00:00 GMT

Looking for information about efflorescence on concrete? If so, don't hit that back button because you've landed on the right page. In this article, we'll review efflorescence, what causes it, how to get rid of it, and how to prevent it.

What Is Efflorescence?

Efflorescence refers to the formation of water-soluble salts on the surface of porous materials. It's a phenomenon that occurs when soluble minerals or salts within building materials (such as concrete, brick, or mortar) are brought to the surface by moisture, creating a crystalline deposit that appears as a white powdery substance. Efflorescence is a common problem in buildings that are exposed to water.

The efflorescence process occurs when water carrying soluble salts is transported through the concrete foundation wall via capillary action or water vapor diffusion. When the water evaporates at the material's surface, the salts are left behind, forming a crystalline deposit. The most common salts in efflorescence are calcium carbonate, calcium sulfate, and sodium sulfate.

Efflorescence can damage building materials over time. The crystalline deposits can cause the material to expand, leading to cracking, flaking, and deterioration. It can also be unsightly, detracting from the appearance of buildings and structures.

Primary vs. secondary efflorescence

Primary efflorescence occurs when concrete bleed water rises to the surface and evaporates, leaving behind salts that crystallize on the surface. Primary efflorescence usually occurs within the first few days of the concrete being poured.

Secondary efflorescence occurs after the concrete has cured. It's caused by moisture entering the concrete foundation wall from somewhere else. For example, water penetration through the foundation wall because of poor drainage. The moisture moves through the material and evaporates on the surface, leaving salts behind. Secondary efflorescence can occur at any time after the material has cured.

Efflorescence is not a structural problem

Efflorescence is not a structural problem and does not affect the strength or durability of the concrete foundation wall. However, it can be unsightly and may require cleaning or removal. Additionally, if efflorescence results from water penetration through the foundation wall caused by poor drainage, it may indicate a more serious problem that needs to be addressed to prevent further damage to the foundation.

What Causes Efflorescence On Concrete?

Water causes efflorescence. Specifically, efflorescence occurs when water infiltrates the concrete and evaporates on the surface, leaving salts behind.

The presence of efflorescence on a concrete foundation wall is often a sign of excess moisture in the ground around the foundation, as water is required for its formation. The problem is poor drainage, in other words. If not addressed promptly, poor drainage around a foundation can lead to serious foundation problems.

Can Efflorescence on Concrete Be Removed?

Fortunately, there are various methods to remove efflorescence from concrete surfaces. These include the following:

Use an efflorescence remover: This is a specially formulated solution that dissolves the salts and removes them from the surface of the concrete. These solutions are typically applied by spraying or brushing onto the affected area and can be rinsed off with water after a short period of time.
Pressure washing: You may be able to remove efflorescence via pressurized water. Be sure to dry the concrete after you're done, though.
Scrubbing with a stiff brush: You can also try to brush the efflorescence off using a stiff brush.

How To Prevent Efflorescence

The best way to prevent efflorescence from forming on your concrete foundation walls is to make sure there's no excess moisture either penetrating through the foundation wall or coming into contact with it. Here are some ways to do that:

Ensure good drainage around the foundation: Proper drainage around the foundation will ensure excess moisture in the ground doesn't cause hydrostatic pressure to build up and push against the concrete foundation wall. Hydrostatic pressure can push moisture through cracks in a foundation wall you didn't even know existed. Installing a drain tile system is an excellent way to prevent excess moisture from building in the soil.
Regrade your yard, if necessary: Regrading ensures that water flows away from the foundation, preventing any buildup of moisture that may cause foundation issues.
Install downspout extensions: Downspout extensions are inexpensive and easy to install. They will ensure that runoff gets carried away from the foundation before release.
Clean gutters regularly: Clean gutters regularly to prevent dead leaves and other debris from accumulating, clogging the gutters, and causing water to spill over the side of the house and soak the ground around the foundation.
Keep water-hungry vegetation away from the foundation: Flowers and shrubs might look beautiful next to the house. However, if they need a lot of water, you'll be adding water to the ground around the foundation. This is precisely what you're trying to avoid.
Close basement windows or crawl space vents: Open windows or vents allow warm, humid air to enter and condense on cooler surfaces.
Check for plumbing leaks: These are another source of moisture.

If you're concerned about efflorescence on your concrete foundation wall, contact us today to schedule an inspection. If we find a problem, we'll give you a repair estimate.

What Are Monolithic Slab Foundations?

Dave Epp — Mon, 30 Oct 2023 00:00:00 GMT

What Is a Slab Foundation?

A slab foundation is made by pouring a layer of concrete on top of the ground. Slab foundations are usually around 6 inches thick and contain steel for reinforcement. Slab foundations are popular today in regions where the climate is mild because they cost less than putting in a basement or crawl space. Slab foundations provide good insulation since the thick layer of concrete helps prevent heat gain or loss.

For more information, check out our blog about Slab foundation vs crawl space.

Two Types of Slab Foundations: Monolithic and Stem Wall

There are two types of slab foundations: monolithic and stem wall.

Monolithic Slab Foundations

A monolithic slab foundation is made in one continuous pour, and the edges of the foundation are thicker (12 to 24 inches, depending on the design) and have more steel reinforcement than the center. Homeowners like monolithic slab foundations because they're relatively simple, quick, and cost-effective to construct.

Pros of monolithic slab foundations

Monolithic slab foundations have several pros, including the following:

They're a cost-effective option because they require less material and labor to construct. This makes them popular for homeowners looking for an affordable and reliable foundation.
Monolithic slab foundations are also highly durable and resistant to wear and tear, making them an excellent long-term investment.
They can withstand natural disasters such as earthquakes, making them an excellent choice for seismically active areas.
The concrete also allows for high energy efficiency, as the thick slab retains heat better than other types of foundations. This means homeowners can probably save on heating costs in the long run.
Finally, a monolithic slab foundation requires little to no maintenance, making it a stress-free option for homeowners. It's also easier to install plumbing and electrical systems, as the concrete foundation provides an excellent base for these.

The cons of monolithic slab foundations

While monolithic slab foundations are very popular, they have downsides. These include the following:

One of the most significant negatives is the steep cost of repairs that arise if plumbing or electrical issues surface later on. Since utilities are buried inside the slab, any repairs can demand breaking up the slab. Putting things back together again after the repair is complete can be an expensive hassle.
Monolithic slab foundations are suitable for smaller structures only. Larger buildings need more extensive foundations to provide the necessary support and stability. A monolithic slab foundation won't cut it in such cases, leading to potential structural problems.
Because monolithic slab foundations sit close to the ground, they may not prevent water intrusion.
Monolithic slab foundations are also vulnerable to cracking when situated on expansive soil. Similarly, frost heave in cold climates can cause the ground to contract and expand, creating stress on the slab, which can cause it to crack. This is why slab foundations are not common in colder regions.

Stem Wall Foundations

A stem wall foundation is a reinforced concrete wall placed on top of a concrete footing. The wall extends above ground level and serves as a structural support for the building's walls. The area under the wall is filled with compacted soil.

Stem wall foundations are particularly useful in areas with high water tables or flood-prone regions because the walls help to keep water out of the building. Stem walls can also create a crawl space beneath the building that can be used for storage or additional access to utilities.

Are Monolithic Slab Foundations Better Than Stem Wall Foundations?

Several factors come into play when it comes to the choice between monolithic slab and stem wall foundations. While both types of foundations serve the same purpose of forming the base of a building, they differ in their construction and properties.

A monolithic slab foundation is a single, solid layer of concrete poured in one go and allowed to cure. In contrast, a stem wall foundation comprises a concrete base and raised walls, typically made of concrete blocks or poured concrete. The stem wall supports the weight of the building and spreads it over a larger area.

One advantage of a monolithic slab foundation is its simplicity and cost-effectiveness. Since there are no foundation walls to build, construction is typically faster and requires fewer materials and labor. Moreover, a monolithic slab foundation can provide a continuous, level surface for the entire building, making it ideal for structures with large, open floor plans.

However, monolithic slab foundations have some drawbacks, as noted above. They may be more susceptible to shifting and settling over time since they lack the raised walls of a stem wall foundation. This can cause cracks in the concrete, compromising the foundation's integrity and potentially leading to structural problems.

On the other hand, stem wall foundations provide greater stability and protection against shifting or settling. The raised walls of the foundation also provide a waterproof barrier, helping to prevent moisture from seeping into the building's interior.

Ultimately, the choice between monolithic slab and stem wall foundations will depend on several factors, including the size and complexity of the building, the cost of construction, and the geological conditions of the building site. In other words, a monolithic slab foundation might be better than a stem wall foundation in some conditions but not others. It's all about the best foundation for your needs.

Foundation Repair Options for Monolithic Slab Foundations

Monolithic slab foundations, like all foundations, can settle into the ground unevenly. This is referred to as differential settlement. Differential settlement places a lot of stress on a foundation and, if it isn't repaired, can cause severe structural damage.

Fortunately, there are ways to repair differential settlement. The most common repair solution is underpinning using push, helical, or slab piers. The piers are installed beneath the foundation to support and stabilize it.

The installation process for push and helical piers involves excavating a small area around the foundation, attaching steel brackets to the footing, and driving the piers into deeper, more stable soil. Once installed, the piers transfer the weight of the foundation to a more stable soil layer, preventing further settlement.

For more detailed information about foundation underpinning, see What is Underpinning?

If you're concerned your home might have a foundation problem, contact us today to schedule an inspection and receive a Customized Repair Estimate. We serve areas in four states: Nebraska, Iowa, Kansas, and Missouri.

Repair Options For Spalling Concrete

Dave Epp — Fri, 27 Oct 2023 00:00:00 GMT

Looking for information about spalling concrete? If so, you've landed on the right page because that's what this article is about. We'll review concrete spalling, what causes it, how it's repaired, and how to prevent it.

What Is Spalling Concrete?

Concrete spalling is a condition involving the degradation of concrete surfaces. It's characterized by the disintegration of the surface layer of concrete, resulting in the formation of pits, flakes, and cracks. Concrete spalling can lead to significant damage, compromising the structural integrity of anything built using concrete.

Why Does Concrete Spall?

Concrete spalls for various reasons, including the following:

Freeze-thaw cycle: When water enters concrete and then freezes, it expands, putting pressure on the surrounding concrete. As the ice thaws, the pressure is released. Over time, this can lead to cracking and spalling. This process can be exacerbated when deicing salts are used, as they lower the freezing point of water and increase the frequency of freeze-thaw cycles.
Corroded rebar: Exposure to moisture and air can cause rebar to corrode and expand, weakening the surrounding concrete and leading to spalling. This problem is exacerbated in coastal areas with salt air.
Low-quality or improperly mixed concrete: Concrete consists of cement, water, sand, and aggregate, and if the composition ratios are improper, the concrete surface may be vulnerable to spalling. For instance, if the concrete mix has a low water-to-cement ratio, the concrete surface may become too dry and brittle, causing it to crack and chip under stress.
Poor workmanship: Problems related to curing and finishing can also lead to spalling.

Left alone, concrete spalling can progress into structural damage on buildings, bridges, roads, and other infrastructure.

How Is Spalling Concrete Repaired?

The following are the most common repair options you will come across for spalling concrete. Of the four, concrete replacement is the one Epp performs; we do not apply overlays or resurfacing products.

Concrete overlays

Concrete overlays involve the application of a thin layer of new concrete over the existing damaged concrete surface. This method can be relatively cost-effective and quick, but it only provides a temporary solution. Over time, the spalling will start again, and the repair process will need to be repeated.

Topical sealers

Topical sealers work by forming a surface film that protects the concrete surface from moisture and other damaging elements. However, topical sealers don't penetrate deeply into the concrete. Therefore, they won't stop the spalling process.

Penetrating sealers

Penetrating sealers are designed to penetrate deep into the concrete. While penetrating sealers can slow down the spalling process, they aren't a permanent solution.

Concrete replacement

Concrete replacement is the best option for repairing spalled concrete and ensuring a long-lasting repair. This involves removing the damaged concrete and pouring fresh concrete in its place.

For more information about repairing concrete, see What Is Concrete Leveling?

How to Prevent Concrete Spalling?

The good news is there are things you can do to help prevent concrete spalling. These include the following:

Use the right concrete mix: The quality of the concrete mix is crucial to its durability. A mix with the right amount of water, cement, and other materials is less prone to spalling.
Cure the concrete properly: Curing is the process of keeping the concrete moist and at a specified temperature for a given time to ensure it achieves its maximum strength. Proper curing can enhance the concrete's resistance to spalling.
Protect the concrete from moisture: As noted above, moisture is a significant factor in concrete spalling. Make sure to seal the surface of the concrete with appropriate coatings that prevent water infiltration.
Good maintenance: Regular maintenance will ensure the concrete remains intact over time. Any cracks or spalling should be repaired promptly to prevent further damage.
Avoid deicing salts: Deicing salts can be corrosive to concrete, exacerbating spalling. If you must use them, use them sparingly.

If you're concerned about spalling concrete on your property, contact us today to schedule an inspection and receive a repair estimate. We serve areas in four states: Nebraska, Iowa, Kansas, and Missouri.

Ejector Pump vs. Sump Pump: What's the Difference?

Dave Epp — Wed, 18 Oct 2023 00:00:00 GMT

Wondering what's the difference between an ejector pump vs. a sump pump? If so, you've landed on the right page because that's what we're going to review in this article. We'll review the difference between ejector pumps and sump pumps, how they work, help you determine which one you need, and more.

What's the Difference Between a Sump Pump and an Ejector Pump

What is a Sump Pump?

A sump pump is a device installed in a home's basement or crawlspace to prevent flooding and water damage. Sump pumps are typically powered by electricity but can also be battery-operated for use during power outages. Sump pumps come in various sizes and capacities, depending on the size of the area they're intended to protect and the expected level of water flow. They can be installed in various configurations, such as a standalone unit or a larger system with multiple pumps and backup power sources. Some models have additional features, such as alarms or sensors that alert homeowners to potential issues.

There are two types of sump pumps: pedestal and submersible. Pedestal sump pumps consist of a motor that sits above the sump basin and a long metal tube extending into the basin to pump out water. In contrast, submersible sump pumps are entirely submerged in the sump basin and push water out through a discharge pipe. Submersible pumps tend to be more efficient and quieter than pedestal pumps.

In addition to preventing flooding and water damage, sump pumps can also help to reduce the risk of mold growth and other moisture-related issues that can impact indoor air quality and overall health. Many homeowners and building owners install sump pumps as a preventative measure, particularly in areas prone to heavy rainfall or flooding.

For more information, see our guide to proper foundation drainage.

What is an Ejector Pump?

An ejector pump, also known as a sewage ejector pump, is designed to transport sewage or wastewater from a building's lower plumbing system up to a septic or sewer system. This type of pump is essential when the building's plumbing fixtures are located below the main sewage line or septic tank level. Ejector pumps utilize the Venturi principle, which involves using a nozzle that converts the water flow into a high-pressure stream. This stream creates a vacuum that draws in the sewage from the inlet pipe and pumps it up to the higher-level sewer line or septic tank. Ejector pumps typically have a separate tank that collects the sewage and automatically activates the pump when the level of the wastewater reaches a certain height.

How Do Sump Pumps Work?

Sump pumps remove water that accumulates in a sump basin or pit. A sump basin is a small pit located in the basement of a building or home, which collects groundwater. Sump pumps are typically powered by electricity and are equipped with an automatic switch that turns on the pump when the water level in the sump basin reaches a certain point. The pump then sucks water through its intake valve, and a motor-driven impeller forces the water out through a discharge pipe and away from the building.

It's essential to ensure that your sump pump is properly maintained to ensure that it continues to work efficiently. Regular maintenance should include checking the intake valve and discharge pipe for blockages, testing the automatic switch, and replacing worn or damaged parts. We strongly recommend a backup power source such as a battery backup or generator in case of power outages.

How Do Ejector Pumps Work?

Ejector pumps, also known as jet pumps, are hydraulic devices designed to move fluids, such as water, sewage, or slurries, from one location to another. They're commonly used in residential, commercial, and industrial settings to pump wastewater, effluent, or other liquids from lower to higher elevations, where gravity drainage is not possible or feasible.

Ejector pumps operate on the principle of fluid dynamics, utilizing the Venturi effect to create suction and draw water or other fluids into the pump. The pump consists of a nozzle or jet assembly connected to a suction pipe or well point. The nozzle directs a high-speed jet of water or fluid at the throat of the venturi diffuser, where a constriction occurs, causing the velocity of the fluid to increase and the pressure to decrease.

This pressure difference between the suction piping and the venturi diffuser creates a vacuum that draws the fluid from the source into the pump. The fluid is then mixed with the high-speed jet of water in the venturi, which imparts kinetic energy to the mixture, increasing its velocity and pressure. The resulting high-velocity fluid stream is then discharged through the pump's discharge outlet or pipe, creating a hydraulic lift or force that moves the fluid to its desired destination.

Ejector pumps are versatile and durable and can handle a wide range of applications, including sewage transfer, groundwater dewatering, irrigation, and water supply. They're often used in remote or rural areas where access to electricity is limited or unavailable, as they can be powered by gas engines, diesel engines, or manual pumps.

Ejector Pump vs. a Sump Pump: Which Do I Need?

I'm trying to pump out sewage or wastewater

If you're dealing with sewage or wastewater, an ejector pump is the way to go. An ejector pump is typically used when a bathroom or laundry room is located below the sewer line, making it difficult for waste to flow upwards and out of the home. In this case, an ejector pump is placed in a pit below the sewer line to lift the waste and pump it up to the level of the sewer line. Ejector pumps can handle solid waste and are usually larger and more powerful than sump pumps.

I'm trying to pump out water so my basement or crawl space doesn't flood

On the other hand, a sump pump is generally used to remove excess water from a basement or crawl space to prevent flooding. A sump pump is placed in a pit (or a sump basin) and automatically turns on when water reaches a certain level. Sump pumps are not designed to handle solid waste and are typically smaller and less powerful than ejector pumps.

Can an Ejector Pump Be Used as a Sump Pump?

While there are some similarities between ejector pumps and sump pumps, namely that they are both used to remove water, there are also significant differences. As noted above, ejector pumps are designed to handle waste and sewage, while sump pumps are designed to handle clean water.

Moreover, ejector pumps have different design specifications and requirements, including the need for vents, whereas sump pumps have a simpler design with fewer requirements.

Therefore, while it may be possible to use an ejector pump as a sump pump, we don't recommend it due to the differences in their design specifications and requirements. It's always best to use the appropriate pump for its intended purpose to ensure optimal performance and avoid any potential damage or malfunctions.

Routine Maintenance for Ejector Pumps and Sump Pumps

To keep these pumps in top condition, regular maintenance is necessary. This includes removing debris or blockages from the pump, checking the pump's motor and impeller for wear and tear, and testing the pump's electrical connections to ensure they're secure and functioning correctly.

It's also essential to check the pump's float switch to ensure it's functioning correctly and that the pump is activating and deactivating at the appropriate water level. Regular testing of the backup power supply and alarm system is also necessary to ensure the pump will continue functioning during a power outage or other emergency.

If you're concerned about keeping water out of your basement or crawl space, contact us today to schedule an evaluation. We serve areas in four states: Nebraska, Iowa, Kansas, and Missouri.

Should You Worry About Hairline Cracks In Walls?

Dave Epp — Wed, 27 Sep 2023 00:00:00 GMT

Looking for information about hairline cracks in walls? If so, don't hit that back button because you've landed on the right page. In this article, we're going to review the causes of wall cracks in general, what causes hairline cracks in walls, structural vs. non-structural cracks, and more.

Structural Vs. Non-Structural Wall Cracks

Not all wall cracks are the same. There are structural wall cracks and non-structural wall cracks.

Structural wall cracks

Structural cracks are those that affect a building's structural integrity. Signs a wall crack might be structural include the following:

Wider than 1/10th of an inch
Wider at one end
Getting bigger
Stair step cracks in brick or masonry
Horizontal, with or without bowing
Many vertical cracks next to each other
Diagonal from the corners of windows and doors
A crack that goes across the ceiling and down the wall

Structural cracks require immediate attention. Repair methods for structural wall cracks usually involve injecting epoxy resins, carbon fiber reinforcement, or steel plates.

Non-structural hairline wall cracks

Non-structural hairline wall cracks are usually cosmetic and do not affect the building's structural integrity. They are generally narrower than 1/10th of an inch (i.e, hairline) and often appear vertically.

For more information, see Structural or Non-Structural? Understanding Foundation Cracks.

What Causes Wall Cracks?

Causes of structural wall cracks

Most structural wall cracks are caused by differential settlement. Differential settlement happens when a foundation settles into the ground unevenly. It places immense stress on a foundation, leading to structural damage that manifests as wall cracks, uneven floors, and other issues. Differential settlement is caused by various things, including improper soil preparation, expansive soil, and natural disasters.

Causes non-structural hairline cracks in walls

Various things, including the following, can cause non-structural hairline wall cracks:

Shrinkage during the concrete curing process, Hairline cracks in a poured concrete foundation wall can happen during the concrete curing process.
Temperature fluctuations, Temperature fluctuations can cause walls to expand or contract, leading to cracks in paint or plaster. This is because the different materials used to construct buildings have varying thermal expansion rates.
Humidity changes, When the air inside a room is moist, and the air outside is dry, the moisture in the wall can evaporate, leading to contraction and hairline cracks.
Moisture, Poor drainage around a foundation can result in moisture penetrating the concrete. When water evaporates from concrete, it leaves behind salt deposits that may interfere with the adhesion of paint or wall finishes. This could cause cracks to form.
Bad drywall installation, Sometimes, the drywall installer doesn't use enough drywall mud. This can eventually cause the drywall tape to come loose, creating a crack.
Wet drywall, A plumbing leak or leaking window can cause water damage to drywall, resulting in hairline cracks in walls.
New construction, After a home is built, the foundation will settle very slightly into the ground. Sometimes, this can cause hairline wall cracks.

While non-structural hairline cracks in walls aren't usually anything to be concerned about, there's always the chance that you're seeing the early stages of a structural crack. (If the crack gets bigger, it's almost certainly structural.) Therefore, any time you see a wall crack, no matter the size, you should contact a foundation repair contractor and ask for an inspection.

If the crack turns out to be structural, an inspection identifies what is driving the movement and what the repair involves. We'll talk more about this in the next section.

Repairing Non-Structural Hairline Wall Cracks

A non-structural foundation wall crack can be sealed using epoxy crack injection, a cost-effective solution that involves filling the crack with an epoxy adhesive. After the crack is thoroughly cleaned of any loose debris, the epoxy mixture is injected into the crack and then allowed to dry and cure. Once the epoxy has dried, any excess can be scraped off, and the surface sanded smooth for a clean finish.

When To Worry About A Wall Crack

You should be vigilant when it comes to wall cracks, regardless of their size. While small wall cracks may appear harmless, they can indicate a severe foundation problem. Unless you're sure the hairline wall crack is non-structural, you should err on the side of caution, contact a foundation repair professional, and ask for an evaluation.

If you're worried about hairline cracks in the walls of your home, contact us today to schedule a foundation evaluation. We'll be able to tell you if the wall crack is structural or non-structural and give you a repair estimate. We serve areas in four states: Nebraska, Iowa, Kansas, and Missouri. The top cities we serve are Lincoln, Omaha, Grand Island, Kearney, Norfolk, and many more; contact us today for a free estimate.

How To Winterize Sump Pump Discharge

Dave Epp — Fri, 15 Sep 2023 00:00:00 GMT

Wondering how to winterize sump pump discharge? If so, you've landed on the right page because that's what we're going to talk about in this article. We'll review why you don't want a frozen sump pump hose, how to stop your sump pump hose from freezing, and more.

What Is A Sump Pump?

A sump pump is a mechanical device used to prevent water damage to a foundation. It's typically installed in a sump pit, a small basin located in the basement or the crawl space. A sump pump is designed to remove water from this pit and pump it away from the foundation.

How Does A Sump Pump Work?

The mechanism behind a sump pump is relatively straightforward. When water enters the sump pit, a float or pressure switch is triggered, signaling the pump to turn on. The water is sucked up through a pipe and discharged away from the foundation. Depending on the size and capacity of the sump pump, it can remove thousands of gallons of water per hour.

Sump pumps are helpful in areas prone to heavy rainfall or flooding, as they efficiently and effectively manage excess water. They can also be installed in properties with a high water table or poor drainage systems.

Two Types Of Sump Pumps

There are two main types of sump pumps: submersible and pedestal.

Submersible sump pumps are designed to be placed directly in the sump pit and are more commonly used in residential properties.

Pedestal sump pumps, on the other hand, are mounted above the pit and are typically used in commercial and industrial settings.

Why You Don't Want A Frozen Sump Pump Hose

Whether you live in an area with a high water table, frequent rainfall, or near a body of water, a sump pump is essential for a dry and comfortable home. However, one problem might affect your sump pump's efficiency and leave you with a wet basement: a frozen sump pump hose.

During cold winter months, water in the sump pump hose can freeze and clog the discharge line. This can cause a backup in the system, leading to a possible sump pump failure and potential flooding in the basement. The best way to avoid this problem is by ensuring the hose is adequately insulated, heated, or buried below the frost line. Additionally, having a professional install your sump pump system is crucial since they can provide expert advice and solutions to prevent freezing and other issues.

In addition to potential flooding, a frozen sump pump hose can lead to other problems. It can cause the motor to overwork, leading to a shorter lifespan for your sump pump and higher energy bills. Moreover, if your sump pump runs continuously due to a frozen hose, it can increase wear and tear on the system, leading to costly repairs or replacement.

Taking care of your sump pump system is essential to ensure longevity and efficiency. Checking the sump pump hose for clogs, checking the battery backup, and replacing the primary sump pump every 7 to 10 years can help prevent issues and keep your home dry. Investing in a sump pump alarm can also notify you of potential problems, giving you time to address them before they become costly and irreversible.

How To Winterize A Sump Pump Discharge Line

During the colder months, the water expelled by the sump pump can freeze inside the discharge line, making it difficult or impossible for the pump to do its job. A frozen discharge line can also cause the sump pump to work harder than necessary, increasing energy consumption and leading to higher bills.

Fortunately, a few steps can help prevent the discharge pipe from freezing and keep your sump pump running smoothly all winter. Here are some tips on how to stop your sump pump hose from freezing:

Adjust the discharge angle, The hose should be sloped downward gradually away from the sump pump outlet, and there should be no loops or dips in the hose. A well-graded hose ensures proper drainage, and water will not accumulate and freeze, causing blockages or expansion and contraction of the hose.
Wrap the pipe in heat tape, Another effective way to prevent freezing is to wrap heat tape around the discharge pipe. This will help to keep the water inside the hose warm and prevent it from freezing. Heat tape is affordable and easy to install, and it can be a lifesaver when it comes to keeping your sump pump running smoothly.
Insulate the hose, Adding insulation to the discharge pipe can also help to prevent freezing. This can be achieved by wrapping the hose in foam insulation or using pipe sleeves. Insulation will help to keep the water inside the hose warm and prevent it from freezing.
Keep the hose clean, It's essential to ensure the discharge hose is free from debris and other obstructions that can cause blockages. A clean hose will allow water to flow freely and reduce the chances of freezing.
Install a battery backup, A battery backup can prevent a sump pump hose from freezing by providing a constant power supply to the sump pump, even during power outages. During the winter months, power outages are not uncommon, and when this happens, the sump pump may stop working, exposing the hose to freezing temperatures. However, with a battery backup, the sump pump will continue to operate regardless of power supply interruption, preventing the hose from freezing.

By following these simple steps, you can prevent your sump pump hose from freezing and ensure that your sump pump is working efficiently all year round.

How To Know If Your Sump Pump Is Frozen

Note: The only way a sump pump will actually freeze is if the pump itself is located outside the house. No sump pump inside a basement is going to freeze. However, the discharge lines outside the house could freeze.

Common signs of a frozen sump pump include the following:

No water drainage, One of the most apparent signs of a frozen sump pump is a complete lack of water drainage. If the pump fails to remove water from the sump pit after heavy precipitation, it could be due to it being frozen. Additionally, if the discharge pipe is covered with snow or ice, it may indicate a blockage preventing water flow. In this case, it's advisable to carefully check the discharge line and remove any ice or snow buildup.
The pump is making strange noises, Another indication of a frozen sump pump is loud or unusual sounds emanating from the motor. If the pump is working but making strange noises, it could be due to ice buildup in the motor and impeller. Thus, turning off the pump and disconnecting it from the power source is vital. Afterward, waiting for the ice to melt before restarting it is advisable.
Ice buildup, Another way to tell if your sump pump is frozen is to check if the pump's exterior is covered in ice or moisture residue. If you notice ice buildup on the motor, switch, or power cord, it could indicate the pump is frozen, which may cause the unit to short circuit or damage the pump components.

Sump Pump Winter Maintenance

With the arrival of winter, homeowners need to ensure their sump pump is functioning correctly.

Test the sump pump to make sure it's functioning properly

Pour some water into the sump pit to activate the pump and ensure it discharges water away from the house.

Clean the sump pump

Cleaning your sump pump helps prevent any debris or dirt from clogging and damaging the pump. If there's dirt or debris in the pump, it can cause the float switch to malfunction, leading to failure.

Check the discharge line

Another essential aspect of sump pump winter maintenance is checking the discharge line. The line can freeze during winter, causing water to back up into the sump pump, leading to flooding. To prevent this, ensure the discharge line is sloped away from the house and not obstructed by debris.

Insulate the discharge line

Insulating the discharge line will prevent it from freezing.

Have a battery backup system

It's critical to have redundancy in a sump pump system. This means having a battery backup system in case of a power outage.

Install a high-water alarm

A high-water alarm will alert you before the sump pit overflows.

If you're concerned about winterizing your sump pump, contact us today to schedule an evaluation. We serve areas in four states: Nebraska, Iowa, Kansas, and Missouri.

What Are Concrete Footings?

Dave Epp — Wed, 06 Sep 2023 00:00:00 GMT

Searching for information about concrete footings? If so, don't hit that back button because you've landed on the right page. In this article, we're going to review what concrete footings are, how they differ from foundations, how concrete footings are built, and more.

What Are Concrete Footings?

A concrete footing is a structural element that supports the building's foundation. The footing distributes the building's weight uniformly. This helps prevent the structure from settling into the ground. Footings are typically made from concrete, reinforced with rebar, and installed into a trench excavated to a specific depth. The depth of the footing varies based on factors such as the weight of the building, the type of soil present, whether or not your area is subject to frost depth, and the likelihood of seismic activity.

In addition to providing structural support, concrete footings also help to prevent damage from ground movement, such as earthquakes or settling over time. They also help to prevent moisture and water from seeping into the foundation and causing damage or deterioration.

Proper design and installation of footings is essential to the overall safety and stability of the structure, and failure to properly construct and maintain them can result in structural damage and instability.

Footings vs. Foundations: What's The Difference?

The footing and foundation are both crucial in supporting a structure and are fundamental elements of any construction project. However, the footing and foundation differ in many aspects, such as their design, function, material, size, and placement.

The footing is placed beneath the foundation. The footing's job is to evenly distribute the building's weight across the ground. It acts as a buffer between the foundation and the ground, preventing structural damage caused by ground movement. The footing is usually wider than the foundation walls.

The foundation sits on top of the footing and supports the building. Foundations can be shallow or deep depending on various factors, including the soil type and the structure's weight. Shallow foundations are suitable for small to medium-sized buildings, while deep foundations are used for tall structures.

Constructing Concrete Footings: Factors To Be Considered

Several things can impact the strength and stability of a footing. These include the following:

Soil type: Soil type is an essential factor that needs consideration when building a footing. The soil's bearing capacity can vary depending on its composition, density, and moisture content. The soil type can range from hard and rocky to soft and sandy, and each type requires a different footing design. For instance, if the soil is loose and sandy, then a footing design that is wider and deeper would be needed to ensure stability.
Building load: Another crucial factor that needs consideration when building a footing is the building load. The footing must support the weight of the building and any additional weight it may bear, such as furniture and people. Consequently, the footing must be designed and constructed to withstand the weight it is required to bear.
Soil moisture content: If the soil is too dry or too wet, it can impact the soil's bearing capacity and cause the footing to become unstable. The moisture content of the soil can vary depending on the climate, which brings us to another critical consideration.
Climate: Climate is a significant factor that impacts footing construction. For example, climate conditions such as severe weather, rain, or frost can affect the ground's stability and ultimately impact the footing's strength. Thus, it is necessary to consider the location, climate, and weather patterns when designing and building a concrete footing.

How Homeowners Can Help Prevent Foundation Problems

Things can go wrong even when a footing and structure are built correctly. Believe it or not, water is the most common cause of foundation trouble. When there's either too much or not enough water in the ground under a foundation, problems can result. By taking steps to control groundwater around your home, you can help prevent foundation trouble and ensure the long-term stability of your property. Here are some ways to do that:

Clean your gutters regularly: One of the simplest ways to control groundwater is by cleaning your gutters regularly. Over time, leaves, twigs, and other debris can accumulate in your gutters, causing water to overflow and pool around your foundation. You can ensure that rainwater is properly channeled away from your home by cleaning your gutters at least twice a year (more often if you live in a wooded area).
Install downspout extensions: Another effective strategy is to install downspout extensions. These devices attach to your existing downspouts and direct water further away from your home, helping to prevent moisture buildup in your yard. Be sure to choose high-quality extensions that are correctly sized and installed to ensure maximum effectiveness.
Regrade the yard around the foundation: Regrading the yard around your foundation can also help control groundwater. If your yard slopes toward your home, rainwater and other moisture can flow downhill and accumulate around the foundation. You can redirect water and prevent excess moisture buildup by regrading the landscape to slope away from your home.
Install a drain tile system: Finally, consider installing a drain tile system to help control groundwater around your home. This highly effective foundation waterproofing system is installed underground around the perimeter of your home and helps channel water away from your foundation. A drain tile system is an effective long-term solution for preventing foundation damage and can improve your property's overall health and stability. For more information, see What Is Drain Tile?

If you think your foundation might have a problem, contact us today to schedule a foundation inspection. If we find a problem, we'll give you a repair estimate. We serve areas in four states: Nebraska, Iowa, Kansas, and Missouri.

Stem Wall Foundations 101

Dave Epp — Wed, 30 Aug 2023 00:00:00 GMT

If you're wondering what a stem wall foundation is, you've landed on the right page. In this short article, we're going to go over stem wall foundations, how they're built, how to prevent problems with them, and more.

What's A Stem Wall Foundation?

A stem wall foundation is commonly used to build residential and commercial structures. The foundation consists of a concrete stem, or wall, that sits on top of the footing and supports the weight of the building. The purpose of the stem wall is to raise the building off the ground to protect against flooding, pests, and moisture damage.

The stem wall is usually made of reinforced concrete and is poured on top of the concrete footing. The stem wall is usually reinforced with steel bars or mesh to increase its strength and durability.

Stem wall foundations are a popular choice for construction because they require less excavation and are easier to install than other types of foundations. They can also be used in various soil conditions and adapted to different building designs. Additionally, stem wall foundations have the added benefit of providing additional space for insulation and ventilation, which can help to improve energy efficiency and indoor air quality.

Is A Crawl Space Foundation The Same As A Stem Wall Foundation?

A crawl space foundation and a stem wall foundation are two different foundation systems commonly used in construction. While they both serve the purpose of providing structural support for the building, they differ in terms of design and function.

Crawl space foundation

A crawl space foundation is typically constructed with a shallow excavation that creates a space beneath the building's main floor. This space is typically around two to three feet tall and provides access to plumbing, electrical, and other utilities beneath the building. The foundation walls are usually made of concrete blocks or poured concrete and can be reinforced with steel.

Stem wall foundation

A stem wall foundation consists of a concrete slab supported by continuous walls, or stems, that extend from the footing to the slab level. The walls can be made of concrete blocks, poured concrete, or precast concrete panels and are reinforced with steel.

While both foundation types offer stability and durability, a crawl space foundation is often more affordable and easier to construct than a stem wall foundation. However, a stem wall foundation is often preferred in areas with high water tables or expansive soil conditions, providing better protection against moisture and movement.

Building A Stem Wall Foundation

The first step is preparing the site by removing all vegetation, debris, and organic matter to ensure a stable and even base. The soil must then be compacted with a heavy roller or a compaction machine to increase its density and prevent future settling.

Once the site is ready, the next step is to pour the concrete footing. This footing serves as the base of the stem wall and is usually 8-12 inches wide and 8-36 inches deep, depending on the size and weight of the building.

Once the footing has hardened, the concrete stem wall can be constructed on top of it. The stem wall is usually six to twelve inches thick and extends one to four feet above the ground.

Preventing Problems With A Stem Wall Foundation

Homeowners can take several steps to prevent problems with a stem wall foundation, including:

Regular maintenance, Regular inspection and maintenance of the foundation can help identify any issues at an early stage. Ensure there are no cracks or other visible damage to the foundation that could compromise its strength.
Drainage, Proper drainage is a key component in preventing foundation damage. Ensure the gutters and downspouts are regularly cleaned and free of debris. Install downspout extensions to divert water away from the foundation before release.
Re-grade your yard, if necessary, It's also important to grade the soil around the foundation so it slopes away from the house. This prevents groundwater from draining toward the foundation.
Landscaping, Homeowners should avoid planting trees or shrubs too close to the foundation, as their roots can penetrate and damage the foundation walls. Trees should be planted at least 15 feet away from the foundation's perimeter.
Avoid water accumulation, Avoid allowing water to accumulate around the foundation, as this can cause substantial damage. During rain or snowmelt, ensure that the water is diverted away from the foundation using various measures, such as trenches, drainage systems, or French drains.
Seek professional help, If there is a significant crack or other damage to the foundation, it's essential to seek help from a professional contractor with expertise in foundation repair. The earlier the problem is detected, the less costly it will be to fix.

For more information, see The Importance Of Proper Foundation Drainage Around Your Home.

By following these tips, homeowners can help prevent problems with their stem wall foundation and protect the structural integrity of their homes.

If you think your home might have a foundation problem, contact us today to schedule a foundation evaluation. If we find a problem, we'll give you a repair estimate. We serve areas in four states: Nebraska, Iowa, Kansas, and Missouri.

What Are Helical Tiebacks And How Are They Used?

Dave Epp — Fri, 25 Aug 2023 00:00:00 GMT

Looking for information about helical tiebacks? In this article, we are going to cover helical tiebacks, what they are used for, how they differ from wall anchors, and how they are installed.

What Are Helical Tieback Anchors?

Helical tieback anchors are essentially helical piers that provide lateral support to existing structures.

The helical tieback anchor system consists of a helical pier and a load-transfer bracket that connects the pier to the structure it is intended to support. The helical pier and the load-transfer bracket are made of high-grade steel that has been heat-treated for maximum strength and durability.

Helical tieback anchors offer immediate wall stabilization without having to excavate the soil around the foundation because they are installed from inside the basement. However, helical tiebacks are difficult to install. This is their main drawback.

Where Are Helical Tiebacks Used?

Helical tiebacks are one solution for bowed or cracked basement walls experiencing lateral pressure. They can be installed from inside the basement without excavation, but it is not a quick job and the installation is difficult. This is why we almost always use I-beams, wall plate anchors, or carbon fiber straps to stabilize a bowing or cracked basement wall.

Helical tiebacks are also used to anchor retaining walls. The tiebacks resist the lateral forces exerted against the wall by soil and water.

How Do Helical Tiebacks Differ From Wall Plate Anchors?

Helical tiebacks and wall plate anchors are two different methods to support and stabilize bowed or cracked basement walls.

Helical Tiebacks

Helical tiebacks, also known as screw anchors, are helical piers drilled deep into the soil behind a wall at an angle and then screwed into place. Helical tiebacks are designed to provide lateral support to the wall by transferring the weight and loads from the wall to the soil. They are used for repairing bowing or leaning walls and can be used in various soil conditions.

Wall Plate Anchors

Wall plate anchors also resist forces that could cause the wall to bow inward and crack, such as hydrostatic pressure and frost heave. A wall plate anchor system is an anchor buried in the ground outside the foundation wall that is attached to steel plates on the inside of the basement wall using steel rods or cables.

To install the anchors, the ground around the foundation needs to be dug up so they can be buried in the yard. The anchor is then connected to the steel rod or cable that goes through the wall and attaches to the steel plate on the inside of the basement wall. Once the system is in place, the anchor can be tightened, stabilizing the wall and helping to prevent further movement.

How Are Helical Tiebacks Installed?

The general procedure for installing helical tiebacks is as follows.

First, holes (10 to 12 inches in diameter, minimum) are drilled through the wall at a slight downward angle. These holes should be spaced evenly along the length of the wall where the tiebacks will be installed.
Next, the helical piers (the tiebacks) are screwed into each hole while a hydraulic torque motor rotates them. The helical piers are designed to grip the soil on the other side of the wall, creating a secure anchor point.

During installation, it is essential to carefully monitor the torque applied to the helical piers. This ensures they are being installed at the correct depth and with the appropriate level of tension, which is necessary for effective wall reinforcement.

How To Prevent Bowed, Cracked Basement Walls

Helical tiebacks are one solution for stabilizing a bowed or cracked basement wall, though not our preferred one. Avoiding the problem in the first place is even better. Bowed or cracked basement walls compromise the home's foundation and the safety of anyone living in the house. To prevent these problems from occurring, you will need to control groundwater around the foundation. This can be achieved by taking a few simple yet effective measures.

Homeowners should prioritize cleaning their gutters regularly. This ensures water is directed away from the foundation and does not accumulate around the basement walls. Overflowing gutters can result in water seeping into the foundation and causing structural damage.
Installing downspout extensions can also help prevent basement wall damage by directing water away from the house before release.
Re-grading the yard is another preventative measure that can be taken if necessary. If the yard slopes toward the house, water can accumulate around the foundation and cause trouble. Re-grading the yard so that it slopes away from the house will allow water to drain away from the foundation.
Finally, installing a drain tile system is one of the best foundation waterproofing methods available today. This system involves installing a perforated pipe around the foundation, which is then covered with gravel. The pipe redirects water away from the foundation and toward a sump pit. When the pit fills with water, a sump pump turns on and ejects the water a safe distance from the foundation. This system is highly effective in preventing basement wall damage, as it ensures that any water accumulated around the foundation is quickly and efficiently removed. For more information, see Basement Drain Systems: The Secret To A Dry Basement.

If you have a bowed or cracked basement wall, or a retaining wall, that might need stabilization and reinforcement, contact us today to schedule an evaluation. We serve areas in Nebraska, Iowa, Kansas, and Missouri.

Sump Pumps

Dave Epp — Sat, 19 Aug 2023 00:00:00 GMT

What is a Sump Pump?

A sump pump is a mechanical device that removes accumulated water from a sump pit in a basement or crawl space. The sump pit is located below ground level and collects groundwater channeled to it from a drain tile system. When the water level in the sump pit rises to a certain height, the sump pump automatically switches on and ejects the water away from the foundation.

Sump pumps are essential for homes in areas prone to flooding or high rainfall. They protect the foundation from water damage and prevent potential health hazards caused by mold and mildew.

Types of Sump Pump

Various types of sump pumps are available today, each with unique features and functionalities.

Submersible sump pumps are the most commonly used type of sump pump. They're designed to be placed inside a sump pit, where they can operate quietly and efficiently. Submersible sump pumps can handle large volumes of water and are ideal for clearing out flooded areas quickly.

Pedestal sump pumps are another type of sump pump. As their name suggests, these pumps are placed on a pedestal. Pedestal sump pumps are generally less expensive than submersible pumps.

A battery backup is an essential addition to any sump pump system. It's designed to provide power to the sump pump during a power outage. A battery backup ensures your sump pump can continuously pump water out of your basement, even during an emergency.

Epp Foundation Repair offers several sump pump systems so you can decide which one fits you and your home's individual needs.

How Does a Sump Pump Work?

When activated, the sump pump draws water through a pipe and ejects it from the house, away from the foundation. Most pumps are equipped with a check valve, which prevents the water from flowing back into the sump pit after it has been pumped out.

Sump pumps are typically powered by electricity. However, as noted above, it's a good idea to have a battery backup system ready in case of a power failure. Some sump pumps also include a built-in alarm system to alert homeowners in the event of a malfunction.

It's important for homeowners to regularly test their sump pump to ensure that it's functioning correctly. Sump pumps should also be serviced by a professional regularly to prevent potential problems and ensure optimal performance.

Epp Foundation Repair And Waterproofing Services

Epp Foundation Repair offers basement waterproofing and drainage systems, including:

Sump pump installation
Drain tile systems
Vapor barriers
Basement window well repair and replacement
Egress window installation
Basement crack repair
Interior basement waterproofing and drainage systems
Exterior basement waterproofing membranes
Exterior foundation drains (perimeter drains)
Window well drainage
Downspout extensions

Our Service Area

Epp Foundation Repair offers waterproofing services in areas of Nebraska, Iowa, Kansas, and Missouri. For more information about our service area, see our Service Areas page.

Is It A Good Idea To Have A Dehumidifier In A Crawl Space?

Dave Epp — Mon, 31 Jul 2023 00:00:00 GMT

Looking for information about under-house dehumidifiers because you have a moisture issue in your crawl space? If so, don't hit that back button because you've landed on the right page. In this article, we're going to go over why crawl space moisture is bad, the causes of crawl space moisture, when to use a dehumidifier (and when not to), the best way to get a clean, dry crawl space, and more.

Why Crawl Space Moisture Is Bad

Moisture in a crawl space can lead to a multitude of problems. Firstly, it can promote the growth of mold and mildew, which can be hazardous to human health when spores are released and inhaled. (Some of the air from your crawl space enters your home's living area via the stack effect.)

Additionally, moisture can attract pests such as rats, mice, and termites, damaging the wooden structures in the crawl space that hold up your home.

Furthermore, high levels of moisture in a crawl space can increase the humidity in the home, leading to an uncomfortable living environment and potentially damaging furniture and other belongings.

Moisture can also cause structural damage over time, accelerating the deterioration of wooden beams and supports.

Humidity can also make your home harder to heat and cool, which could translate to higher energy costs.

To prevent these issues, it's important to properly seal and insulate the crawl space and manage any potential sources of moisture, such as leaky pipes or poor drainage. Regular inspections and maintenance can help catch any issues before they become more serious and costly.

Causes Of Moisture In A Crawl Space

Various factors, including the following, can cause moisture in a crawl space:

Open vents: Warm, humid air enters the crawl space and condenses on cooler surfaces until the vents are sealed and plugged.
Plumbing leaks
Poor drainage around the foundation leading to water infiltration through the foundation wall and into the crawl space
An improperly graded yard: The yard around your home should slope away from the foundation, so water doesn't drain toward the foundation and soak into the ground.
A high groundwater table: This could cause the dirt floor of the crawl space to become soggy.

As we mentioned above, moisture in a crawl space can lead to several negative consequences, including mold and mildew, wood rot and decay, foul odors, and even structural damage to the home.

Homeowners need to take steps to identify and address the underlying causes of moisture in their crawl spaces to prevent damage to their homes and ensure the health and safety of their families.

Yes, A Dehumidifier In The Crawl Space Is a Good Idea, But Only If The Area Is Encapsulated

A dehumidifier is essential to manage moisture levels in certain areas of your home, including crawl spaces. However, simply installing a dehumidifier in a crawl space will not solve the problem at hand unless the crawl space is encapsulated.

What is crawl space encapsulation?

Crawl space encapsulation involves sealing up the entire space using a thick vapor-retarding barrier that covers the crawl space's floor and walls. The barrier ensures that moisture and outside air cannot penetrate the crawl space, vastly reducing the humidity level. Crawl space encapsulation also dramatically reduces the risk of pests or other contaminants entering the crawl space, resulting in optimal air quality.

Encapsulation is not just an optional addition to a dehumidifier in a crawl space. It's an absolute necessity. Without encapsulation, the dehumidifier will work much harder than necessary, leading to increased energy consumption, higher electricity bills, and a shortened lifespan. So, if you want to ensure that your crawl space is free from moisture, pests, and contaminants, and reduce the risk of health concerns associated with poor air quality, encapsulating your crawl space is a must before considering the installation of a dehumidifier.

For more information, see crawl space dehumidifier installation.

Eradicate Crawl Space Moisture With A Drain Tile System, Encapsulation, And A Dehumidifier

Fortunately, there's a way to keep the crawl space dry and reduce the likelihood of moisture buildup. This involves installing a drain tile system, encapsulating the crawl space, and adding a dehumidifier.

What is a drain tile system?

A drain tile system is the best way to prevent excess moisture from building up in the ground around the foundation. They come in two varieties: exterior and interior.

Installing an exterior drain tile system involves the following:

Excavating around the foundation's perimeter down to the footing.
Digging a trench.
Installing a perforated drainage pipe that channels excess groundwater toward a sump pit.
When the sump pit fills with water, a sump pump in the pit turns on and expels the water away from the foundation.

An interior drain tile system is installed around the inside perimeter of the crawl space and works similarly. Excess ground moisture goes into the drainage pipe, gets channeled toward a sump pit, and then expelled via a sump pump.

For more information, see how crawl space drainage works.

As noted above, encapsulating your crawl space involves closing any openings or vents and covering the ground and walls with a thick vapor-retarding barrier. This seals your crawl space from the outside environment, which helps regulate humidity levels and prevents moisture from seeping into the area.

Using a dehumidifier will ensure the humidity level in the crawl space remains optimal to prevent mold growth but not so dry as to cause damage to the wooden structures in the crawl space.

A drain tile system, a sealed crawl space encapsulation, and a dehumidifier is the most effective way to eradicate crawl space moisture, protect your property from damage, and enjoy a dry, healthy home for years.

Common Signs Your Crawl Space Has A Moisture Problem

Here are some of the most common indicators that your crawl space has a moisture issue:

Bad Odor: A musty or mildew smell, either in your home or the crawl space itself, is typically the first sign that excess moisture is present in the crawl space. This is due to the growth of various molds and other fungi that thrive in damp environments.
Visible Mold Growth: Along with the musty smell, visible mold growth is another indicator of moisture in your crawl space. This mold can grow on walls, ceilings, and floors, leading to unsightly stains and even structural damage.
Respiratory Problems: Because excess crawl space moisture encourages mold growth, anyone living in the house could experience allergies or other respiratory problems.
Standing Water: Puddles in your crawl space are a sure sign that you have a moisture problem. Standing water can result from various causes, such as poor drainage, plumbing leaks, or a high groundwater table.
High Humidity Level In Your Home: A high moisture level in your crawl space can lead to high humidity in your home's living area, causing issues such as condensation, peeling paint, warping wood, and respiratory illnesses.
Pest Infestations: Pests are always on the hunt for moist environments. If you see increased pests in your home, such as rats, cockroaches, or spiders, it may be a sign that your crawl space has excess moisture.
Warped or Buckled Floors: If you notice damp and warped floors, it's a clear indication of moisture in your crawl space. This can also lead to a weakened foundation, making your home unsafe.
Bouncy or Sagging Floors: Your floor might feel bouncy when you walk on it. Furniture might even shake as you walk by.

If you see any of the above signs, it's crucial to immediately identify and address the sources of moisture in your crawl space. A qualified professional can help you determine the best action to ensure your home's safety and your family's well-being.

If you have a problem with moisture in your crawl space and have been thinking about a dehumidifier, contact us today to schedule an appointment. Since 1994, we've helped clients in Lincoln, Omaha, Southeastern Nebraska, Northwestern Missouri, and parts of Northeastern Kansas with foundation repair, crawl space encapsulation, basement waterproofing and concrete leveling for their homes.

Cracks in Cinder Block Basement Walls?

Dave Epp — Fri, 21 Jul 2023 00:00:00 GMT

Are you looking for information about cinder block repair because you have a cracked basement wall made out of cinder blocks? If so, you've landed on the right page. In this article, we're going to cover why cinder blocks are used to construct foundation walls, common problems associated with cinder block basement walls, the causes of the issues, and possible repair solutions.

What Are Cinder Blocks?

Cinder blocks are building materials made from concrete and coal cinders. They are sturdy, fireproof, and inexpensive, making them popular for construction projects. The hollow rectangular blocks can be stacked and mortared to form walls for homes and other structures. For decades, their durability and low cost have made cinder blocks a fixture in residential construction.

Why Are Cinder Blocks Used To Build Foundation Walls?

Cinder blocks are commonly used to build foundation walls for several reasons:

They are inexpensive and widely available. Cinder blocks can be purchased at most home improvement stores and are relatively cheap compared to other building materials.
They are durable and long-lasting. Properly installed cinder block walls can last for decades with minimal maintenance. The dense concrete material is resistant to pests, rot, and degradation.
They are easy to work with. Cinder blocks are large, modular units that are easy to stack and assemble. No special tools are required, and the blocks can be cut to fit spaces.
They provide good insulation and temperature regulation. The thick, solid concrete blocks help regulate temperature and prevent heat transfer, improving energy efficiency for basements and foundations.

Common Problems With Cinder Block Basement Walls

Cinder block basement walls are inexpensive and easy to construct but have some downsides. Here are a few common problems with cinder block basement walls:

Moisture seepage. The porous nature of cinder blocks allows water to seep through, which can lead to damp, musty basements. The seams between blocks are especially vulnerable to leaks. Applying a sealant to the walls can help reduce moisture issues.
Cracking. As the ground shifts over time, it can stress cinder block walls and cause cracks to form. The mortar between blocks can also crack and crumble. For minor cracking, patching and sealing the walls may be sufficient. More severe cracking may require professional foundation repair or replacement.
Pests. The gaps and cracks in cinder block walls provide easy access points for rodents and insects. Filling gaps and repairing cracks helps eliminate pest entrances. It's also a good idea to clear away any debris outside the foundation wall that could harbor pests.

What Causes Cracks In A Cinder Block Foundation Wall?

Several factors, including the following, can cause cracks in a cinder block foundation wall:

Differential foundation settlement. As a home ages, it can settle unevenly into the ground, causing the foundation to crack. This is common in areas with clay soil or places that experience extreme weather changes. See the infographic below for a visual depiction of differential settlement.
Hydrostatic pressure. Excess moisture in the ground around the foundation caused by poor drainage causes hydrostatic pressure to build up and push against foundation walls. The wall will eventually bow inward and even crack if the pressure isn't relieved.
Water damage. Excess moisture can seep into the cinder blocks and freeze, expanding and cracking the foundation. Cracks near the bottom of the wall may indicate water damage.
Poor construction. If the cinder blocks were laid unevenly or the mortar was poorly applied, it can lead to cracks forming over time. Using low quality materials or improper techniques during construction may eventually result in cracks.

To repair cracks in a cinder block foundation, you may need to re-mortar the blocks or install a waterproof sealant or epoxy injection, depending on the severity of the damage. However, cracks in a cinder block basement wall caused by differential settlement or hydrostatic pressure must be repaired by a professional foundation repair contractor. It's best to consult a foundation expert to evaluate all cracks and recommend appropriate repairs.

Possible Repair Solutions For A Cinder Block Basement Wall

Some possible repair solutions for a cinder block basement wall include the following:

Apply a waterproof sealant or epoxy coating to the cinder blocks. This prevents further water damage and seals up any cracks.
Install drainage panels along the base of the wall. These absorb water and direct it away from the foundation, preventing seepage through the blocks.
Install a drain tile system. This will prevent excess moisture from building up in the ground around the foundation, thereby preventing hydrostatic pressure from building up and pushing against the basement wall. For more information, see What Is Drain Tile?
Install steel beams or braces along the wall to add structural support. This stabilizes bowing or leaning walls and prevents further shifting or cracking.
Carbon fiber straps are another way to stabilize bowed and/or cracked basement walls.
Remove and replace damaged cinder blocks. If blocks are crumbling or cracked, they can be removed and new blocks installed in their place. Fresh mortar is used to seal the new blocks in place.
Apply a cement plaster or stucco coating to the wall. This covers up cracks and imperfections and provides a smooth, water resistant surface.

Tips On Preventing Cracks In Cinder Block Basement Walls

Over time, cinder block basement walls can develop cracks which can compromise the structural integrity of the building. Therefore, preventing cracks in cinder block basement walls is crucial to maintain the strength and integrity of the walls and protect the home's foundation. Here are some tips that will help you prevent cracks in cinder block basement walls:

Ensure proper drainage around the foundation. Hydrostatic pressure is one of the leading causes of cracks in basement walls. Make sure that your home's drainage system is working correctly and that water isn't pooling around the foundation, as this can cause clay rich soil to expand and put pressure on the basement walls, leading to cracks. For more information on the importance of good drainage, see The Importance of Proper Foundation Drainage Around Your Home.
Install a drain tile system along with a sump pump. If your basement is prone to flooding or excess moisture, it may be worth installing a drain tile system and a sump pump. A drain tile system prevents excess moisture from building up in the ground around the foundation.
Control humidity levels. High humidity levels can also cause cracks in basement walls. Install a dehumidifier in your basement to keep the humidity levels in check and prevent moisture buildup.
Proper insulation. Proper insulation can help prevent cracks in cinder block walls by regulating the temperature and preventing drastic temperature changes.
Regular maintenance. Regular inspections and maintenance can help prevent cracks in basement walls by identifying any potential problems early on. If you notice any cracks in the walls, get them repaired as soon as possible.

By following these steps, you can prevent cracks in cinder block basement walls, which will help protect your home's foundation. Remember, prevention is always better than cure.

If you're concerned about a crack in your cinder block basement wall, contact us today to schedule an evaluation. Since 1994, we've helped clients in Lincoln, Omaha, Southeastern Nebraska, Northwestern Missouri, and parts of Northeastern Kansas with foundation repair, concrete leveling, basement waterproofing and crawl space encapsulation for their homes.

Why Is There A Gap Between The Wall And The Floor?

Dave Epp — Wed, 12 Jul 2023 00:00:00 GMT

Looking for information about a gap between the wall and the floor? If so, don't hit that back button because that's what we're going to talk about in this article. We'll review the causes of gaps between the wall and the floor, repair solutions, signs your home might have a foundation problem, and more.

Causes Of Gaps Between The Wall And The Floor

Unfortunately, a gap between the wall and the floor can indicate your home has structural damage. Some possible causes of a gap between the wall and the floor include the following:

One common cause of gaps between the wall and the floor is differential foundation settlement, or when the foundation settles into the ground unevenly. (See the infographic below for a visual representation of differential vs. uniform settlement.) Differential settlement can create gaps between the wall and the floor that may be visible to the naked eye. Differential foundation settlement can occur for various reasons, such as changes in soil moisture due to weather conditions and poor soil compaction during construction.
Another potential cause of gaps between the wall and the floor is poor workmanship during construction or remodeling. When walls and floors are not properly installed, they may not fit together tightly, leaving gaps that can become more visible over time. This can be caused by various factors, such as using the wrong materials, poor planning, or lack of attention to detail during installation.
In some cases, gaps between the wall and the floor may be caused by things such as rotting wood or termite damage.

Regardless of the cause, homeowners must promptly address gaps between the wall and the floor to avoid further damage or safety issues. Consulting with a professional foundation repair contractor can help identify the underlying cause and develop a repair plan to ensure the home's structural integrity and safety.

Check out our post about Garage foundation repair.

Repair Solutions For A Gap Between The Wall And The Floor

When it comes to repairing a gap between the wall and the floor, the chosen repair solution will depend on the cause of the gap. There are several possible repair solutions to consider. A gap caused by differential foundation settlement will not be repaired in the same way as a gap caused by poor workmanship.

If the gap was caused by differential foundation settlement, underpinning using push or helical piers will likely be the repair solution. Underpinning involves extending the home's foundation to stronger soil that can support it. Once the piers are in place, the foundation is stabilized, and lift is attempted to the maximum practical level, which means raised as far as possible without damaging the foundation. Lift is attempted rather than guaranteed, and when it is achieved the gaps often close. Underpinning is not a DIY project. Only experienced foundation repair contractors underpin foundations.

Other possible solutions for gaps between the wall and the floor caused by less serious problems include using caulking or sealant to fill in the gap. This can be a quick and cost-effective way to address the issue, but it may not be the most permanent fix. Over time, the sealant may crack or shrink, which could lead to the gap reappearing.

Another option for repairing a gap between the wall and the floor is to use foam backer rod. This material can be inserted into the gap to provide a stable base for the caulking or sealant to adhere to. Foam backer rod also helps to prevent the sealant from cracking or shrinking, which means the repair will last longer.

So, the best repair solution for a gap between the wall and the floor will depend on the size and severity of the gap and the underlying cause. By consulting with a foundation repair professional and considering all available options, homeowners can find the most effective and lasting repair solution for their particular situation.

Common Signs Of Foundation Problems

Foundation problems are common and can result in expensive repairs if left unaddressed. Several signs suggest a foundation problem. These include the following:

The most common signs include cracks in the interior walls or floors, doors and windows that won't open or close properly, stair step cracks in brick or masonry, sloping or uneven floors, and gaps between the walls, ceilings, and floors.
Other indications of foundation problems include exterior cracks in the foundation walls or a visible gap between the foundation and the bricks or siding.
Additionally, if a homeowner notices dampness or moisture in the basement or crawl space, it may be evidence of foundation issues.

It is important to note that these signs can often be mistaken for natural wear and tear in a home. Therefore, homeowners should be cautious and look for patterns. Are different signs appearing simultaneously or becoming worse over time?

Ignoring these signs and not addressing foundation problems early on can lead to further damage and even more costly repairs. If you notice any of the above, or anything else that strikes you as suspicious, contact an experienced foundation repair contractor and ask for an inspection.

How To Prevent Foundation Problems

Since most foundation problems are caused by excess moisture in the ground around the foundation (i.e., poor drainage), one of the most important steps homeowners can take to prevent trouble is to control groundwater around the foundation. Here are some ways to do that:

If necessary, regrade your yard so it slopes away from the foundation. This prevents groundwater from draining toward the foundation.
Clean your gutters regularly so they're not full of decaying leaves and other debris. You don't want water spilling over the side of your home and soaking the ground around the foundation.
Use downspout extensions to direct water away from the foundation.
Avoid planting water-hungry vegetation next to the foundation.
Install a drain tile system. This is the best way to waterproof a foundation. For more information about how drain tile systems work, see How Does A Drain Tile System Work?
Lastly, regular foundation inspections can help spot problems early, including tiny cracks or signs of foundation movement. This will allow you to take corrective action before the issue becomes more serious and more expensive to repair.

If you're concerned about a gap between your home's wall and floor, contact us today to schedule a foundation inspection. Since 1994, we've helped clients in Lincoln, Omaha, Southeastern Nebraska, Northwestern Missouri, and parts of Northeastern Kansas with foundation repair, crawl space encapsulation, basement waterproofing and concrete leveling for their homes.

Common Signs Of A Sinking Foundation

Dave Epp — Tue, 30 May 2023 00:00:00 GMT

Worried that your home is showing the signs of a sinking foundation? If so, don't hit that back button because that's what we're going to cover in this article. We're going to give you the most common signs of a sinking foundation, repair options, tips on how to prevent foundation trouble, and more.

Your Home's Structural Integrity Is Only As Good As Its Foundation

The structural integrity of your home is only as good as its foundation. Without a sturdy foundation, your home could suffer structural damage that becomes costly to repair. Therefore, it's crucial to make sure your home's foundation is in good condition and well-maintained to ensure the safety and longevity of your home. Investing time and money into maintenance and, when necessary, foundation repairs will save you from significant headaches and expenses in the future.

When We Say A "Sinking Foundation," What Do We Mean Exactly?

When we say "sinking foundation," we're referring to differential settlement. Differential settlement is when the foundation of a building settles unevenly into the ground, causing certain areas to sink lower than others.

Various factors can contribute to differential settlement, including changes in soil composition, poor construction practices, or even natural disasters like earthquakes.

Differential settlement can lead to significant structural problems, such as wall cracks or uneven floors. If left untreated, the damage can spread to the rest of the structure.

Differential settlement is pretty common, and an experienced foundation repair contractor can almost always fix it.

Common Signs Of A Sinking Foundation

Some of the most common signs of a sinking foundation include the following:

Cracks in walls, ceilings, and floors
Doors and windows that don't open and close properly
Uneven floors
Stair step cracks in brick or masonry
Gaps between the walls and the floor or ceiling
Chimneys or porches that lean away from the house
Torn or wrinkled wallpaper (the wall behind the wallpaper might be cracked)

If you notice any of the above, your home's foundation might be sinking. Therefore, you should have your foundation inspected by a professional foundation repair contractor or structural engineer. Foundation problems tend to be progressive, and repairs generally cost more the longer they wait.

Is A Sinking Foundation Serious?

A sinking foundation is a clear signal that something is wrong with your home's foundation. So yes, a sinking foundation is serious. If you suspect your foundation is sinking, it's essential to contact a foundation repair contractor to assess the damage and develop a plan to fix it. Ignoring the problem can lead to more costly repairs, so it's always best to take action sooner rather than later.

What Causes A Foundation To Sink?

Differential settlement causes foundations to sink into the ground unevenly. So, the real question is, what causes differential settlement? Various factors, including the following, can cause differential foundation settlement:

Expansive soil. This is soil with a high percentage of clay. It swells when it soaks up moisture and then shrinks when it dries out. This back and forth, swelling and shrinking, creates movement in the ground under the foundation and can lead to differential settlement.
Erosion-prone soil. Some types of soil are prone to erosion. If there's poor drainage under the foundation, soil can wash away, leaving voids behind. If the foundation settles into the voids, the foundation will sink unevenly into the ground.
Inadequate soil preparation. Soil must be tamped down before anything gets built on it. If this isn't done correctly, the structure could sink unevenly into the ground after construction.
Seismic events. Earthquakes, even small ones, can cause a foundation to sink into the ground.
Other natural disasters. Floods, mudslides, sinkholes, etc.
Excavation too close to the foundation. If your neighbor digs a big hole too close to your home, it could destabilize the foundation and cause it to sink unevenly into the ground.

If you suspect your foundation is sinking, addressing the issue promptly is essential to prevent further structural damage. Contact a foundation repair contractor and ask for an inspection.

How Are Sinking Foundations Repaired?

Fortunately, there are various ways to repair a sinking foundation. One popular method is underpinning, which involves using push or helical piers to add support to the foundation. For more information about underpinning and how it works, see What Is House Underpinning?

How To Help Prevent Foundation Problems

Believe it or not, most foundation problems are caused by excess moisture in the soil around the foundation. Therefore, you can help prevent foundation problems from occurring in the first place by getting groundwater under control. Here are some tips to help you do that:

Clean your gutters regularly to ensure they're not full of decaying leaves and other debris. This will keep water flowing in the gutter instead of spilling over the side of your home and soaking the ground around the foundation.
Use downspout extensions to direct runoff away from the foundation before release. These are inexpensive and easy to install.
Consider relocating any water-hungry vegetation planted next to the house.
If necessary, regrade the yard around your home so it slopes away from the foundation. This will keep groundwater from draining toward the foundation.
Install a drain tile system around the perimeter of your home. A drain tile system helps direct water away from the foundation, preventing excess moisture from building up in the soil and causing foundation damage. For more information about drain tile systems, see The Importance Of Proper Foundation Drainage Around Your Home.

These proactive steps will lessen the likelihood of foundation damage caused by excess soil moisture.

Knowing the warning signs of a sinking foundation is vital to protecting your home's structural integrity. The good news is that most sinking foundations can be repaired.

If you think your home's foundation is sinking, contact us today to schedule a foundation inspection. If we find an issue, we'll give you a Customized Repair Estimate. Since 1994, we've helped clients in Lincoln, Omaha, Kearney, Southeastern Nebraska, Northwestern Missouri, and parts of Northeastern Kansas with foundation repair, basement waterproofing, crawl space encapsulation, and concrete leveling for their homes.

Mold Growth on Concrete Basement Walls: How It Happens

Dave Epp — Tue, 30 May 2023 00:00:00 GMT

Searching for information on whether or not concrete can grow mold? If so, don't hit that back button because that's what we're going to talk about in this article. We're going to discuss what causes mold on concrete, how to get rid of mold on concrete, how to prevent it, and more.

Can Concrete Grow Mold?

Yes, mold can grow on concrete. While concrete is not a food source for mold, it can provide a damp and humid environment that allows mold spores to grow. In other words, any moisture or dampness on the concrete surface can lead to mold growth. This is especially true in areas with high humidity or concrete surfaces constantly in contact with water.

It's important to keep concrete surfaces dry and well-ventilated to prevent mold growth from occurring. So, while concrete itself cannot grow mold, it can certainly provide a breeding ground for unwanted fungi if proper precautions aren't taken.

What Causes Mold Growth On Concrete?

Mold will grow on damp concrete surfaces. In other words, anywhere there is high humidity, condensation, or water infiltration (i.e., water seeping through your foundation walls via cracks you didn't even know were there). Mold also likes temperatures from 40 to 120 degrees Fahrenheit. These conditions provide the perfect environment for mold spores to thrive and spread rapidly, leading to potential health hazards and damage to your property.

Understanding what causes mold growth on concrete and taking preventative measures can help you avoid this troublesome issue and keep your home or business healthy and safe.

Is It Mold, Or Is It Efflorescence?

Often, homeowners notice a white, powdery substance on their basement walls or floors and assume it's mold. It's actually something called efflorescence, a fancy term for salt crystals forming on the surface of masonry and other building materials, including concrete basement walls. Efflorescence occurs when moisture that contains salts is drawn out from within the material and crystallizes on its surface. Efflorescence poses no health risks. Mold, on the other hand, is a type of fungus that can pose health risks.

One easy way to determine if it's mold or efflorescence is to spray the area with water. If the discoloration disappears when wet, it's efflorescence. If it doesn't, it's mold.

While both efflorescence and mold can be unsightly, it's essential to correctly identify which is which to address it effectively.

Problems Associated With Mold Growth On Concrete

Mold growth on concrete can lead to serious problems that can affect both the structural integrity of your home and the health of its occupants.

Structural integrity compromised

Mold growth can weaken concrete and make it more porous. This can not only compromise the structural integrity of your home but can also make it more susceptible to water infiltration.

Health issues

When mold grows on the surface of concrete, it releases spores that can cause respiratory and allergy problems. These health issues can be particularly severe in people with preexisting breathing disorders.

It's critical to address mold growth on concrete as soon as possible to prevent these types of problems from occurring.

How To Get Rid Of Mold On Concrete Basement Walls

Dealing with mold can be a hassle, especially when it spreads on concrete basement walls. If the mold on your basement wall is spread over a large area, it's best to call a certified mold remediation company and let them handle it. Epp does not remove mold; we find and fix the water source that lets it grow, and we can refer you to a certified remediator for the removal.

If it's a small area of mold, the best solution is to use a strong fungicide that will kill the mold at its source. Before applying the fungicide, thoroughly clean the walls with a mixture of bleach, water, and detergent. Once the walls are clean, follow the instructions on the fungicide and apply it directly to the affected areas. With a bit of patience and elbow grease, your basement walls will be mold-free in no time.

How To Prevent Mold On Concrete Basement Walls

You can prevent mold growth on concrete basement walls by making sure your basement is dry. The best way to get a dry basement is to prevent excess moisture from building up in the soil around the foundation. You can do this by installing a drain tile system.

How a drain tile system works

When it comes to basement waterproofing, nothing beats a drain tile system. It is, by far, the best foundation waterproofing method available today. It's the most effective waterproofing solution because it doesn't merely put up a barrier to keep water out; it prevents excess soil moisture, to begin with. If there's no excess moisture in the soil around your home's foundation, there's no excess moisture to make its way inside your basement.

There are two types of drain tile systems, exterior and interior. The exterior design is installed around the outside perimeter of your foundation at the footing level. An interior drain tile system is installed around the inside perimeter of your basement and requires breaking up the concrete floor to dig a shallow trench and lay the drainage pipe. For more information about drain tile systems, see Basement Drain Systems: The Secret To A Dry Basement.

Other ways to help keep your basement walls dry and mold-free

While a drain tile system is the best way to prevent moisture and mold growth on concrete basement walls, there are some other things you can do as well. These include the following:

If necessary, regrade the yard around your home so that it slopes away from the foundation. This will stop groundwater from draining toward the foundation and causing problems.
Consider relocating any water-hungry shrubs or flowers planted next to your house. They might look beautiful, but they need water.
Use downspout extensions to carry runoff at least four feet from your foundation before release. Downspout extensions are inexpensive and easy to install.
Clean your gutters regularly so they aren't clogged with decaying leaves and other debris. This can cause water to spill over the side of your house and soak into the ground around the foundation.
Install an underground downspout and pop-up emitter. Runoff flows into the underground downspout and toward the pop-up emitter situated somewhere in your yard several feet from the foundation. When the emitter fills with water, it pops up and releases it away from the foundation.

If you're concerned about mold on your concrete basement walls, contact us today to schedule an inspection. Since 1994, we've helped clients in Lincoln, Omaha, Kearney, Southeastern Nebraska, Northwestern Missouri, and parts of Northeastern Kansas with foundation repair, basement waterproofing, crawl space encapsulation, and concrete leveling for their homes.

An Easy Way To Fix Sinking Concrete

Dave Epp — Thu, 04 May 2023 00:00:00 GMT

Are you tired of tripping over uneven sidewalks, patios, or driveways due to concrete sinking or settling? If so, there's an easy fix: polyurethane foam injection. It can level an uneven concrete slab in no time flat. Most concrete leveling jobs take only a few hours, and then the slab is ready for use again. Read on for more information about how polyurethane foam injection works.

For more information, see Frequently Asked Questions About Concrete Leveling.

Why Do Concrete Slabs Sink And Become Uneven?

Concrete slabs such as sidewalks, driveways, patios, and pool deck slabs sink and become uneven for various reasons, including the following:

The soil wasn't adequately compacted before the slab was poured. Soil needs to be tamped down before a slab gets poured on top of it. If this isn't done correctly, the slab will settle into the ground after it's poured and become uneven. It could even crack.
There's erosion prone soil beneath the slab. Some soil types are prone to erosion. This, along with poor drainage, could cause voids to form under the slab. If the slab sinks into the soil, it will probably become uneven.
The slab is sitting on expansive soil. Expansive soil contains a high percentage of clay, and because of this, it expands as it soaks up moisture and then shrinks as it dries out. This swelling and shrinking cycle, which is usually seasonal, causes movement in the ground under the slab and can, over time, cause it to sink and become uneven.
Invasive tree roots. You've probably seen many examples of tree roots pushing up on a slab and causing it to become uneven.

Why You Don't Want An Uneven Concrete Sidewalk, Driveway, Etc.

An uneven concrete sidewalk or driveway isn't just unsightly. It can also be a safety hazard. If someone trips, falls, and gets injured, you could find yourself facing an unpleasant lawsuit. Uneven driveways can even damage tires and vehicles. Therefore, it's essential to level uneven concrete surfaces as soon as possible.

The good news is that uneven concrete slabs aren't difficult to level. A professional concrete contractor can use polyurethane foam injection to level most uneven slabs in just a few hours, leaving you with a smooth and safe surface. Contact a foundation repair contractor with experience using polyurethane foam to level uneven slabs to help ensure your sidewalks, driveways, and other surfaces are even and safe to use.

How To Fix Sinking Concrete Using Polyurethane Foam Injection

Polyurethane foam injection involves injecting a polyurethane foam under the affected area, which expands to lift the concrete back into place. The general procedure is as follows:

First, small, dime sized holes are drilled into the affected slab.
The polyurethane foam is injected under the slab through the holes. It immediately begins to expand, and as it does, this raises the sunken slab.
The holes are then patched using a compound that closely matches the color of the concrete.
Fifteen minutes after the repair is complete, the slab is ready for use.

Leveling sinking concrete via polyurethane foam injection takes less time than tearing up the slab and pouring a new one, and it also requires minimal disruption to the surrounding area, making it ideal for commercial slabs as well as residential properties. Plus, the foam is water resistant, and because it's extremely lightweight, it won't add additional weight to soil that might already have trouble supporting the slab. With polyurethane foam injection, sinking concrete does not have to stay a problem for long.

For more information, see foam lifting for uneven slabs.

How Much Does It Cost To Fix Sinking Concrete?

If you're dealing with sinking concrete, you're probably wondering about the cost of fixing it. The truth is, it depends on a few factors:

The first thing to consider is the extent of the damage. Is it a small, localized area, or are multiple sections of your concrete sinking?
Where do you live? The cost to raise sinking concrete will depend on your geographical location. Some areas are more expensive than others.

You'll also want to consider the cause of the sinking. Is the concrete slab sinking due to improper installation, settling soil, or water damage? Solving the problem for good might involve more than just raising the slab.

The only way to know how much it will cost to fix your sunken sidewalk or driveway is to contact a foundation repair contractor with experience using polyurethane foam injection and ask for an evaluation and repair estimate. Fixing sinking concrete is worth doing for both safety and curb appeal.

Is It Better To Fix Or Replace The Sunken Slab?

Tearing up and replacing an uneven sidewalk, driveway, pool deck, or patio usually isn't necessary unless the slab is severely damaged. Polyurethane foam injection can, in most cases, repair the sunken slab.

How To Prevent A Concrete Slab From Sinking

As a homeowner, it's important to be proactive in preventing your concrete slab from sinking. There are a few simple steps you can take to help ensure that your sidewalk, driveway, or any other type of slab stays level:

First and foremost, before a slab gets poured, make sure the soil underneath the slab has been adequately compacted. Loose soil can cause the slab to shift and sink over time.
Consider installing a drainage system to prevent water from pooling underneath the slab. Standing water can weaken the soil and cause the slab to sink. If the soil is prone to erosion, poor drainage can wash away soil, causing voids to form under the slab.
Finally, hire a professional to seal any cracks in the slab to prevent water from seeping in and further destabilizing the soil.

By taking these preventative measures, you can rest easy knowing that your concrete driveway, sidewalk, patio, or pool deck will remain stable and secure for years.

If you have a problem with sinking concrete on your property, contact us today for an evaluation and repair estimate. We have helped clients in Lincoln, Omaha, Kearney, Nebraska, Missouri, and parts of Northeastern Kansas with foundation repair, basement waterproofing, crawl space encapsulation, and concrete leveling for their homes.

The Basics Of Floor Joist Repair

Dave Epp — Tue, 02 May 2023 00:00:00 GMT

Are you the owner of a home with a crawl space foundation looking for information on floor joist repair? If so, don't hit that back button because that's what this article is about.

Crawl space foundations come with their own unique set of issues that can crop up over time, including needing floor joist repair. Recognizing the early signs of floor joist damage is crucial to preventing more expensive structural failures later on. If you're a homeowner dealing with damaged or weakened floor joists beneath your feet, don't panic. In this blog post, we'll go through what floor joists are, the reasons you might need floor joist repair, floor joist repair options, and more.

What Is A Crawl Space Foundation?

A crawl space foundation raises the home anywhere from 1.5 to 3 feet off the ground creating a space underneath that's just enough room to crawl around. Crawl space foundations were once very popular in the US because they offer easy access to the home's plumbing and electrical wiring. However, that doesn't mean crawl space foundations are trouble-free. For various reasons, which we'll talk about in this article, the floor above the crawl space can start to sag or become uneven, requiring, in some cases, floor joist repair.

What Are Floor Joists?

Under your home, inside the crawl space, there are pier blocks, vertical support beams, and horizontal beams (or girders as they're known on the west coast). On top of, but perpendicular to, the horizontal beams are the joists. Understanding how these crawl space structural components work together will help you understand how repairs are performed. The floor sits directly on top of the joists.

Read more about How To Clean Up A Crawl Space.

Reasons You Might Need Floor Joist Repair

While there might be a problem with the floor joists themselves, it's also possible that you might need floor joist repair because there's a problem elsewhere that's affecting the floor joists. Here are some possible scenarios:

Your home was built on weak soil. Some soil types perform better at holding up a foundation than others. If your home sits on top of weak soil, the support posts (see the infographic below) could settle into the ground. If this happens, even strong beams and joists won't be able to support the floor.
Your floor joists have weakened. This might be because of wood rot caused by excess moisture in the crawl space or from wood-eating pests such as termites. Homeowners should be aware of crawl space moisture dangers as they are the primary cause of wood decay in foundations.
There aren't enough joists, support posts, or beams. Sometimes, a home isn't constructed correctly, and there are an inadequate number of joists, support posts, or beams to support the structure.
There's poor drainage around the home. Excess moisture in the soil around a crawl space foundation can cause the crawl space's dirt floor to become soggy. If this happens, the support posts could sink into the ground and become non-vertical. For more information, see Water In A Crawl Space: Causes And Waterproofing Solutions.

The Basics Of Floor Joist Repair

In situations where the floor joists themselves are the problem, there are several possible repair solutions available including the following:

The floor joists can be sistered. Sistering involves placing a healthy joist alongside the weakened one to relieve the weakened joist of some of the load.
You can add more beams to support the floor joists. The more beams under the joists, the less pressure is placed on the joists.
You can bridge or block the joists. Straight joists are strong joists. Joists that are leaning or twisting sideways are weaker. Placing something between the floor joists to keep them straight also keeps them strong. See the illustration below to see what bridging or blocking looks like.
Add brick or concrete columns. Adding brick or concrete columns under the beams will add support to the floor joists. Adjustable brackets can be added to the top of each column in case of further settlement.
Add adjustable jack posts under the beams. If the footings are strong enough, jack posts can carry a substantial load. In the case of settlement, the jack posts can be adjusted.

Because every home is different, the crawl space inspection importance cannot be overstated when determining which of these methods is right for your home.

Signs You Might Need Floor Joist Repair

If you notice any of the following, you might need floor joist repair:

The floor above the crawl space is sagging, uneven, or sloped.
When you walk on the floor, it feels spongy.
Furniture might even shake when you walk by.
Wall cracks
Windows and doors are no longer opening and closing correctly.

If you're living in a home with a crawl space foundation and notice any of the above, contact an experienced foundation repair contractor for an inspection.

Tips For Helping Prevent Foundation Damage

Believe it or not, most foundation problems are caused by poor drainage around the home. (As noted above, soggy soil caused by drainage problems can cause the crawl space support posts to sink into the ground and become non-vertical.) Therefore, you can go a long way toward preventing foundation problems by simply getting groundwater under control. Here are some ways to do that:

Make sure your gutters aren't full of dead leaves and other debris. Clogged gutters can cause water to flow over the side of your home and into the ground around the foundation.
If necessary, regrade your yard so it slopes away from the foundation. This will prevent groundwater from draining toward the foundation.
Use downspout extensions so that runoff is carried at least 4 feet away from your home before being released.
Consider relocating any water-hungry vegetation planted next to your home.
Install a drain tile system. This is the absolute best way to ensure there's no excess moisture in the soil around your home's foundation.

If you think your crawl space foundation might need floor joist repair, contact us today to schedule an inspection and receive a Customized Repair Estimate. Since 1994, we've helped clients in Lincoln, Omaha, Kearney, Nebraska, Missouri, and parts of Northeastern Kansas with foundation repair, basement waterproofing, crawl space encapsulation, and concrete leveling for their homes.

Why Landscaping Next To A House’s Foundation Is A Bad Idea

Dave Epp — Wed, 22 Feb 2023 00:00:00 GMT

Looking for information about landscaping next to a house's foundation? If so, don't hit that back button because you've landed on the right page. In this article, we're going to talk about the most common cause of foundation problems, why it's not a good idea to plant flowers, shrubs, etc., next to your home's foundation, the best way to prevent foundation trouble, and more.

Most Foundation Problems Are Caused By Water

Homeowners are often surprised to learn that most foundation problems are caused by water, either too much water in the soil around the foundation or not enough. Here's how it happens...

Too much water in the soil around a foundation

When there's too much water in the ground around a foundation, and it can't drain off, you're likely to end up with foundation problems. This is especially true if your home was built on expansive or erosion-prone soil.

How expansive soil and excess moisture can cause foundation trouble

Expansive soil contains a lot of clay. Because of this, it will swell as it soaks up water and then shrink as it dries out. This back-and-forth, swelling-shrinking cycle (which is usually seasonal) creates movement in the ground under the foundation. Over time, this will lead to a phenomenon called "differential settlement," or when a foundation is settling into the ground unevenly. Differential settlement puts a lot of stress on the foundation and will lead to structural damage. See the infographic below for a visual representation of differential settlement.

How erosion-prone soil and excess moisture can cause foundation trouble

If the soil under a foundation is prone to erosion, excess moisture can cause the soil to wash away, leaving behind voids. If the foundation sinks into the voids, you'll end up with differential settlement and structural damage.

Not enough water in the soil around a foundation

A lack of water in the soil around a foundation can also cause a lot of trouble. This might happen during a drought or when large tree roots "drink" water from the soil, leaving behind voids. If the foundation settles into the voids, you'll get differential settlement and foundation damage.

Why Landscaping Next To A House's Foundation Is A Very Bad Idea

Landscaping next to a house's foundation might look beautiful. Still, it's a bad idea because flowers, shrubs, etc., need water, which means you'll add water to the soil around the foundation. This is what you're trying to avoid.

However, this doesn't mean you can't landscape your yard. It just means you shouldn't plant water-hungry flowers, shrubs, trees, or any other type of vegetation next to your house.

For more information, see The Importance Of Proper Foundation Drainage Around Your Home.

Prevent Foundation Trouble By Getting Groundwater Under Control

Not landscaping next to your home's foundation is just one way to prevent foundation trouble by getting groundwater under control. Here are some other things you can do:

If necessary, regrade the yard around your home, so it slopes away from the foundation. This will prevent water from draining toward and pooling around the foundation.
Keep your gutters debris-free. This prevents water from spilling over the side of the house and soaking into the ground around the foundation.
Use downspout extensions to carry water away from the foundation before releasing it.
Install an underground downspout and pop-up emitter. Runoff from the gutters flows into the underground downspout and toward the pop-up emitter in your yard some distance from the foundation. When the emitter fills with water, it pops up and releases it away from the foundation.
Install a drain tile system. This is a waterproofing gold standard and the best way to control groundwater around the foundation. We'll talk more about it in the next section.

How A Drain Tile System Works

A drain tile system prevents excess moisture from building up in the ground around the foundation. There are two types of drain tile systems, exterior and interior. Both can be installed in existing homes.

Exterior drain tile system

An exterior drain tile system goes around the outside perimeter of your home's foundation at the footing level. The general installation procedure is as follows:

The soil around the foundation is excavated
A shallow trench is dug around the perimeter of the foundation and lined with gravel.
A drainage pipe with holes is then placed into the trench and covered with more gravel.
Finally, the excavated soil is put back.

Any excess water in the soil will flow into the drainage pipe and toward a sump pit. Once the water reaches a certain level in the sump pit, a sump pump will turn on and release it away from the foundation.

Interior drain tile system

An interior drain tile system is installed along the inside perimeter of a basement or crawl space. If you're going to install an interior drain tile system in a basement, it will mean breaking up the basement floor around the perimeter. The general installation procedure is as follows:

The contractor will dig a shallow trench around the inside perimeter of the basement or crawl space.
After the trench is lined with gravel, a perforated drainage pipe is placed in it and then covered with more gravel.
If the basement is going to be finished, the slab will be replaced. However, some homeowners choose to leave the drainage ditch open if they aren't going to finish the basement.

Excess moisture in the ground now flows into the perforated drainage pipe and toward the sump pit. When the sump pit fills with water, a sump pump kicks in and expels the water away from the foundation.

For more information, see How Does A Drain Tile System Work?

Installing a drain tile system (exterior or interior) is a major construction project. We don't recommend trying to do it yourself. Contact a foundation repair contractor near you and let them handle it.

If you're wondering how to handle landscaping next to your house's foundation, contact us today. We serve areas in Lincoln, Omaha, Grand Island, Kearney, Nebraska, Missouri, Iowa and parts of Northeastern Kansas.

What Is A Crawl Space Jack?

Dave Epp — Wed, 15 Feb 2023 00:00:00 GMT

Wondering what a crawl space jack is? If so, don't hit that back button because you've landed on the right page. In this short article, we're going to talk about crawl spaces, crawl space jacks, why you might need them, and more.

What Is A Crawl Space?

If you have a crawl space foundation, the crawl space is an area under the house that's 1.5 to 3 feet high. It's just big enough to crawl around in, and that's why it's called a crawl space.

Crawl space foundations were once very popular because they offer easy access to the home's plumbing and electrical wiring. They're still being built, but today, slab foundations are more popular in most parts of the country.

What Is A Crawl Space Jack?

A crawl space jack (usually more than one) is used to support and lift a sagging crawl space floor. (We're going to talk about why crawl spaces sag in just a bit.) Crawl space jacks are adjustable and come in different sizes. People often refer to a crawl space jack as a screw jack. It's the same thing.

How Do You Install A Crawl Space Jack?

In most cases, the existing pier blocks are in good condition. If so, the post/pier or existing crawl space jack (which may have deteriorated due to lack of corrosion protection) is replaced with a new crawl space jack. Usually, more than one crawl space jack is required to repair a sagging crawl space. After the crawl space jacks are in place, the sagging floor is stabilized and lift back toward level is attempted.

Crawl space jacks don't take very long to install; if necessary, they can be adjusted later.

Why Do Crawl Spaces Sag?

Crawl spaces sag for various reasons including the following:

The crawl space support piers have settled into the ground and are no longer vertical: This usually happens due to drainage problems. The soil becomes soft and the support piers gradually start settling. Expansive soil that swells when it soaks up water and then shrinks when it dries out can also cause the support piers to settle because it creates movement in the soil.
The existing screw jacks have deteriorated: A crawl space jack can deteriorate if it isn't coated with something to protect it from corrosion.
There are an insufficient number of support piers in the crawl space: Sometimes, the builder doesn't include enough support piers. If this happens, the floor above the crawl space could start to sag. The solution is to add additional support piers or crawl space jacks.
Wood rot: Wooden support piers can rot for various reasons.

Signs Your Crawl Space Is Starting To Sag

Some common signs of a sagging crawl space include the following:

Your floors are uneven or sagging.
Your floors squeak when you walk on them.
Your floors feel bouncy when you walk on them.
Furniture shakes when you walk by.
Wall cracks
There's mold on your first-floor baseboards or floor. This is a strong indication there's mold in the crawl space, which means excess moisture.

How To Prevent Trouble With Your Foundation

Believe it or not, most foundation problems are caused by excess water in the ground around the foundation. Therefore, we can go a long way toward preventing foundation trouble by making sure that groundwater is under control. Here are some ways to do that:

If necessary, regrade the yard around your home's foundation: The yard around your home should slope away from the foundation. If the yard slopes toward your home, water will drain toward and pool around the foundation.
Clean your gutters regularly: If your gutters are full of dead leaves and other debris, it could cause water to spill over the sides of your home and soak into the ground around the foundation.
Use downspout extensions: If your downspouts are too short, they'll dump water too close to the foundation. Extensions are inexpensive, easy to install, and will carry runoff at least 4 feet away from the foundation before releasing it.
Install an underground downspout and pop-up emitter: Runoff flows into the underground downspout and toward the pop-up emitter situated in your yard several feet from the foundation. When the pop-up emitter is empty, it sits flush with the lawn and is barely visible. When it fills with water, it pops up, releases the water away from the foundation, and then pops back down again.
Don't plant water-hungry vegetation next to your foundation: Flowers, shrubs, etc., may look beautiful planted next to the house. However, they need water, and that means you'll be adding water to the soil around the foundation. This is exactly what you're trying to avoid.
Install a drain tile system: If you want to keep the ground around your home's foundation dry, nothing beats a drain tile system. When it comes to foundation waterproofing, it's a gold standard. There are two types of drain tile systems, exterior and interior. Both are easily installed in existing homes. For more information, see What Is Drain Tile?

If you think your crawl space might need at least one crawl space jack, contact us today to set up an appointment. We serve areas in four states: Nebraska, Iowa, Kansas, and Missouri.

The Basics Of Retaining Walls And Retaining Wall Repair

Dave Epp — Wed, 08 Feb 2023 00:00:00 GMT

Looking for information about retaining wall repair? If so, stick around because that's what we're going to talk about in this article. You'll learn the purpose of retaining walls, why retaining walls fail, repair solutions for a retaining wall, and more.

What Is a Retaining Wall?

A retaining wall is essentially a barrier put up to hold soil back. Retaining walls, which need to be pitched toward the soil being retained, are created using various materials including poured concrete, concrete blocks, brick, and wood.

Why Retaining Walls Fail

Because they're holding back soil (which weighs a lot), retaining walls need to be able to resist lateral force. If they can't do this properly, they will fail. The most common causes of retaining wall failures include the following:

Expansive soil. Expansive soil contains a lot of clay and because of this, it will expand when it soaks up moisture and then shrink when it dries out. Over time, this swelling and shrinking, which is typically seasonal, creates movement in the soil behind the wall. This could eventually cause the retaining wall to fail.
Erosion-prone soil. Some types of soil are prone to erosion and if this happens, it could create voids behind the wall.
Hydrostatic pressure. Poor drainage behind a retaining wall will eventually lead to the build up of hydrostatic pressure, which will exert tremendous force against the wall. If it isn't relieved, the wall will start to bow outward and fail.
No weep holes. Drainage behind a retaining wall is essential so that hydrostatic pressure can't build up. A retaining wall built without weep holes will fail eventually.
No drain tile system. A drain tile system is another essential feature that will prevent hydrostatic pressure from building up. For more information about how a drain tile system works, see What Is Drain Tile? The same principle applies whether it's a drain tile system around a home's foundation or behind a retaining wall.
There's either no footing or there's a problem with the footing. A properly built footing is necessary for a structurally sound retaining wall.
No rebar for reinforcement. The addition of rebar will strengthen a retaining wall.
There's something heavy on the ground above and behind the wall. This might be a large truck, a dumpster, or something else. Whatever it is, if it's heavy, it will exert lateral pressure on the retaining wall.
The soil under the retaining wall's foundation wasn't adequately compacted. Before you begin building a foundation, you need to adequately compact the soil. If this isn't done, the structure could sink into the ground after it's built.
Poor construction. It happens.

Any of the above problems could cause a retaining wall to fail. Fortunately, retaining walls don't need to be torn down and rebuilt. They can be repaired.

Retaining Wall Repair Methods

So, does a failed retaining wall need to be knocked down and rebuilt, or can it be repaired? The good news is that in most cases, we can use either helical anchors or wall plate anchors to repair and stabilize a bowed or tipped retaining wall. Often, several anchors are necessary to properly stabilize a failing retaining wall.

Helical anchors (tiebacks)

Helical anchors look something like giant corkscrews and are used to stabilize both failing retaining walls and failing foundation walls. They're drilled through the wall and deep into the soil behind the wall. They essentially anchor the failing wall to the soil. Stabilizing the wall is the goal; whether any of the movement can be recovered depends on the wall and the soil behind it.

Wall plate anchors

Wall plate anchors are another repair method for stabilizing a failing retaining wall. A plate is attached to the retaining wall and then it's connected to an anchor that has been placed in the soil on the other side of the wall. Wall plate anchors are used to stabilize both retaining walls and foundation walls.

Should I Repair Or Replace My Retaining Wall?

Most of the time, it's less expensive to repair the wall than to tear it down and replace it. If the basic construction of the retaining wall is sound, and the wall can be fixed, it should be fixed rather than replaced.

If the wall wasn't built properly or it's extremely damaged, repair solutions like helical anchors and wall plate anchors could actually end up destroying the wall. A foundation repair contractor will know the best course of action after inspecting the wall.

How To Prevent Retaining Wall Failures

Preventing a retaining wall from failing is always easier than repairing one. Here are some ways to prevent retaining wall failures:

Make sure there's good drainage behind the wall. Poor drainage can cause hydrostatic pressure to build up in the soil and push against the retaining wall. If the pressure isn't relieved, the wall will eventually start to bow outward. Hydrostatic pressure can be prevented by proper drainage. This includes installing a drain tile system and/or weep holes.
Make sure the retaining wall has a good foundation and that the soil was adequately compacted before construction begins. Soil needs to be properly tamped down before you build anything on top of it. If this isn't done, the structure will sink into the ground after it's built.
Hire a reputable contractor to build the retaining wall.

If you think you might need retaining wall repair, contact us today to schedule an inspection. We serve areas in four states: Nebraska, Iowa, Kansas, and Missouri.

Crawl Space Ventilation: Is It Really Necessary?

Dave Epp — Tue, 07 Feb 2023 00:00:00 GMT

Wondering if crawl space ventilation is really necessary? If so, don't hit that back button because that's what we're going to talk about in this article. We're going to go over why you don't want a wet crawl space, whether crawl space ventilation is necessary, whether or not you should seal your crawl space vents, crawl space encapsulation, and more.

Crawl Spaces Are Out Of Sight, But Shouldn't Be Out Of Mind

For many homeowners, maybe even most, the crawl space is not only out of sight, but out of mind as well. That's the wrong attitude though, because conditions in the crawl space have the ability to affect the home's structural integrity and the air quality inside the home's living area. Crawl space conditions can even affect your home's energy efficiency.

Why You Don't Want Moisture In A Crawl Space

You don't want moisture in a crawl space because it will lead to mold growth and wood rot and attract wood-eating pests. All this will eventually affect the structural integrity of the wooden structures in the crawl space, and your home as well since it's sitting atop the crawl space.

A wet crawl space will also affect the quality of the air inside your home. This is because a percentage of air in the crawl space flows up into your home's living area via the stack effect. So, if the crawl space is wet and full of mold, the air in your home will be as well. Understanding the various crawl space mold risks is essential for maintaining a healthy indoor environment for your family. That could cause allergies and other respiratory problems for anyone living in the home.

A damp crawl space also means more humid air in the home, and humid air is harder to both heat and cool. Therefore, a damp crawl space could reduce energy efficiency in the home.

What Are Crawl Space Vents?

You can think of crawl space vents as something like windows for your crawl space. You open them to let air in.

Building codes used to require the installation of crawl space vents for crawl space ventilation. The idea that crawl space moisture could be reduced by opening the vents to allow air to flow into the crawl space seemed to make sense at the time. Today, that thinking has changed.

Is Crawl Space Ventilation Necessary?

Today the consensus is that crawl space ventilation is not only unnecessary, but actually increases moisture in the crawl space. Open crawl space vents allow warm, moist air to enter and condense on cooler surfaces, creating moisture. Homeowners often weigh crawl space vent pros and cons before realizing that an open system frequently does more harm than good in humid climates. As we noted above, humid, moist crawl spaces promote mold growth, wood rot, and offer an environment where termites and other wood-eating pests can thrive. Moisture in a crawl space can also cause insulation to get wet and fall down, creating cold floors during the winter.

Should I Seal My Crawl Space Vents?

Yes, today you'll find that most foundation repair contractors advise homeowners to seal their crawl space vents and encapsulate the crawl space.

The Best Way To Get A Clean, Dry Crawl Space: Drain Tile And Crawl Space Encapsulation

If you want a clean, dry crawl space that you can use to store things like tools and holiday decorations, we recommend installing a drain tile system along with full crawl space encapsulation.

Drain Tile System

A drain tile system is the ultimate waterproofing solution because it prevents excess moisture from building up in the soil around the foundation. There are two types of drain tile systems: exterior and interior. Both can be installed in an existing home.

Exterior drain tile systems

An exterior drain tile system is installed around the outside perimeter of the house at the footing level. The general installation procedure is as follows:

The first step is excavation down to the footing.
A shallow trench is dug around the perimeter of the foundation and then lined with gravel.
A perforated drainage pipe is placed into the trench and then covered with more gravel.
The excavated soil is replaced.

Now, any excess moisture in the soil will enter the drainage pipe and get channeled toward the sump pit. Once the pit fills with water, the sump pump will turn on and eject the water away from the foundation.

Interior drain tile systems

A crawl space drain tile system is installed around the inside perimeter of a basement or crawl space. The installation is as follows:

A shallow trench is dug around the inside perimeter of the basement or crawl space. (Obviously, if a drain tile system is being installed in a basement, the floor will need to be broken up.)
The shallow trench is lined with gravel.
A perforated drainage pipe is placed into the trench and covered with more gravel.
If the basement is going to be finished, the trench will be covered. Sometimes, if the basement isn't going to be finished, the gravel trench is left open. In a crawl space, the gravel trench is left open.

Excess moisture in the soil flows into the drainage pipe and toward the sump pit. When the pit is full, the sump pump kicks in and ejects the water away from the foundation.

Crawl Space Encapsulation

Crawl space encapsulation involves sealing the crawl space vents and covering the floor and walls of the crawl space with a thick, plastic vapor retarding barrier. For a step-by-step breakdown, read how Epp handles crawl space vapor barrier installation, what goes into a sealed floor and wall barrier, and why crawl space dehumidifier installation comes last.

Other Things You Can Do To Help Your Crawl Space Stay Dry

You can help your home's crawl space stay dry by making sure there's no excess moisture in the ground around the crawl space. Here are some ways to do that:

Don't plant flowers, shrubs, small trees, etc., next to the house. When you water them, you'll be adding water to the ground around the foundation and this is what you're trying to avoid.
Regrade your yard, if necessary, so that it slopes away from the foundation. You don't want water draining toward the foundation.
Clean your gutters regularly so they're not clogged with dead leaves and other debris. This can cause water to spill over the gutters and soak the soil around the foundation.
Install crawl space downspout extensions so that runoff is carried at least four feet from the foundation before being released. These external maintenance steps are a critical part of overall crawl space moisture control and protecting your foundation.

If you're concerned about crawl space ventilation and you're in our Nebraska, Kansas, Iowa, or Missouri service area, contact us today for a crawl space evaluation.

Sump Pumps, How They Work And Sump Pump Alternatives

Dave Epp — Tue, 03 Jan 2023 00:00:00 GMT

Looking for information about sump pump alternatives? If so, this article has what you need. We're going to talk about what sump pumps are, how they're used, sump pump alternatives, the fact that water causes most foundation problems, and more.

What Is A Sump Pump?

A sump pump is a piece of equipment designed to control groundwater around the foundation. Sump pumps are placed in either a basement or a crawl space, depending on the type of foundation. A sump pump's job is to collect excess water in the soil around the foundation and expel it away from the foundation.

Water Causes Most Foundation Problems

Many homeowners are surprised to learn that most foundation problems are caused by water. When there's excess water in the soil around the foundation, bad things happen. A lack of water in the soil around a foundation can also cause trouble. Here are a couple of ways too much water in the soil can cause problems for a foundation:

Hydrostatic pressure

Excess moisture in the ground around a foundation that can't drain off will cause hydrostatic pressure to build up and push against the foundation wall. If the pressure isn't relieved, the wall will eventually start to bow inward and even crack.

Differential settlement

Differential settlement is when a foundation settles into the soil unevenly (see the illustration below). If it isn't corrected, differential settlement can cause severe structural damage.

Excess water in the soil around the foundation is a common cause of differential settlement. Therefore, controlling groundwater around the foundation is the best way to prevent foundation trouble. While sump pumps are frequently used as part of a drain tile system, there are other ways to ensure the soil around your foundation doesn't get waterlogged that are less expensive. Keep in mind that they might not be as effective, though.

What Is A Sump Pump Used For?

Since water causes most foundation problems, sump pumps are used, along with a drain tile system, to expel collected water away from the foundation. In other words, sump pumps help keep groundwater under control around the foundation.

How A Sump Pump Works

A sump pump, along with a sump pit, is part of a drain tile system. The purpose of a drain tile system is to prevent excess moisture from building up in the soil around the foundation. Here's how it works:

A drain tile system includes three basic parts: a buried, perforated drainage pipe, a sump pit, and a sump pump. Excess moisture in the soil flows into the drainage pipe and gets channeled toward the sump pit. When the sump pit is full, the sump pump turns on and ejects the water away from the foundation.

For more information, see our guide to basement drain systems.

When You Might Need A Sump Pump

You might need a sump pump if you have:

A wet basement. A wet basement is a sign there's excess moisture in the soil around the foundation.
You live in an area where it rains a lot. A sump pump ensures the excess moisture is collected and then released away from the foundation.
You live in an area prone to floods. While a sump pump obviously can't save your house from a massive flood, it can help protect your property against minor flooding.

You're highly unlikely to need a sump pump if you live in an arid region.

Sump Pump Alternatives

Although a drain tile system, which includes a sump pump, is the best way to control groundwater around a foundation, there are some other things you can do to prevent excess soil moisture:

Clean your gutters regularly. Gutters that are clogged with dead leaves and other debris can lead to water spilling over the side of the house and soaking the ground around the foundation.
Don't plant water-hungry vegetation next to the foundation.
Install downspout extensions. If your downspouts are too short, they will release water too close to the foundation. Downspout extensions are inexpensive, easy to install, and will carry water away from the foundation before releasing it.
Install an underground downspout and pop-up emitter. Runoff flows into the underground downspout and toward a pop-up emitter situated around 10 feet or so from the foundation. (It's barely visible until it pops up.) When the pop-up emitter is full of water, it pops up and releases it away from the foundation. It then pops back down.
Regrade your yard. The yard around your home should slope away from the foundation. If it doesn't, water will drain toward and pool around the foundation. This is what you're trying to avoid.
Install a French drain. A French drain installed somewhere in your yard is a great way to collect excess water and direct it away from the foundation.

Common Signs Of Foundation Problems

All homeowners should be familiar with the common signs of foundation problems. These include:

Cracks in walls, floors, and ceilings
Windows and doors that no longer open and close properly
Stair step cracks in brick or masonry
Uneven floors
One or more walls that are separating from the ceiling or floor
Torn wallpaper. This is a sign the wall behind the wallpaper might be cracked.
Moldings that are separating from the ceiling or wall
Chimneys and porches that are tilting away from the house
Gaps around doors and windows

If you're interested in foundation waterproofing, including sump pump alternatives, contact us today for a foundation evaluation. We serve Lincoln basement waterproofing customers, and our Omaha waterproofing crews cover the metro, along with Grand Island, Kearney, Nebraska, Missouri, Iowa and parts of Northeastern Kansas. See our service area page for more information.

What Is A Poured Concrete Foundation?

Dave Epp — Sat, 05 Nov 2022 00:00:00 GMT

Wondering what a poured concrete foundation is exactly? If so, this short article has what you need. You will learn what a poured foundation is, understand the differences between a poured foundation and a concrete block foundation, be able to explain the pros of a poured foundation, and more.

What Is A Poured Concrete Foundation?

A poured concrete foundation is a type of foundation for buildings and homes made by pouring concrete into a mold on the construction site. The process involves creating a form, usually from wood, and then pouring a concrete mixture into it to create a solid foundation wall.

One of the benefits of a poured concrete foundation is that it is very strong and durable, which means it can support heavy buildings and resist damage from natural disasters such as earthquakes and hurricanes. It is also resistant to moisture and pests, making it a popular choice in areas with high humidity or termite problems.

Another advantage of a poured concrete foundation is that it can be customized to fit the specific needs of a building or home. For example, the thickness and shape of the foundation can be adjusted to meet the load-bearing requirements of the structure and the soil conditions of the site.

How Poured Foundations Are Built

The foundation walls of a poured concrete foundation are built by pouring concrete into forms, usually made from wood, which serve as molds. The concrete is mixed on the construction site, and the molds (referred to as formwork) hold and give shape to the concrete. Today, rebar is added to the formwork before the concrete is poured. The addition of rebar makes the foundation wall stronger. After the concrete dries and hardens, the formwork is removed. Poured walls are usually 8 to 10 inches thick.

Is A Poured Foundation Better Than A Concrete Block Foundation?

We would not say a poured foundation is better than a concrete block foundation. Both foundation types have been used for decades and have pros and cons.

Poured foundation walls can better resist water leaks than concrete block foundation walls because they are one piece, but they are not impenetrable. They can still crack and leak.

While concrete block foundations are better able to support weight on top of them, they are more susceptible to bowing from lateral and hydrostatic pressure than poured foundations.

Poured foundations are faster to build. However, you will need to transport the concrete to the construction site, which can be expensive. In contrast, concrete blocks are already made. While buying what you need and transporting the blocks to the construction site is fairly easy, you will need skilled masons to place the blocks.

Because you can shape them however you like, poured foundations allow for architectural design features that would not be possible with concrete blocks. Poured foundations are also more resistant to fire because they are not hollow. However, concrete block foundation walls are often filled with concrete in addition to reinforcing steel.

The Downsides Of Poured Foundations

The downsides of poured concrete walls include the following.

Poured foundations cannot be built when the weather is very cold or hot because the temperature affects the concrete curing process.
Poured foundations can leak through the cove joint, where the basement floor and wall meet. For more on water leakage through the cove joint, see Why Merely Sealing the Basement Wall Floor Joint Isn't Enough.
Poured concrete foundations can also leak through the top of the foundation wall.
The construction of poured foundations requires formwork, which must be set up and then taken down.
Although poured foundation walls are more resistant to water leakage than concrete block foundation walls, they are not impenetrable.

Waterproofing A Poured Concrete Foundation

Since most foundation problems are water related, you can help prevent trouble by controlling groundwater around the foundation. Here are some ways to do that.

Do not plant anything near the foundation. Flowers, shrubs, and other vegetation might look beautiful against the side of your house. However, they need water, which means you will add water to the soil around the foundation. This is what you are trying to avoid.
If your gutters are clogged, clean them. Gutters should be debris free so that water does not spill over the side of the house and soak the soil around the foundation.
Make sure your downspouts are not releasing water too close to the foundation. If they are too short, downspout extensions are easy to install and will carry water away from the foundation before releasing it.
An underground downspout and pop up emitter is another option. Runoff flows into the underground downspout and toward the pop up emitter in your yard, approximately 10 feet from your foundation. When the pop up emitter is empty (no water in it), it sits flush with the ground and is barely visible. When it fills with water, it pops up and releases the water away from the foundation.
Install a drain tile system, either interior or exterior. A drain tile system is an excellent way to prevent excess moisture from building up in the soil around the foundation. For more on how they work, see How Does A Drain Tile System Work?.

If you think there might be a problem with your poured foundation and you are in our service area in Nebraska, Iowa, Kansas, and Missouri, contact us today, and we will come out for an evaluation and repair estimate.

When to Walk Away From Foundation Issues

Dave Epp — Mon, 03 Oct 2022 00:00:00 GMT

Are you buying a house and wondering when to walk away from foundation issues? Maybe you're wondering if you should walk away. Maybe you think it might be OK to buy a house with foundation issues. Well, the short answer is not every foundation issue should be a deal breaker.

In this article we'll talk about the causes of foundation problems, what you need to know about buying a house with a foundation problem, when to walk away from foundation issues, getting a foundation inspection, and more.

Keep in mind this information is coming from the perspective of a foundation repair contractor, not a real estate agent.

What Is A Foundation?

A foundation is what a building sits on. It's the lowest part of the structure and transfers the building's load to the ground. There are three types of foundations:

Slab
Basement
Crawl space

Slab and crawl space foundations are above ground. Basement foundations are below ground.

Foundations are built using poured concrete, cinderblock, or brick. For more information see Foundation Repair Methods.

What Does It Mean To Say A House Has A Foundation Problem?

When we say a house has a "foundation problem" we're saying the foundation the house sits on has some type of damage. This damage to the foundation can cause structural damage to the house's frame and result in things like wall cracks, uneven floors, and doors and windows that no longer open and close properly.

Although it might sound scary, structural damage doesn't necessarily mean the house is unsafe to live in. Some homeowners live in houses with structural damage for years. We don't recommend anyone do this because foundation problems always get worse over time. If you wait, you'll end up paying more to repair the damage. So, you want to catch foundation issues early before they turn into big problems that cost far more to fix.

For more information see Structural or Non-Structural? Understanding Foundation Cracks.

What Causes Foundation Problems?

Foundation problems are caused by various things including:

Poor drainage around the foundation. If there's excess water in the soil around a foundation that can't drain off, hydrostatic pressure will build up and start pushing against the foundation. Hydrostatic pressure is powerful enough to cause basement foundation walls to bow inward and even crack. The best way to prevent hydrostatic pressure from building up is to install a drain tile system.
Expansive soil. Expansive soil has a lot of clay in it. Because of this it expands a lot when it soaks up moisture and shrinks when it dries out. Over time, this swelling and shrinking cycle creates movement under the foundation which can cause foundation problems.
Frost heave. Soil will expand when it freezes and push against the foundation, raising it slightly. Over time, this will cause foundation trouble.
Soil that wasn't adequately compacted before construction began. Soil needs to be properly tamped down before anything is built on top of it. If this isn't done, the structure will sink unevenly into the soil after it's built leading to problems with the foundation.
Weather changes. An example of this would be building a new house on expansive soil during the dry season. When the wet season returns, the soil swells, pushing the house upward.
Natural disasters. We probably don't need to explain how natural disasters can cause foundation problems.
Extensive digging next to the foundation. If your neighbor starts digging a big hole too close to your foundation, it could destabilize the soil under your house leading to foundation trouble.

Can Foundation Issues Be Fixed?

Yes, foundation problems can almost always be fixed. Foundations rarely need to be replaced. However, some foundation repairs are more expensive than others. Usually, the more expensive the repair, the longer a homeowner waited before taking action. If you catch foundation issues early before they turn into big problems, you'll save money.

Always Get A Foundation Inspection Before Buying A House

Always get a foundation repair contractor or a structural engineer to inspect the house before you sign anything. You may also want to review a foundation inspection checklist yourself so you know exactly what the pros are looking for during their walkthrough. While sellers are required by law to tell you about any foundation problems, they may not realize there's anything structurally wrong with the house. Foundation problems aren't always obvious. A homeowner might think a problem is simply poor workmanship when it's actually a sign of foundation trouble.

Buying A House With Foundation Issues

A foundation problem shouldn't be a deal breaker when buying a house. Foundation problems happen, even when a house was built properly. However, you'll need to figure out what needs to be fixed and how much it will cost so you can figure that into your offer.

When To Walk Away From Foundation Issues

You should walk away from a house with foundation issues if the problem will cost too much to fix and the seller won't lower the price to compensate.

Because we know someone reading this is considering it...

Yes, you can live in a house with a foundation problem, for a period of time. However, you shouldn't. Foundation problems worsen over time and will cost more to repair if you wait. In some cases, a foundation issue left unrepaired can develop into a much larger and more expensive repair. So, if you're tempted to buy the house and live with the problem for a little while, walk away.

How Much Does Foundation Repair Cost?

The cost of foundation repair depends on the problem, where you live, and the chosen repair solution. Understanding foundation repair cost considerations can help you determine if a particular property is a sound investment or a financial risk. A minor crack repair and a full underpinning project sit at very different ends of the range.

How Can Foundation Problems Be Avoided?

Since most foundation problems are caused by water, you can avoid trouble by controlling groundwater around the foundation. Regrade your yard, keep vegetation away from the house, clean your gutters, install downspout extensions, and think seriously about a drain tile system.

Common Signs A House Has Foundation Problems

Common signs of a foundation problem include:

Stair step cracks in brickwork or masonry
Uneven floors
Doors and windows that don't open and close properly
Wall cracks
Floor cracks
Ceiling cracks
Torn or wrinkled wallpaper (the wall behind the wallpaper might be cracked)
Leaning chimney or porch
Molding that's separating from the wall or ceiling
Bowed walls, with or without cracking
Floors that feel spongy when you walk on them (this is a sign there's something wrong with a crawl space foundation)
Wet basement

Recognizing serious foundation damage signs early can keep a manageable issue from turning into a much larger repair.

If you notice any sign of foundation problems in your home in the Omaha, NE region, including bowing basement walls, foundation cracks, sloping floors, or sticking windows, Epp Foundation Repair offers tailored foundation repair solutions to address your concerns. As your local foundation repair expert in Omaha, NE, we are equipped to meet your needs effectively. Contact us to schedule your free inspection today.

Why is Water Coming Into My Basement Where The Walls Meet the Floor?

Dave Epp — Sun, 14 Aug 2022 00:00:00 GMT

Wondering why you have water coming into the basement where the walls meet the floor? If so, stick around because that's what we're going to talk about in this article.

Unfortunately, wet basements are pretty common. However, they're not something you should just live with. Wet basements can damage both your home's structural integrity and your health. So, a wet basement needs to be fixed.

In this article, we're going to talk about the cove joint, where the basement wall meets the floor. You'll learn why water sometimes comes through the cove joint and into the basement, why you can't just seal the cove joint, the right way to stop water coming into the basement where the walls meet the floor, and more. However, before we do that, we need to talk about hydrostatic pressure.

What is Hydrostatic Pressure?

Hydrostatic pressure builds up outside foundation walls when there's excess moisture in the soil around a foundation that can't drain off. If hydrostatic pressure isn't relieved via a good drainage system, it will exert tremendous force against the foundation wall. Eventually, the wall will start to bow inward and even crack.

Hydrostatic pressure will also push water through cracks in the foundation wall that aren't visible to the naked eye. Hydrostatic pressure is something you don't want in the soil around your foundation.

The Cove Joint: Where the Basement Wall Meets the Floor

The cove joint is where the basement floor meets the foundation wall and the footer. See the below graphic and note that the foundation (i.e., basement) wall, the footer, and the basement floor are three separate pieces. This is just the way houses are constructed.

Why is Water Coming Into the Basement Where the Walls Meet the Floor?

The foundation wall, footer, and basement floor are three separate pieces. This is why water can find its way into the basement via the cove joint if hydrostatic pressure builds up in the soil around the foundation because of poor drainage. Hydrostatic pressure will push water in the soil through the cove joint and into the basement.

It's important to note that this isn't caused by any type of foundation problem. It happens because the foundation wall, footer, and basement floor are not fused together. They are three separate building blocks.

Signs of a leak through the cove joint are water on the floor and on the wall near the floor.

Can't You Just Seal the Cove Joint?

No, merely sealing the cove joint will not solve the problem. If hydrostatic pressure has built up in the soil around the foundation, the water will simply find a new way into the basement. For example, if there's a hairline crack in the foundation wall, hydrostatic pressure will push the water through it. Hydrostatic pressure could even push water through any seal you've created.

Water always finds a way. Therefore, the best way to stop water from coming into the basement where the walls meet the floor is to prevent the water from building up in the soil in the first place.

So, How To Stop Water from Coming into the Basement Where the Walls Meet the Floor?

Since poor drainage around the foundation causes hydrostatic pressure to build up and push water through the cove joint, the solution to the problem is good drainage. When there's good drainage in the soil around the foundation, hydrostatic pressure won't build up because there's no excess water in the soil. The best way to ensure good drainage around a foundation is to install a drain tile system.

What Is a Drain Tile System and How Does It Work?

A drain tile system is a way of controlling groundwater around a foundation. A drain tile system makes sure any excess water in the soil has a way to drain off. This prevents hydrostatic pressure from building up and keeps your basement dry.

There are two types of drain tile systems: exterior and interior. An exterior drain tile system is installed along the outside perimeter of the foundation at the footer level. An interior drain tile system is installed around the inside perimeter of the basement wall. In both cases, a shallow trench is dug and lined with gravel. A perforated drainage pipe is placed into the trench and then covered with more gravel. Excess water flows into the drainage pipe and gets channeled toward a sump pit. Once the sump pit fills with water, a sump pump kicks in and expels the water away from the foundation.

For more detailed information about drain tile systems, see our basement drain systems guide.

Drain tile systems are considered a gold standard for basement waterproofing. However, if you don't want to pay for a drain tile system right now, there are some other things you can do to control groundwater around your foundation.

Other Ways To Keep Water From Coming Into Your Basement Where the Walls Meet the Floor

Apart from a drain tile system, there are other things you can do that will help keep water from coming into the basement where the walls meet the floor (i.e., through the cove joint). These include:

Clean your gutters regularly: if your gutters are clogged with dead leaves and other debris, water could spill over the side of the house and into the soil around the foundation.
Regrade your yard: your yard should slope away from the foundation. If it slopes toward the foundation, water will drain toward the foundation. You don't want this.
Install downspout extensions: if your downspouts are too short, they'll release water too close to the foundation. Extensions are inexpensive and easy to install.
Install an underground downspout and pop-up emitter: water from the gutter flows into the underground downspout and toward a pop-up emitter somewhere in your yard, about 10 feet from the foundation. When the pop-up emitter is empty, it's barely visible. When it fills with water, it pops up and releases the water away from the foundation.
Keep all vegetation away from the foundation: flowers, shrubs, and trees look beautiful next to a foundation. However, when you water them, you'll add more water to the soil. This is what you're trying to avoid.

Wondering why water is coming into your basement where the walls meet the floor? Contact us today if you're in our service area, which covers Lincoln waterproofing crews and Omaha waterproofing service, plus Grand Island, Kearney, Nebraska, Missouri, Iowa and parts of Northeastern Kansas. We'll come out for an inspection and give you a repair estimate.

Can Tree Roots Damage A Foundation?

Dave Epp — Mon, 11 Jul 2022 00:00:00 GMT

Can tree roots damage a foundation? Yes, they can. While trees look beautiful around a home, the root systems of some trees can damage your foundation if the trees are planted too close to your home. Their root systems "drink" water from the soil, drying it out and creating voids under the foundation. If the home sinks into these voids, it will lead to expensive foundation repairs.

This article will cover the basics of how soil and tree roots interact, how tree roots can damage a foundation, signs tree roots might be damaging your home's foundation, and more.

Soil and Tree Roots

Tree roots extend through the soil to seek out nutrients and water. How this affects the soil depends on the type of soil experiencing the root movement. For example, dense soil with a lot of clay will compact as the roots push through it. During dry weather, clay-rich soil will dry up and shrink. As this happens, any tree roots in the soil will also shrink because there's no water for them to soak up. When it starts raining again, the clay-rich soil absorbs moisture and expands again. The tree roots also expand because they're now able to soak up moisture once more.

This shrinking and swelling cycle, which is usually seasonal, creates movement under the foundation. Eventually, this movement could lead to something called "differential settlement." Understanding the relationship between soil and foundation movement is crucial for homeowners with large trees near their property. This is when the home settles unevenly into the soil. Differential settlement puts a lot of stress on a foundation, leading to structural damage and costly repairs.

See the below graphic for a visual depiction of differential settlement.

Other types of soil are also affected by tree roots pushing through it as they grow. For example, if the soil is loose, the roots will move the soil around as they push through it. This can also lead to the formation of voids and differential settlement.

Can Tree Roots Damage a Foundation?

So, can tree roots damage a foundation? Yes. However, the damage isn't directly caused by the roots. It's caused by the roots moving the soil around the foundation leading to differential settlement. In other words, the tree roots are destabilizing the soil under the foundation, and this leads to the destabilization of the foundation itself.

In some cases, though, tree roots can directly cause damage to a home's foundation. An example is when tree roots, looking for water and nutrients, find and enter existing foundation cracks and make them bigger.

Tree roots can damage sidewalks, driveways, etc., in the same way they damage foundations, either indirectly by causing movement in the soil under the slab or directly by pushing up against the slab. We've probably all seen examples of this on city streets.

Signs Tree Roots May Be Damaging Your Foundation

Differential settlement is a sign tree roots might be causing damage to your home's foundation. As we pointed out above, tree roots usually don't directly damage foundations. Instead, they cause damage by creating movement in the soil under the foundation, which leads to differential settlement. Homeowners should stay alert for various signs of foundation damage, such as cracks or sticking doors, which indicate the structure is shifting.

Signs of differential settlement include:

Windows and doors that don't open and close properly.
Wall cracks. Note that horizontal wall cracks more often point to lateral soil pressure than to settlement.
Diagonal wall cracks from the corners of doors and windows
Floor cracks, especially floor cracks going all the way across the floor. A crack limited to one or two tiles was probably caused when something fell on the floor.
Uneven floors
Stairstep cracks in brick or masonry
Torn wallpaper. (The wall behind the wallpaper might be cracked.)
Ceilings and floors that are separating from the walls
Moldings that are separating from the wall or ceiling
Chimneys or porches that are pulling away from the house

For more information see Structural or Non-Structural? Understanding Foundation Cracks.

What to Do if a Tree Has Damaged Your Home's Foundation

If a tree has damaged your home's foundation, speak with a tree specialist to see what they recommend you do about the tree itself. Possible solutions include trimming the roots, installing a root barrier, or removing the tree. Of course, you'll also need to contact a foundation repair contractor regarding repair solutions that will fix the damage. Reviewing a guide on professional foundation repair methods can clarify how specialists stabilize a home sinking into soil voids.

Which Trees Are More Likely to Damage a Foundation?

Although we recommend keeping all trees at least 20 feet from your home's foundation, the following trees are more likely to damage foundations:

Oak
Ash
Poplar
Maple (Norway and Silver)
Black locust
Boxelder
Spruce (Brewer's weeping and Norway)
Walnut
Sycamore
Cottonwood

Note: At Epp Foundation Repair, we're not tree specialists. We repair the damage to your foundation caused by trees. We recommend contacting a professional landscaper for in-depth information about these trees and how their root systems interact with the soil and foundations.

How to Prevent Tree Roots From Damaging a Foundation

The best way to prevent tree roots from damaging a foundation is to keep large trees at least 20 feet away from the foundation. You should keep other types of vegetation such as shrubs and flowers at least 10 feet away from the foundation. We always emphasize foundation inspection importance when mature trees are present, as early detection of root-related shifts is key to lowering repair costs. For more information, see The Importance Of Proper Foundation Drainage Around Your Home.

If tree roots have damaged your home's foundation and you're in our service area in Nebraska, Iowa, Kansas, or Missouri, contact us today for an inspection and repair estimate. The top cities we serve are Lincoln, Omaha, Grand Island, Kearney, Norfolk, and many more.

Basement Mold Types

Dave Epp — Sat, 11 Jun 2022 00:00:00 GMT

Looking for information on basement mold types? If so, don't hit that back button because we're going to talk about basement mold types in this article.

If you have mold in your basement, don't despair. Mold in basements is very common because basements are located below ground and tend to be damp.

Why Do Basements Get Moldy?

As we mentioned above, basements get moldy because they're often damp and contain stuff on which mold can grow. In other words, basements are the perfect petri dish for mold growth. However, basements aren't destined to be damp and moldy. It's possible to have a basement dry enough to live in. We'll tell you how to achieve this later in the article.

For more information, see how interior drain tile systems work.

Mold in Your Basement Isn't Healthy

Mold is an allergen and can trigger allergies, asthma, and other respiratory issues. Mold can also trigger other health problems and is especially bad for children, the elderly, and anyone whose immune system is already compromised.

Now, you may think that as long as you're not living in your basement, you can put up with a bit of mold. You don't want to do that. A certain percentage of air in your basement flows up and into your home's living area due to the stack effect. So, if you have mold in your basement, you'll have mold spores in the rest of the home.

Basement Mold Types

The following are the most common types of mold found in basements:

Alternaria is usually black, brown, or gray and has a cotton-like texture.

Aspergillus might be black, white, yellow, green, brown, or gray.

Cladosporium is either black or green and likes fabrics, carpets, and wood surfaces.

Penicillium smells bad, spreads quickly, and is bluish or greenish.

Stachybotrys Chartarum is a black mold commonly found around leaky pipes.

Truth Is, All Mold in Your Basement Is Bad

Homeowners sometimes get hung up on the type of mold. However, the truth is all

basement mold types are bad. You don't want any mold in your home's basement and getting rid of it is the same whether it's black mold or something else.

Is It Mold, or Is It Efflorescence?

Sometimes, what looks like mold isn't mold. It's something called efflorescence. Efflorescence happens when water seeps through a basement wall and leaves behind what are basically salt deposits. It's white, looks kind of like mold, but isn't mold. There are no health problems associated with efflorescence. However, the presence of efflorescence means there's a moisture problem in the basement.

Where You'll Find The Above Basement Mold Types

You'll find the above basement mold types on various items in the basement, including:

Drywall
Wood, including furniture, framing, floors, and stored wood items. Mold really likes wood.
Fabrics, including curtains, upholstery, clothing, etc.
The home's HVAC system. Mold often forms around condensation on or in ducts and the drip pan. Once mold gets into your HVAC system, it will spread throughout the home.
Pipes
Drains

How to Get Rid of Mold in Your Basement

Properly removing a large amount of basement mold requires a professional mold remediation specialist. However, you can probably get rid of small amounts yourself. See the EPA's Mold Cleanup in Your Home for more information.

Prevent Basement Mold via a Drain Tile System

After you get rid of any existing basement mold, you'll have to take some steps to ensure it doesn't return. The best way to do that is to properly waterproof your basement via a drain tile system. A drain tile system isn't merely a barrier erected to keep water out of the basement. A drain tile system works by preventing water from building up in the soil around the foundation. If the soil around your home's foundation is dry, there's no water to get into your basement.

How a Drain Tile System Works

A drain tile basement waterproofing system works by making sure any excess water in the soil around the foundation is channeled into a sump pit and then expelled away from the foundation by gravity or a sump pump. There are two types of drain tile systems: exterior and interior.

Exterior drain tile system

An exterior drain tile system is installed around the outside perimeter of your home's foundation at the footing level.

The first step involves excavation down to the footing.
Next, a shallow trench is dug and lined with gravel.
A perforated drain pipe is placed in the trench and covered with gravel.
The excavated soil is replaced.

Now, any excess water in the soil around the foundation will enter the drainage pipe and be channeled into the sump pit. Once the sump pit fills with water, the sump pump will turn on and expel it away from the foundation. Depending on how your yard is graded, a sump pump might not be necessary and the water can be expelled via gravity.

Interior drain tile system

An interior drain tile system is installed around the inside perimeter of your basement. This means using a jackhammer to break up the floor.

The first step involves breaking up the basement floor and digging a shallow trench around the inside perimeter of the basement.
The trench is lined with gravel, and a drainage pipe is placed in it and covered with more gravel.
If the basement is not going to be finished, the drainage trench might be left uncovered. If you're going to finish the basement, the trench will be covered, and the floor will look like it did before.

Excess water in the soil under the foundation will now flow into the drainage pipe and toward the sump pit. When the sump pit is full of water, the sump pump will kick in and expel it away from the foundation.

We don't recommend installing a drain tile system as a DIY project. It's better to leave this one to the pros.

Prevent Basement Mold By Controlling Groundwater Around Foundation

You can help prevent basement mold by controlling groundwater around the foundation. Ways you can do this include:

Regrade your yard so that it slopes away from the foundation. Water will drain around the foundation if the yard slopes toward your home.
Clean your gutters regularly, so they correctly channel water toward the downspouts. You don't want water spilling over the side of your home and into the soil around the foundation.
Install downspout extensions that will carry water several feet away from the foundation before releasing it.
Install an underground downspout and pop-up emitter. Water from the gutters flows into the underground downspout and toward the pop-up emitter situated in your yard, 10 feet or so away from the foundation. When the basin fills with water, the pop-up emitter pops up and releases the water.
Don't plant water-hungry vegetation near the foundation.

Prevent Basement Mold By Dehumidification

Another way to prevent basement mold is via dehumidification. Dehumidification will keep your basement humidity below 50% preventing mold growth. Here at Epp Foundation Repair we use Aprilaire dehumidifiers.

If you're dealing with basement mold and you're in our service area, which covers Lincoln basement waterproofing and Omaha basement waterproofing, plus Grand Island, Kearney, Nebraska, Missouri, Iowa and parts of Northeastern Kansas, contact us today for an inspection and repair estimate.

What Is the Ideal Basement Humidity Level?

Dave Epp — Sat, 21 May 2022 00:00:00 GMT

Are you looking for information regarding the ideal basement humidity level? If so, stick around because this article covers what you need to know about ideal basement humidity.

Basements tend to be more humid than the rest of the house because they're surrounded by soil. Since increased humidity promotes mold and mildew growth, homeowners should try to keep their home's basement at an ideal basement humidity level.

What Is the Ideal Basement Humidity Level?

A humidity level over 50 percent will encourage mold growth. So, if you're wondering if 60 percent humidity is too high for a basement, yeah, it is. The ideal basement humidity shouldn't go over 50 percent.

During the Summer

The outside air is warm and more humid during the summer than during other seasons. When this air flows into the basement, the humidity level could rise enough to cause mold growth. Many homeowners use a dehumidifier to keep the basement humidity level between 30 and 50 percent during the summer.

During the Winter

Because the outside humidity level is lower during the winter, the ideal basement humidity level will also be lower: between 25 and 40 percent if you live in an area where the winter temperature often drops below 20 degrees Fahrenheit.

Why Are Basements Humid?

Basements are humid for various reasons, including:

Basements are humid because they're surrounded by soil. If there's excess water in the soil and poor drainage, hydrostatic pressure will build up and press against the foundation wall with enough force to push water through invisible cracks in the foundation. Hydrostatic pressure can even cause foundation walls to crack and bow inward, affecting your home's structural integrity. For more information, see our guide to hydrostatic pressure and wet basements.
You're doing something in the basement that creates humidity. Examples of this include operating an unvented clothes dryer, cooking, using a shower, etc.
Humid, warmer air flows in from outside and condenses on colder surfaces. This could look like water coming through the foundation wall, but it's just condensation.
Moisture from new concrete. In new homes, moisture can come from the concrete itself because there's always a certain amount of moisture in freshly poured concrete.

Why You Don't Want a Humid Basement

You don't want a humid basement because humid basements are a petri dish for mold and mildew and some of the air in the basement flows up and into the rest of your home. That means potential respiratory problems for anyone living in the home as they inhale various allergens.

Damp, humid basements also can't be used as living spaces. Damp basements are also not a good place to store anything valuable. The most you can do with a damp basement is use it as a laundry room.

Finally, a damp, humid basement lowers your property value.

Signs of a High Basement Humidity Level

Signs your home's basement might be more humid than it should be include:

There's water coming through one or more foundation walls. This is a sign of excess water in the soil outside the foundation wall, poor drainage, and a build-up of hydrostatic pressure. Water is being pushed through the foundation wall and into the basement.
The basement walls feel damp. This might be from excess moisture outside the foundation wall or condensation.
There's standing water in the basement. This is an obvious sign something is wrong.
There's a ring of dampness around the base of the basement wall. Water is being drawn up through the concrete via capillary suction.
The basement feels humid. If it feels humid, it probably is humid. Have you used a hygrometer to test the basement humidity level?
There's condensation on basement walls, floor, and other surfaces during the summer. This happens when the warmer outside air flows in and comes into contact with colder basement surfaces.
There's a musty smell in the basement.
Carpet or wood structures in the basement are moldy and/or deteriorating.
There's efflorescence on the walls or floor. Efflorescence is salt deposits left behind after water intrusion. It has a chalky appearance.
There are water stains on the walls or floor.

How to Lower Basement Humidity

Use a Dehumidifier And/or Air Conditioner During the Summer

If the problem is happening during the summer, the solution is to make sure the warmer, more humid air can't enter the basement during the summer. You could do this by closing the windows and running a dehumidifier. (You could also run an air conditioner. However, a dehumidifier works best for dehumidification and it works for the entire house.)

Crack the Windows During the Winter

During the winter, when the air is colder outside, you could do the opposite. Crack the windows to allow fresh, dry air to enter the basement.

Use Vents and Exhaust Fans

How you lower the basement humidity level depends on what's causing the excess humidity. If an unvented clothes dryer or a shower is causing the increased humidity level, the solution is to vent the dryer or install an exhaust fan in the shower.

Install a Drain Tile System

If your basement is humid because there's poor drainage around your foundation and hydrostatic pressure is pushing water through the foundation wall, there's only one truly effective solution: a drain tile system.

How a Drain Tile System Works

A drain tile system works by preventing excess water from building up in the soil around the foundation. There are two types of drain tile systems: exterior and interior. The exterior drain tile system is installed along the perimeter of the foundation wall at the footing level, while the interior drain tile system is installed under the basement floor. Both involve using a buried perforated pipe to channel excess moisture toward a sump pit, where it's ejected away from the foundation via a sump pump.

A drain tile system is not a DIY project. An exterior drain tile system involves excavation down to the footer level, and an interior drain tile system requires using a jackhammer to break up the basement floor. Most people hire a foundation repair contractor to install a drain tile system. For more information, see our guide to how drain tile works.

Other Ways to Lower the Humidity Level in Your Basement

If the high humidity level in your basement is being caused by excess groundwater around the foundation and poor drainage, there are a few other things you can do in addition to adding a drain tile system:

Clean your gutters regularly, so water doesn't spill over the side of your home and into the soil next to the foundation
If your downspouts are releasing water next to the foundation, install extensions that will carry the water at least 10 feet from the foundation before releasing it.
Your yard should slope away from the foundation. If it doesn't, regrade it. A landscaping professional can help you with this.
Don't plant water-hungry vegetation next to the foundation. You don't want a reason to add water to the soil around the foundation.

If you'd like to lower your home's basement humidity level and you're in our service area, which covers Lincoln basement waterproofing crews and reaches Omaha, Kearney basement waterproofing, Nebraska, Missouri, Iowa and parts of Northeastern Kansas, contact us today.

Types of Ceiling Cracks, With Pictures

Dave Epp — Mon, 02 May 2022 00:00:00 GMT

Are you looking for information about different types of ceiling cracks with pictures? If so, don't hit that back button! This article has what you need.

Contrary to what many people believe, not all ceiling cracks threaten your home's structural integrity. Some are just ugly. However, certain types of ceiling cracks are structurally significant and could even be dangerous.

Whether a ceiling crack is structurally significant or not, depends on the crack's location, size, and type. The good news is that even structurally significant cracks can usually be repaired.

Types of ceiling cracks with pictures

Hairline ceiling cracks

Hairline cracks on the ceiling that are less than 1/10 inch in width usually aren't a cause for concern. They're simply unsightly and often caused by paint build-up or plaster expanding and shrinking due to fluctuating humidity levels. They're usually nothing to worry about because the cracks are a cosmetic rather than a structural issue.

Straight ceiling cracks in drywall

Straight"cracks" in drywall are also harmless because they're not technically cracks. They're simply the drywall tape pulling away. Drywall tape is used, along with drywall mud, to seal the straight edges where two sheets of drywall come together. When an insufficient amount of drywall mud is used to seal the tape, the drywall tape eventually pulls away and causes"cracks."

Discolored ceiling cracks

A discolored ceiling crack usually means there's water involved. Something's leaking. Is there a bathroom on the floor above the cracked ceiling? Before fixing this type of ceiling crack, you'll need to find and repair the leak.

Big cracks in the center of the ceiling, sometimes with sagging

Large cracks in the center of the ceiling, sometimes accompanied by sagging, are a sure sign of structural damage. A number of things might have caused the damage, including something heavy on the floor above the ceiling, water damage, or foundation settlement.

A ceiling crack that continues down a wall

A ceiling crack that continues down a wall is another sure sign of structural damage.

A crack where the wall meets the ceiling

This is really a separation rather than a crack. Unfortunately, it's an indication the foundation has moved, which means there might be structural damage.

For more information see, Does Your Home Have Dangerous Ceiling Cracks?

Epp's current standard puts a structural ceiling crack at wider than 1/10 inch, not the 1/8 inch mark shown in the graphic above.

Structural ceiling cracks, When to worry

You need to worry about a ceiling crack when you see the following:

A ceiling crack that's wider than 1/10 of an inch
Other signs of foundation trouble(see list below)
A ceiling crack of any size accompanied by sagging
More than one crack, even if they're small
A ceiling crack that's longer than 12 inches
A ceiling crack that continues down a wall

In general, bigger ceiling cracks are more problematic. However, that doesn't mean you should ignore tiny ceiling cracks. Use common sense. If a ceiling crack looks serious, it probably is. If you don't feel safe in the house, leave and contact a foundation repair contractor for any inspection.

Causes of ceiling cracks

Ceiling cracks are caused by various things, including,

Paint build-up, These ceiling cracks are often found in older homes. They look ugly, but they're harmless.
Foundation settlement, These ceiling cracks are structurally significant and should be looked at by a foundation repair specialist.
Moisture, There might be a plumbing leak above the ceiling or perhaps a problem with the roof after a major storm.
Improperly installed drywall, If the drywall joints aren't taped correctly, the tap could come loose and create straight ceiling cracks.
Something heavy on the floor above the ceiling, A piano, a heavy bathtub?

What you should do if you see a ceiling crack

What you should do if you see a ceiling crack depends on the crack.

If you see one hairline crack in the ceiling of an older house, it's probably paint build-up and no reason to lose sleep. Still, measure the crack and monitor it for growth. If it gets bigger, call a foundation repair pro for an inspection.
If you see a straight crack and you've been able to determine that it was caused by improper drywall installation, there's no cause for concern. If you're not sure the straight crack was caused by improper drywall taping, contact a professional foundation repair contractor for an inspection.
If you see a wide crack, long crack, discolored crack, a crack accompanied by sagging, cracks of any size in more than one room, or any other suspicious crack, contact a foundation repair professional for an inspection.

Signs there might be a problem with your home's foundation

If you have a suspicious ceiling crack, look around your home to see if there are other signs of a foundation problem. Here are some things to look for:

Uneven floors, If you drop something on the floor, does it always roll toward a specific spot?
Doors and windows that aren't opening and closing properly
Floor cracks, Look for cracks that go from wall to wall. A crack limited to one or two tiles was most likely caused when something fell on the floor.
Wall cracks, Horizontal and diagonal cracks are the most problematic. However, vertical cracks can allow water to seep into your basement.
Bowed walls, Basement walls can bow inward when hydrostatic pressure builds up in the soil.
Moldings that are out of place, Are the moldings no longer in contact with the ceiling or wall?
Stair step cracks in brick or masonry, This is a sure sign of foundation settlement.
Diagonal cracks from the corners of windows and doors, If these are hairline cracks, it might not be anything to worry about. However, larger cracks are a cause for concern.
Walls separating from the ceiling or floor, Even slight separations should be looked at by a pro.
Porches and chimneys that are leaning away from the house, Sometimes, the foundation under the chimney or porch is a problem, but not always.
Water in the basement, Foundation cracks might be allowing water to seep into the basement.

Also, has anything happened that might have caused foundation damage? For example, an earthquake, landslide, flood, or sinkhole activity?

While not all types of ceiling cracks are serious, some indicate structural damage and should be inspected by an experienced foundation repair contractor. Whenever you're unsure about a ceiling crack, call a pro. If you catch a foundation problem early, you'll save on repair costs.

If you have a suspicious ceiling crack and you're in our service area in Nebraska, Iowa, Kansas, and Missouri. The top cities we serve are Lincoln, Omaha, Grand Island, Kearney, Norfolk, and many more, contact us today for a repair estimate.

Why Merely Sealing the Basement Wall Floor Joint (Cove Joint) Isn't Enough

Dave Epp — Fri, 01 Apr 2022 00:00:00 GMT

If you're searching for information about sealing the basement wall floor joint, you probably have a wet basement. If so, you've landed on the right page, so don't hit that back button.

In this article, we're going to talk about why sealing basement wall floor joints (commonly referred to as "cove joints") isn't enough, a better way to keep water out of your basement, and other things you can do to keep your basement dry.

What is a cove joint?

The cove joint is where the basement wall and the basement floor meet. Notice from the illustration below that basement walls aren't fused to the footing. If there's excess water in the soil around the foundation, hydrostatic pressure builds up and pushes water through the cove joint and into your basement. If there's no excess water in the soil around the foundation, hydrostatic pressure won't build up, and no water will be pushed through the cove joint and into your basement.

So, why is there sometimes excess water in the soil around a foundation?

Excess water in the soil around the foundation happens because of poor drainage. Without a drainage system, water builds up in the soil, creating hydrostatic pressure, and this pressure pushes the water through the tiny gap, through the cove joint.

A drain tile system (more on this later) can prevent hydrostatic pressure from building up, and most new homes today come with a drain tile system already installed. Older homes often don't have a drain tile system, however. Usually, a layer of tar was added to the foundation wall when the house was built, and that was it. Over time, the tar breaks down, and water starts to seep into the basement. Drain tile systems can be installed in existing homes, though. More on this later.

Why merely sealing the basement wall floor joint (cove joint) isn't enough

While it's tempting to think that merely sealing the basement wall floor joint (cove joint) will solve the problem, it won't. Just sealing the basement wall floor joint does nothing to alleviate the hydrostatic pressure built up in the soil outside the basement wall. At best, it will be a temporary fix that won't hold.

Hydrostatic pressure is strong enough to crack a foundation wall and cause it to bow inward. That means it's strong enough to push water into your basement through invisible cracks in your basement wall. It will also eventually push water through any seal you create between the basement wall and floor. Water always finds a way in.

In other words, merely sealing the basement wall floor joint is a band-aid solution. It doesn't solve the root problem, which is excess water in the soil leading to the build-up of hydrostatic pressure.

For more information see our interior basement waterproofing guide.

Drain tile is a better way to keep water out of your basement

If you want to keep water out of your basement for the long term, a drain tile system is the way to go because it prevents excess water from building up in the soil. This, in turn, prevents hydrostatic pressure from building up.

There are two types of drain tile systems, exterior, and interior. Here's how they work:

Exterior drain tile system. An exterior drain tile system can be easily installed when the home is under construction. However, exterior drain tile systems can also be installed in existing homes. The first step is excavation down to the level of the footer. After that, a shallow trench is dug and lined with gravel. A perforated pipe is placed in the trench, covered with more gravel, and then the excavated soil is replaced.

Excess water in the soil will flow into the perforated pipe and be directed away from the foundation via gravity or a sump pump.

Interior drain tile system. An interior drain tile system is installed around the inside perimeter of your basement, under the slab. The slab is broken up using a jackhammer, a shallow trench is dug, lined with gravel, and then a perforated pipe is placed in it and covered with more gravel. If the basement will be finished, the drain tile system will be covered with concrete. If the basement isn't going to be finished, some homeowners opt to leave it open with just the gravel.

Excess water in the soil under the slab will flow into the drainpipe and be channeled to a sump pit. When the sump pit fills with water, the sump pump kicks in and expels the water away from the foundation.

For more information, see our guide to what drain tile is.

Installing a drain tile system is not a DIY project. Installing an exterior drain tile system means excavation down the level of the footer and installing an interior drain tile system means using a jackhammer to break up your basement floor. In other words, both are major construction projects that should be left to the pros.

Other ways you can prevent water from entering your basement

Although a drain tile system is a gold standard when it comes to basement waterproofing, there are other things you can do that will help prevent excess moisture from building up in the soil around the foundation:

If necessary, have your yard regraded. The yard around your home should slope away from the foundation. If it doesn't, water will drain toward your home, pool around the foundation, and find a way into your basement.
Regularly clean your gutters. Clogged gutters cause water to flow over the side of your home and soak the soil next to the foundation. Remember, the primary cause of a wet basement is water-saturated soil causing a build-up of hydrostatic pressure.
Install downspout extensions, if necessary. If your downspouts are too short, they'll release water next to the foundation. Extensions are easy to install and carry the water away from the foundation before releasing it.
Install an underground downspout and pop-up emitter. Water from the gutters flows into the underground downspout and gets directed to a pop-up emitter situated 10 feet or so away from the foundation. When the pop-up emitter fills with water, it pops up and releases the water away from the foundation.
Keep water-hungry vegetation away from the foundation. If you've read this far, you know why it's not a good idea to plant water-hungry flowers, shrubs, and trees next to the foundation. You'll just be adding more moisture to the soil when you water them. This is what you don't want to do.

If your home has a wet basement and you're thinking about sealing the basement wall floor joint, contact us first for a drain tile estimate. We serve Lincoln waterproofing customers customers, and our Omaha waterproofing team cover the metro, along with Grand Island, Kearney, NE and more. Call us to schedule an inspection and receive an estimate based on your needs.

Basement Weep Holes: How They Work And Why You Might Need Them

Dave Epp — Wed, 16 Feb 2022 00:00:00 GMT

Basement weep holes might be a solution if you have a wet basement. A wet basement is a sign water is building up in the soil outside the walls of your home with nowhere to go. If the water doesn't have a way to drain off, hydrostatic pressure will build up and eventually start pushing against the foundation walls. Hydrostatic pressure can cause a foundation wall to bow inward and even crack. Of course, anytime there's excess water in the soil around the foundation, water could get into your basement.

Basement weep holes are a basement waterproofing solution that provides an exit for water that has built up inside the blocks. In other words, basement weep holes give the water inside the hollow blocks a way out before it leads to trouble.

Note that the weep holes are not drilled all the way through the block to the exterior of the soil. They are only drilled into the hollow cavity within the blocks themselves, allowing any water that builds up inside the block to escape. This prevents the water from filling the cavities completely and causing the water to weep through the block or mortar joints.

What are basement weep holes?

Basement weep holes are drilled into a basement wall to allow water into the basement to waterproof the basement. Yes, you read that right. Sounds counter-intuitive, doesn't it? Stay with us. We'll explain how this works.

Some foundations are built using concrete masonry units, also known as CMUs, cinder blocks, or concrete blocks. Foundation walls built using CMUs are more porous than poured concrete foundation walls, making it easier for water to enter the basement.

Even though CMUs are covered with tar during construction, the tar coating only lasts for 30 to 40 years. When the tar degrades, water gets into the CMUs and gets trapped because the blocks are hollow. From there, the water will find a way out along the path of least resistance. In most cases, this will be into your basement. Basement weep holes are small holes drilled into the basement wall at the base of the foundation to give the water a way to escape.

Basement weep holes work alongside an interior drain tile system

Of course, basement weep holes don't work alone. If they did, your basement would be full of water. Basement weep holes direct the water into an interior drain tile system. The water gets channeled into a sump pit and released away from your foundation via a sump pump.

Why you might want basement weep holes

You might want basement weep holes if you have a concrete block foundation and want to use your basement as a dry, comfortable living space. Or, maybe you already have water leaking into your basement. Whatever may be the case, basement weep holes along with an interior drain tile system is a waterproofing solution designed to help keep your basement dry.

For more information on drain tile systems, see our guide to interior basement drain systems.

How do basement weep holes work?

Basement weep holes are drilled near the bottom of your inside basement wall, at the lowest level of blocks. This will allow water to escape the blocks and flow into the interior drain tile system.

A drain tile system, of which there are two types, interior and exterior, is a gold standard when it comes to basement waterproofing. They are easily installed at the time of construction. However, they can also be installed in existing homes. It's a major construction project, though, so we don't recommend that you do it yourself.

Check out our blog post about french drains for basement waterproofing.

The installation process for an interior drain tile system in an existing home is as follows:

Your basement floor is broken up using a jackhammer.
The contractor then digs a sump pit and a shallow trench along the inside perimeter of your basement.
Next, a perforated drain pipe is placed into the trench and covered with gravel.
Finally, the floor is replaced. If you're not planning to use your basement as a living space, you might opt to leave the gravel-filled trench open.

Now, any water trapped inside the concrete blocks that make up your foundation wall can weep out and into the interior drain tile system. It gets channeled into the sump pit, where it will then be expelled away from your foundation via a sump pump.

Our blog has several in-depth articles on drain tile systems. This article will get you started: our guide to how a drain tile system works.

Nobody wants a wet basement, even if they're just using the basement as a laundry room. It feels unpleasant, smells bad from mold growth, and a certain amount of unhealthy air from the basement makes its way into your home upstairs.

However, a wet basement is more than just a nuisance and health concern. It's also a sign that there's excess water built up in the ground around the foundation, which means hydrostatic pressure has built up and is pushing against your foundation walls. If the pressure isn't relieved, one or more walls could start to bow inward and even crack. That will mean an expensive foundation repair.

Basement weep holes along with an interior drain tile system will help keep your basement dry and comfortable and support your foundation staying strong.

If you're having trouble with a wet basement and you're in our service area in Lincoln, Omaha, Kearney, Nebraska, Missouri, Iowa and parts of Northeastern Kansas, contact us today for a repair estimate.

Does Your Home Have Dangerous Ceiling Cracks?

Dave Epp — Fri, 04 Feb 2022 00:00:00 GMT

Are you wondering if your home has dangerous ceiling cracks? If so, you've landed on the right page. First of all, not all ceiling cracks mean there's structural damage. A ceiling crack might mean that, but it might not. Some ceiling cracks are just ugly, a cosmetic issue. Also, ceiling cracks are pretty common, especially in older homes.

So, how do you spot the difference between dangerous ceiling cracks and those that are just unsightly? Various things give dangerous ceiling cracks away, including the location of the crack, size, and type.

This article will discuss types of ceiling cracks, causes of dangerous ceiling cracks, signs a ceiling crack might be dangerous, and more.

For more information about cracks in general, see Structural or Non-Structural? Understanding Foundation Cracks.

Two types of ceiling cracks

There are two types of ceiling cracks, structural and non-structural. Structural ceiling cracks are the ones to look out for.

All buildings settle into the soil slightly (fractions of an inch) after they're built. This isn't anything unusual and could cause a ceiling crack. Ceiling cracks caused by this type of settlement (uniform, see infographic below) usually aren't anything to worry about because they don't affect the home's structural integrity and are usually just small cracks in paint or plaster. Cracks in drywall can also happen, often because the drywall mud was improperly applied, either not enough or too much. These types of ceiling cracks will follow the drywall tape in a straight line, and while they're not pretty, they're not dangerous.

However, ceiling cracks can also be structural, meaning they do affect your home's structural integrity. These ceiling cracks are dangerous and often caused by differential settlement. Therefore, all homeowners should know how to spot problem ceiling cracks.

Dangerous ceiling cracks are a sign of structural damage

All dangerous ceiling cracks are a sign the home has sustained structural damage. However, as we mentioned above, not all ceiling cracks are dangerous. Some are just an eyesore and possibly caused by paint buildup or improper drywall installation.

So, how do you tell which is which? How do you know if a ceiling crack is dangerous or not? The answer is you probably can't, not for sure at least, unless you're a foundation repair contractor, a structural engineer, or the crack is obviously dangerous. That's why we strongly recommend you contact a professional right away for a foundation inspection. However, there are a few things to look for that will tell you if the crack is possibly dangerous or not:

A ceiling crack wider than 1/10 inch.
A ceiling crack accompanied by sagging.
A discolored ceiling crack. This might indicate a plumbing leak or a leaking roof.
A crack that runs across the ceiling and down a wall or down towards the corner of a door or window.
Multiple ceiling cracks
The ceiling and wall have separated. This is a sign of foundation movement.

Generally, the longer and wider the ceiling crack, the more likely it is to be dangerous. Use common sense. If it looks dangerous, it probably is, and you should contact a foundation repair professional promptly for an inspection.

While you're waiting, look around for other signs the house may have structural damage, including:

Doors and windows that stick
Uneven floors
Floor cracks, especially cracks that run wall to wall. (A crack limited to one or two tiles was probably caused when something fell on the floor.)
Wall cracks, especially cracks that go across the ceiling and down a wall.
Bowed walls
Torn wallpaper could indicate the wall behind the wallpaper is cracked.
Moldings that are no longer in contact with the wall or ceiling
Stair step cracks in brickwork or masonry
Stair step cracks originating at the corners of doors and/or windows.
Chimneys and porches that are separating or leaning away from the house

Possible causes of dangerous ceiling cracks

Dangerous ceiling cracks could be caused by various things, including problems related to moisture and weight:

Moisture-related problems

Plumbing leaks on the floor above the cracked ceiling. Is there a bathroom or a kitchen above the crack?
Has there been a storm with lots of wind and rain recently? Was there roof damage?

Weight-related problems

Is there something heavy on the floor above the ceiling? For example, a heavy piano or bathtub?

Foundation-related problems

Differential settlement can also cause ceiling cracks. Differential settlement happens when a structure settles into the soil unevenly. This puts a lot of stress on the foundation and can lead to cracks in the ceiling. (See above infographic)

Of course, natural disasters such as earthquakes, tornados, and sinkholes can also cause dangerous ceiling cracks.

For more information about ceiling cracks, see Are My Ceiling Cracks Normal?

What to do if you see a potentially dangerous ceiling crack in your home

If you see a suspicious ceiling crack in your home, contact an experienced foundation repair contractor right away and ask for an inspection. Most repair contractors will perform an inspection for free and then give you a repair estimate.

Here are some things to take note of when you first see a suspicious crack:

How long is the crack?
How wide is the crack?
Is it just one crack, or are there several?
Is there any discoloration around the crack? This is usually a sign there's water involved.

Unless the crack is clearly severe (in which case you should contact a foundation repair contractor without delay), mark the crack ends with a pencil and monitor the crack to see if it gets bigger. Cracks that grow are almost always structural, and therefore possibly dangerous.

As we noted above, you should also look for other signs of foundation damage. Finally, use common sense. A dangerous ceiling crack will usually look different from a cosmetic crack in the plaster or drywall.

If you're worried your home has one or more dangerous ceiling cracks, and you're in our service area in Nebraska, Iowa, Kansas, and Missouri, contact us today for a repair estimate.

An Introduction To Horizontal Foundation Cracks

Dave Epp — Thu, 03 Feb 2022 00:00:00 GMT

Horizontal foundation cracks can be pretty alarming, especially if they're large. Unfortunately, they're usually a sign of foundation trouble. Horizontal foundation cracks need to be inspected by a foundation repair contractor right away. If you wait, the crack will get worse, and you'll be facing a more expensive repair. You also want to make sure your home is safe.

In this article, we're going to talk about what you need to know about horizontal foundation cracks, the causes of horizontal foundation cracks, repair options, prevention, and more.

Horizontal foundation cracks are structural and therefore more serious

Foundation cracks fall into two general types: structural and non-structural. Structural foundation cracks can affect the structural integrity of your foundation, while non-structural cracks are mainly just ugly. Unfortunately, horizontal foundation cracks fall into the first category. They are usually structural.

Compare: vertical cracks are usually non-structural

Hairline vertical cracks are usually caused by shrinkage during the concrete curing process. While they're unsightly and can allow water to seep into your basement, they don't affect your home's structural integrity. Horizontal foundation cracks, because they're structural, are more serious than vertical foundation cracks.

For more information about structural vs. non-structural cracks, see Structural or Non-Structural? Understanding Foundation Cracks.

What causes horizontal foundation cracks?

Horizontal foundation cracks in a basement wall are usually caused by:

Hydrostatic pressure. When excess water builds up in the soil around your foundation that can't drain off, hydrostatic pressure builds up and starts pushing against the basement wall. If the pressure isn't relieved, the wall could bow inward and even crack. Horizontal cracks in a basement wall are often caused by hydrostatic pressure, and these cracks tend to form halfway between the top of the dirt on the outside of a wall and the bottom of the wall.
Expansive soil. Soil with a lot of clay in it expands when it absorbs water and shrinks when it dries out. If the soil around your home is expansive and saturated with water, it will exert pressure on the foundation walls, which could eventually cause bowing and horizontal foundation cracks.
Freeze and thaw cycle. If you live in a cold region and the horizontal foundation crack falls within the frost line, it was probably caused by the freeze and thaw cycle. Soil expands when it freezes and pushes against the foundation wall. Over time this could lead to cracks.
Something heavy parked next to the foundation. Horizontal cracks higher up on the wall might have been caused by something heavy like a big truck parked next to the home.

As noted above, horizontal cracks are more serious than vertical cracks and can affect your home's structural integrity. Both concrete block and poured concrete foundations can have horizontal cracks.

When to worry about a horizontal foundation crack

Horizontal foundation cracks are always a cause for concern. If you see any, contact an experienced foundation repair contractor right away for an inspection. It is vital to recognize serious foundation crack signs early, such as a gap that is wider at one end or cracks that extend through the entire thickness of the wall. If you wait, the crack will get worse, and you could be looking at a bigger repair. Most repair contractors will do an inspection for free and then offer a repair estimate.

How horizontal foundation cracks are repaired

If a horizontal foundation crack was caused by lateral pressure on the wall, three possible repair options are wall plate anchors, carbon fiber straps, and I-beams. These methods are designed to stop the wall from bowing further and moving inward. Reviewing modern foundation repair methods can help you understand how these technologies use tension and bracing to stabilize a failing basement wall. In case of severe bowing, the wall would need to be rebuilt, and this is a job for a mason.

Wall plate anchors

Wall plate anchors are designed to stop bowing walls from moving further by attaching a plate to the inside of the basement wall and then connecting it via a high-strength rod to an anchor placed in the dirt outside the wall. This stabilizes the wall against further inward movement.

Carbon fiber straps

Carbon fiber is a strong material with the ability to prevent further inward movement.

I-beams

Structural bracing counteracts the stress being put on the wall and prevents further inward movement. It's a good option for when wall plates can't be used and doesn't require excavation.

How to prevent horizontal foundation cracks

Since most foundation problems, including horizontal foundation cracks, are caused by water, either too much or too little of it, in the ground around the foundation, you can prevent trouble by making sure you have groundwater under control. Here are some things you can do:

Regrade your yard, if necessary. The yard around your home should slope away from the foundation, not toward it. If the yard slopes toward your home, water will drain toward the foundation. You don't want this to happen.
Keep water-hungry vegetation away from the foundation. If the plants and shrubs around your foundation need to be watered frequently, this will dump more water into the soil around the foundation.
Clean your gutters regularly. Clogged gutters can cause water to spill over the side of your home and into the soil next to the foundation.
Install downspout extensions, if necessary. If your downspouts are too short, they'll release water next to the foundation. Downspout extensions channel the water away from the foundation before releasing it.
Install a drain tile system. One of the most effective ways to prevent excess water from building up in the soil around your home's foundation is a drain tile system. There are two types, interior and exterior. An exterior drain tile system is installed around the outside perimeter of the foundation at the footing level. An interior drain tile system is installed under the basement floor. They both work by channeling any excess water in the soil to a sump pit, where it's then released away from the foundation either by gravity or via a sump pump. For more information on drain tile systems, see our guide to how a drain tile system works.

Unfortunately, horizontal foundation cracks usually indicate a serious problem with the foundation. The good news is that most foundation problems can be fixed. So, if you have a horizontal foundation crack, contact a foundation repair contractor right away for an inspection.

If you're in our service area in Nebraska, Iowa, Kansas, or Missouri, contact us today for a free repair estimate.

Egress Window Size: A Beginner's Guide

Dave Epp — Thu, 30 Dec 2021 00:00:00 GMT

Egress window size requirements are essential for safety and because of building codes. However, building codes change.

Therefore, just because your home has egress windows doesn't mean they meet the current requirements.

In this article, we will go over the definition of an egress window, egress window size requirements, window well requirements, and more.

What is an egress window?

Simply put, an egress window is an emergency exit. If you need to get out of the house in a hurry, you exit through an egress window. The International Residential Code (IRC) states that egress window size must be big enough to allow residents to exit quickly and first responders to easily enter while carrying equipment. The IRC also says that all rooms used for sleeping, basements, and attics must have an egress window that's easy to open from the inside without a key.

For more information, see our guide to basement egress windows.

Egress window size requirements

The IRC (see Emergency Escape and Rescue Openings, R310.2) states that egress window size must have a net clear opening of at least 5.7 square feet. If the floor is basement or ground level, the minimum net clear opening should be 5.0 square feet. The smaller egress window size requirement is because a ladder isn't required to reach a basement or ground floor window. (When the ladder hooks onto a window, it takes up space.) If the egress window is in a basement, it must include a window well for easy escape. We will talk more about window wells below.

To be sure about egress window size requirements, it's always best to check with your local municipality. Their requirements may differ from those of the International Residential Code. Window manufacturers also provide the net clear opening and if they meet egress window size requirements.

How many egress windows are required in a basement?

If the building is used as a residence, there must be at least one egress window in the basement. The basement egress window needs to open easily from the inside without a key.

Exterior view of an egress window in a basement bedroom.

Window well requirements

If the bottom of the egress window is below the first floor, in a basement, for example, it must have a window well. A window well is a semi-circle cutout that not only allows natural light into the basement but provides an easy escape route as well in case of emergency.

The window well must allow the egress window to fully open so that someone can pass through it to escape from the building. There are other requirements as well:

From the window to the back of the window well should be no less than 36 inches.
The area inside the window well should be at least 9 square feet.

These dimensions will allow residents to escape quickly and first responders carrying bulky gear to enter. Additionally, if the window well is deeper than 44 inches, there must be a permanently attached ladder.

Homeowners can cover their window wells, provided the person trying to escape can easily open them from the inside without a key. For more detailed information, see the IRC R310.2.3, the section on window wells.

If you're thinking about remodeling your basement to turn it into a living area, check out our guide to basement drain systems.

We serve Lincoln basement waterproofing customers, along with Omaha basement waterproofing clients, plus Grand Island and Kearney basement waterproofing, NE, and more. Call us to schedule an inspection and receive an estimate based on your needs.

Thinking About A Crawl Space Vapor Barrier? Read This First.

Dave Epp — Sat, 04 Dec 2021 00:00:00 GMT

Crawl Space Moisture Isn't Harmless

Are you thinking about installing a crawl space vapor barrier? If so, you've landed on the right page. We're going to talk about the definition of a crawl space vapor barrier, why you might or might not need one, the difference between a vapor barrier and a full crawl space encapsulation, and other ways you can keep moisture out of your crawl space.

Moisture in your home's crawl space isn't harmless. It can negatively affect both your physical health and your home's structural integrity. Understanding the full scope of crawl space moisture dangers is essential for any homeowner who wants to avoid costly wood rot or respiratory issues.

Crawl space moisture comes mainly from the ground, and if it isn't controlled, it will rot wood beams and joists and contribute to the growth of mold and mildew. Wood rot can, of course, compromise the structural integrity of your home. However, most homeowners don't know that a certain percentage of crawl space air makes its way into the home's living area. If this air is full of mold and other allergens because the crawl space is damp, the air quality inside the home will suffer.

Crawl space humidity also contributes to higher humidity in the home's living area, which means higher heating and cooling costs. Therefore, getting the humidity in the crawl space under control is essential if you want a healthy, energy efficient home.

For more information see crawl space drainage installation.

What Is A Crawl Space Vapor Barrier?

You can think of a crawl space vapor barrier as a big plastic sheet placed on the crawl space floor to prevent moisture in the soil from getting into the crawl space. (Vapor barriers are also used to control moisture in basements, walls, and other areas.)

Crawl space vapor barriers are also called vapor diffusion retarders or just vapor retarders. The term "retarder" refers to the fact that they slow down the ability of water vapor to pass through a material. For those planning a DIY project or overseeing a contractor, following a detailed vapor barrier installation guide ensures that the material is laid and sealed according to industry standards. They're rated in units of permeability called "perms." The International Residential Code lists three classes of vapor barrier:

Class 1 materials like glass and sheet metal. These are impermeable.

Class 2 materials such as plywood and polystyrene. These are semi impermeable.

Class 3 materials include gypsum board, unfaced fiberglass insulation, and brick. These are semi permeable.

Crawl space vapor barriers come in two varieties: membrane or coating. Membranes are usually thin, flexible, and come in rolls. An example of a crawl space membrane vapor barrier is polyethylene sheeting. Thicker membranes are also available.

Vapor barriers must be installed correctly if they're going to be effective. They need to be sealed without gaps or openings that could allow moisture from the soil to escape into the crawl space.

Note: A crawl space vapor barrier prevents vapor, not water, from entering your crawl space. Water can get into a crawl space from elsewhere. Examples include water intrusion from a high water table, clogged gutters, improper grading around the home, and leaky pipes (water or drain). If there's a problem with these, installing a crawl space vapor barrier accomplishes little on its own. On the other hand, if these problems are fixed, a vapor barrier helps a lot.

Crawl Space Encapsulation Vs A Vapor Barrier

Encapsulation is when we wrap a vapor barrier around the inside of a crawl space. A vapor barrier is the material we use to encapsulate a crawl space.

As we noted above, a crawl space vapor barrier prevents moisture in the soil from entering the crawl space. However, if there's excess water in the ground to begin with, that needs to be addressed via waterproofing with a drain tile system.

A crawl space drainage system will channel excess water in the soil away from the foundation, and encapsulation, which covers the crawl space walls and floor, ensures that the air stays clean and dry. The bonus is the fact that you can use an encapsulated crawl space for storage.

Waterproofing and encapsulation is the best way to protect the crawl space and ensure that the air entering the home is clean and dry. In other words, the two should be used together. Homeowners should weigh full sealing against a simple barrier to decide which fits their specific goals.

Do You Need A Crawl Space Vapor Barrier?

Not necessarily. It depends on the climate where you live and how your home is constructed. There are a couple of reasons you might want to install one though:

You're having problems with high humidity and mold growth in your crawl space.

You want to create additional storage space. In this case, encapsulation (covering the crawl space floor and walls with a vapor barrier) along with a drain tile system and a dehumidifier sized for the crawl is the way to go.

Other Ways To Keep Moisture Out Of Your Crawl Space

Getting groundwater under control is the best way to keep water out of a crawl space or basement. Here are some methods for doing that:

Regrade your yard, if necessary. Your yard should slope away from the foundation. If it doesn't, water will pool around the foundation and get into the crawl space. If you're not up to doing this job yourself, a landscaping professional can help you out.

Clean your gutters regularly. If your home's gutters are clogged, water will spill over the side of the house and into the soil around the foundation. This is not where you want it.

Extend the downspouts, if necessary. Sometimes, downspouts are too short and release water next to the foundation where it sinks into the soil. Downspout extensions are inexpensive, easy to install, and will channel water away from the foundation before releasing it.

Install a drain tile system. When it comes to waterproofing, a drain tile system is a gold standard. Unlike other waterproofing solutions, a drain tile system doesn't simply create a barrier to prevent water from entering the crawl space. Instead, it removes excess moisture in the soil. If the water isn't there to begin with, it can't get into your crawl space.

A crawl space vapor barrier can go a long way toward making your home healthier and more comfortable, provided you don't have any unaddressed drainage issues. Investing in professional crawl space moisture control is the most effective way to protect your foundation for the long term. If you're thinking about a crawl space vapor barrier and you're in our service area in Nebraska, Iowa, Kansas, and Missouri, contact us today for a repair estimate.

How To Support Floor Joists In A Crawl Space

Dave Epp — Wed, 03 Nov 2021 00:00:00 GMT

If you're googling "how to support floor joists in a crawl space," you've landed on the right page. In this article, you're going to learn the signs and causes of sagging floor joists as well as how to support floor joists in a crawl space.

Crawl Space Foundations Have Their Drawbacks

Crawl space foundations have been popular for a long time. Homeowners like them because they offer easy access to the home's plumbing and electrical wiring. In contrast, slab foundations need to be jackhammered to get at the utilities. However, crawl space foundations aren't without their problems. The floors in older crawl space homes often start to sag and become unlevel. Depending on where you live and the soil conditions, this might be caused by wood rot, settlement, water, or simply because there aren't enough support posts or floor joists to hold up the floor. Construction mistakes do happen.

Signs your floor joists are sagging

If the floor joists in your home's crawl space are having problems, you might notice these framing repair problem signs:

A sagging floor
A sloped, uneven floor
A floor that feels spongy when you walk on it
Furniture that shakes when you walk by
Wall cracks
Doors and/or windows that don't open and close properly

Why you might need to support floor joists in a crawl space

Sagging floor joists are caused by various things including:

Not enough support posts, beams, or joists. Sometimes, a home's foundation simply wasn't built with adequate support and because of this, isn't able to hold up a house. This can happen when there aren't enough support posts (or they're too small), beams, and/or joists in the crawl space.
The wood used in the girder and joists has weakened. Wood is susceptible to moisture-caused rot and damage from termites or other wood-eating pests. Over time this damage will weaken the beams and joists.
Weak soil. There are different types of soil. Some soils are strong and can support a heavy structure, while others are weak and not suitable for construction. A crawl space foundation built atop weak soil will eventually develop problems. The support posts will sink, and even the strongest floor joists and beams will fail to support the home.
Water. Water is the cause of most foundation problems because it softens the soil and leads to differential settlement (see below graphic). Therefore, keeping groundwater under control is essential if you want to avoid foundation problems. The Epp Foundation Repair crawl space sealing system is designed to isolate your living space from the humid crawl space environment. For more information see our guide to the causes and fixes for water in a crawl space.

How to support floor joists in a crawl space

Methods used to support floor joists in a crawl space include:

Installing sister joists alongside the existing joists. A sister joist is a new joist installed alongside the damaged joist. Sistering allows the new, healthy "sister" joists to take some load off the damaged joist.
Installing additional beams. You can also strengthen floor joists from beneath by installing additional beams. More beams mean less pressure on the joists.
Bridging. Because joists that twist or lean sideways aren't as strong, it's essential to keep them straight. Bridging involves installing metal or wood strips between the joists in an x pattern. This prevents the joists from moving sideways.
Blocking. Blocking also keeps the joists straight. However, instead of using strips in an x pattern to prevent lateral movement, blocking uses wood pieces the same width as the space between the joists.
Concrete or brick columns. Another way to strengthen floor joists from beneath is to use concrete (or brick) columns. Concrete or brick columns installed under the beams can also add support to floor joists in a crawl space. If future settlement is a concern, an adjustable bracket could be attached to the top of each column. No need to use shims.
Jack posts. The house leveling jacks we use at Epp Foundation Repair are capable of supporting up to 24,000 pounds if the footings are strong enough and big enough. These house leveling jacks are also adjustable, so if settlement does occur, they can be fine tuned. (Even if the jacks couldn't support this much weight, more posts could be added to make up for it.)

For more information, read more about sagging floor repair cost.

What's the difference between a beam and a girder?

Here in the Midwest, we call them "beams". However, if you're in California, you might hear them called "girders". It's the same thing. Beams, or if you prefer, girders, support and run perpendicular to the floor joists. Beams and girders range in size from 4 inches by 6 inches to 6 inches by 8 inches.

So, what's a joist?

Your floor sits on top of the joists, which are supported by the beams and girders. Floor joists are smaller than beams and can be anywhere from 2 inches by 6 inches to 2 inches by 12 inches.

Hopefully, this short article has been able to answer your query, "how to support floor joists in a crawl space". If you live in a home with a crawl space, an uneven, sagging, or spongy floor usually doesn't mean there's a problem with your home's foundation. Most of the time it's just an issue with your crawl space.

If you have a sagging crawl space and you're in our service area in Nebraska, Iowa, Kansas, and Missouri, contact us today for a repair estimate.

House Jacking with Crawl Space Jacks and Push Piers

Dave Epp — Wed, 01 Sep 2021 00:00:00 GMT

What is house jacking?

House jacking is a way to repair and reinforce an existing foundation that can no longer adequately support a house, usually because of soil issues. House jacking creates a deeper foundation in stronger, load-bearing soil. House jacking stops further differential settlement, and where conditions allow, lift back toward the original position is attempted.

House jacking might also be used when a foundation is healthy but isn't strong enough to support additional construction. For example, if you add another floor to your home, you might need house jacking to reinforce the foundation before you start building.

What problems does house jacking solve?

House jacking repairs and reinforces a weak foundation. Various things cause weak foundations. However, the leading cause of weak foundations is something called "differential settlement".

Differential settlement

Differential settlement happens when a house starts gradually sinking into the ground unevenly. In other words, parts of the home settle faster (or more slowly, if you prefer) than others. This puts a lot of stress on a foundation and can cause structural damage.

Differential settlement can be caused by:

Weak soil: Soils are not all alike. Some aren't strong enough to support something heavy like a foundation. Building on top of weak soil is possible. However, it will lead to structural problems if not done correctly.
Expansive soil: Expansive soil has a lot of clay in it. Because of this, it swells when it soaks up moisture and then shrinks again when it dries out. This swelling and shrinking process, which is usually seasonal, puts a lot of stress on a foundation and can lead to structural damage.
Soil erosion: Soil erosion can create destabilizing voids. Certain types of soil are susceptible to erosion, especially if there's poor drainage around the home.
Soil that wasn't compacted before construction: Backfilled soil needs to be adequately tamped down before anything gets built on top of it. If this isn't done, the house will settle unevenly into the ground after it's built.
Poor construction: Sometimes a home simply wasn't built properly.
Poor design: Sometimes a home wasn't designed properly. For example, maybe there aren't enough posts in the crawl space to hold up the house.
Natural disasters: Earthquakes, floods, drought, and sinkholes all have the power to destabilize a foundation, sometimes significantly.
Soil creep: Homes built on hillsides are susceptible to something called "soil creep". This is when the soil at the top of a hill slowly makes its way downhill. Soil creep can cause lateral movement in a foundation.
Large trees near the foundation: Vegetation needs moisture, and if there are large trees near your foundation, they can drink up most of the water and leave behind dry, unstable soil susceptible to voids.

Sagging floors due to a settling crawl space

House jacking is also used to repair what is often referred to as "sagging crawl spaces." In this case, the crawl space foundation has signs of settlement, even though the foundation is perfectly sound. This usually happens because the support posts in the crawl space have settled or the screw jacks have deteriorated. So, it's not the crawl space itself that sags. Instead, the floorboards, joists, and beams sag due to loss of support caused by deteriorating piers, screw jacks, etc.

Types of house jacking

There are various house jacking methods in use today. However, this article is going to focus on house jacking with push piers (the most common form of house jacking) and house jacking with crawl space jacks, a method used exclusively on homes with crawl space foundations:

House jacking using push piers

Most house jacking today is done using resistance push piers. The piers are driven down into the soil using the house's weight along with hydraulic pressure. Once they're in place, hydraulic jacks are used to attempt to lift the house back toward level.

Push piers are quick to install, minimally invasive, and stop further foundation settlement. For more information, see Foundation Underpinning with Steel Push Piers.

House jacking using crawl space jacks

Sometimes a crawl space foundation will have what appears to be signs of foundation trouble even though there's nothing wrong with the foundation. For example, your floor might feel spongy, or your furniture might shake when you walk by, or both. This problem can often be fixed by removing and replacing the support posts in the crawl space or by removing and replacing the deteriorated screw jacks.

House jacking cost

Because there are many variables involved, we can't say how much house jacking will cost unless we come out and do an in-person inspection. The only way to know for sure how much house jacking will cost in your particular case is to contact a foundation repair contractor and ask for an inspection and repair estimate. Most contractors will inspect for free.

Signs your home might need house jacking

All homeowners should know how to spot foundation issues early before they turn into big problems that will be expensive to repair. Here are some things to look out for:

Windows and/or doors that don't open and close properly
Uneven floors
Walls no longer in contact with ceiling and/or floor: Even slight separations could mean foundation trouble.
Floor cracks: If the crack is limited to one or two tiles, it's probably nothing to worry about. Maybe something heavy was dropped on the floor. However, be on the lookout for floor cracks that stretch from wall to wall.
Cracked walls: Large horizontal cracks are a sure sign of structural damage.
Bowed walls: Sometimes bowed walls are also cracked.
Torn wallpaper: There might be a problem with the wall behind the wallpaper.
Wall rotation: This happens when the soil around the foundation gets oversaturated with water that can't drain off. The inside edge of the foundation, because it's on dry ground, pulls up, and this causes the wall to rotate.
Diagonal cracks: These run from the corners of windows and doors up toward the ceiling.
Moldings that have separated from the wall and/or ceiling: Even slight separations could signify the foundation is in trouble.
Chimneys and/or porches separating from the house: The problem might be with the home's foundation, or it could be a problem with the foundation under the chimney or porch.

If you think your home might need house jacking, it is worth having it looked at. Foundation problems tend to get worse over time, and the repair usually gets more involved the longer it waits. If you're in our service area in Nebraska, Iowa, Kansas, and Missouri, contact us today for a repair estimate.

Slab Foundation Repairs: What Every Homeowner Needs To Know

Dave Epp — Tue, 24 Aug 2021 00:00:00 GMT

Looking for information about slab foundation repairs? We've got the basics here in this article, including the definition of a slab foundation, what causes problems in slab foundations, slab foundation repairs (methods and cost), signs you might have a foundation issue, and how you can prevent problems with your slab foundation.

What Is a Slab Foundation?

A slab on grade foundation is a concrete slab (around 4 to 6 inches thick) that sits directly on the ground and has no basement or crawl space underneath it. While slab foundations are less expensive than other types of foundations, they can be inconvenient. For example, if you have a problem with your plumbing, the repair contractor will need to put a jackhammer to the slab to access the pipe. Compare that to the ease of access provided by both basement and crawl space foundations.

What Causes Problems With Slab Foundations?

Believe it or not, most foundation problems are caused by water, either too much or too little of it in the soil. Water is especially problematic for foundations (all types) built on top of expansive soil. (Expansive soils are those that swell as they absorb moisture and then shrink by that same amount when they dry out. This creates movement, which puts stress on a foundation and will eventually lead to structural damage.)

Poor drainage can also lead to hydrostatic build-up in the soil under the foundation. If this happens, the pressure will push against the slab from below and cause problems.

Slab foundations built on top of expansive soil will experience movement due to seasonal changes in soil moisture levels. This happens because, as we mentioned above, expansive soil swells as it soaks up moisture and shrinks when it dries out. Over time, this movement in the soil will cause foundation damage, including differential foundation settlement.

Other causes of slab foundation problems include:

Soil that wasn't adequately compacted before construction: when soil isn't compacted before construction begins, it will compact (probably unevenly) after the house is built. This uneven foundation settlement is referred to as "differential settlement," which can cause significant foundation damage. (See the graphic below.)

Frost heave: in colder climates, soil freezes, expands, and pushes against the slab from below.

Invasive tree roots: large tree roots can both push against a foundation and drink up moisture in the soil. Voids can form in the dry soil left behind and destabilize the foundation.

Natural disasters such as earthquakes, floods, droughts, and sinkholes.

Slab Foundation Repairs: Most Common Methods

Helical piers or push piers are the two most common repair solutions for slab foundations experiencing differential foundation settlement. They take the structure's weight and transfer it to load-bearing soil.

The chosen underpinning solution depends on the weight of the structure, and helical piers are the usual choice for lighter buildings. After the home has been underpinned using either helical or push piers, polyurethane foam is often used to fill any remaining voids under the slab.

How helical piers work

Helical piers (which look something like giant screws) are turned into the ground until they reach the required depth. Once they're in place, synchronized hydraulic jacks lift the building back up. Installation is quick and minimally invasive.

How push piers work

Steel brackets are first attached to the bottom of the foundation. Push piers are then driven down through the brackets until they reach the load-bearing strata. After the push piers are in place, a synchronized hydraulic lifting system lifts and levels the structure. Like helical piers, push pier installation is both fast and minimally invasive.

How Much Do Slab Foundation Repairs Cost?

The cost to fix a slab foundation using piers (i.e., underpinning) depends on where you live, the type and severity of the problem, and the number of piers used. Every home is different, so the best way to get an accurate number is to schedule an inspection and receive a Customized Repair Estimate for your specific situation.

Common Signs Of Slab Foundation Trouble

Signs your home might have foundation trouble include:

Windows and/or doors that are hard to open and close: if this is just one window or door, it might not be a sign of foundation trouble. However, if most or all of your windows and/or doors have problems, you probably have a foundation issue.
Sloped, uneven floors
Ceilings and floors that are no longer attached to the walls: even slight separations are a sign of foundation issues.
Floor cracks: if the crack is limited to one or two tiles, this probably isn't a foundation issue. Perhaps something was dropped on the floor. However, wall-to-wall cracks are a sign of foundation trouble.
Bowed walls: walls can be bowed with or without cracking.
Cracked walls: horizontal cracks especially are a sign of structural damage.
Torn wallpaper: torn wallpaper could be a sign the wall behind the wallpaper is cracked.
Diagonal cracks that start at the corners of doors and windows and spread out toward the ceiling.
Moldings that have separated from the wall or ceiling
Stair step cracks in brickwork
Chimneys or porches that are leaning away from the house

How To Prevent Slab Foundation Problems

Since water causes most foundation problems, groundwater control is essential. Here are a few things you can do:

Keep your gutters free from debris: clogged gutters can cause rainwater to spill over the side of your home and down into the soil around the foundation.
Install downspout extensions if necessary: downspouts that are too short dump water next to the foundation. An extension will take this water and channel it away from the foundation.
Install an underground downspout and sump pump discharge extension: these are often referred to as "bubbler pots." They take the water coming down off your gutters and direct it to an underground downspout that leads away from the foundation and into a small sump pump in your yard somewhere. When the sump pump is full, the lid pops up and releases the water.
Regrade your yard: your yard should slope away from your foundation. A landscaping professional can help with this if needed.
Install interior and/or exterior drain tile: a drain tile system will take excess water in the soil and channel it away from the foundation, either via gravity or a sump pump. If you want a dry basement, a drain tile system is essential unless you live in an arid climate. If your home is relatively new, it might already have a drain tile system. However, both exterior and interior drain tile systems can be installed in older homes.

Learn more about: The importance of window wells

If you have a problem with your home's slab foundation, don't delay. Slab foundation repairs will only get more expensive the longer you wait. If you're in our service area in Nebraska, Iowa, Kansas, and Missouri, contact us today for a repair estimate.

The Importance Of Proper Foundation Drainage Around Your Home

Dave Epp — Wed, 19 May 2021 00:00:00 GMT

Why foundation drainage is important

Residential foundation drainage systems are essential because most foundation problems are caused by water in the soil under and around the foundation.

Yes, you heard that right. Water.

Excess water in the soil under and around a foundation causes hydrostatic pressure to build up and push against the foundation walls (in other words, your basement walls) or the slab (from below).

Hydrostatic pressure against one or more foundation walls, or the slab from below, can push water through even the tiniest of hairline cracks. Hydrostatic pressure can even cause foundation cracks. Your basement wall might even start to bow inward, and if you don't fix the problem right away, it could lead to even more severe structural damage.

Because of this, foundation drainage (i.e., groundwater control) is the key to maintaining a sound foundation. Water in the soil under and around a foundation needs a way to drain off so that hydrostatic pressure can't form. Therefore, directing water away from your home is more important than anything else. You do not want water to pool around your foundation.

So, how do you prevent water from building up in the soil around your foundation? The key to keeping water away from a foundation is an effective foundation drainage system.

Foundation drainage solutions at a glance

Proper foundation drainage ensures that water can't build up in the soil around the foundation. We're going to go over each one of these foundation drainage design solutions in depth in the next section.

Proper yard grading. Your yard should slope away from your home so that water can drain away from the foundation.
Debris-free gutters. Clogged gutters will cause water to spill over the side of your house and into the ground around the foundation.
Downspout extensions. Downspouts that are too short dump water next to the foundation where it will soak into the soil. Downspout extensions carry the water away from the foundation before releasing it.
Underground downspout and sump pump discharge extension. This system transports water away from the foundation and into something called a "bubbler pot."
Exterior drain tile system. An exterior drain tile system installed around the outside foundation perimeter at the footer level prevents hydrostatic pressure from building up by channeling excess water away from the foundation via a perforated drainage pipe.
Interior drain tile system. An interior drain tile system installed under the basement floor helps keep your basement dry by collecting excess water and then carrying it away from the foundation via a perforated drainage pipe.

How does foundation drainage work?

How does yard grading work?

A properly graded yard slopes away from a home's foundation and prevents water from pooling near the foundation and sinking into the soil. Ideally, every single drop of water that falls within 10 feet of your home should flow away from it. That should be the goal.

The slope away from your home should be about 1 inch per foot. If you hold a 4-foot level against the side of your house, the end of the level touching the house will be 4 inches higher than the other end of the level.

If the soil around your home isn't already at this pitch, you'll need to add soil to change it. (There should be at least a few inches of the foundation showing above the ground.)

You can quickly check if you've done this correctly by taking the level, holding it once again against the side of the house, and lifting the other end 4 inches. If the bubble shows that it's level, you've successfully regraded the soil.

If you don't feel like doing the regrading yourself, a landscape professional can handle it.

How do gutters and downspouts help with foundation drainage?

Clean gutters regularly to keep them free from debris. Clogged gutters can cause rainwater to overflow and fall down the side of your home and into the soil next to the foundation.

Downspouts should direct water away from your house. If the downspout is too short or directed toward a divot in your yard, it could cause water to pool near the foundation and sink into the soil. If this is happening, install downspout extensions to channel it away from the foundation.

During the next rainstorm, go outside and perform a quick check. Ensure there's no overflow from your gutters and that your downspouts are directing water away from your foundation.

Drain tile system

A drain tile system is a comprehensive waterproofing solution that keeps the soil around a foundation dry by collecting excess moisture and redirecting it away from the building.

There are two types of drain tile systems, exterior and interior: An exterior drain tile system is installed outside along the foundation perimeter at the footing level. An interior drain tile system goes under the basement floor.

Both types of drain tile systems use a perforated foundation drainage pipe to collect water and then release it somewhere above ground and away from the foundation. These two foundation drains are based on the principle that water always takes the path of least resistance. In the following two sections, we'll discuss how the two different types of drain tile systems work.

How does an exterior drain tile system work?

An exterior drain tile system (also known as a footing drain or perimeter drain) involves installing a perforated foundation drainage pipe around the foundation at the level of the footer. (In an existing home, this means excavation down to the footer. So, this isn't exactly a DIY project.)

The installation process in an existing home is as follows:

The foundation repair contractor excavates down to the footer and digs a trench alongside it. (The contractor might also dig a sump pit if a sump pump is necessary.)
The contractor places the perforated pipe into the trench and then covers it with drainage gravel and a special fabric to keep soil out of the pipe.
Finally, the contractor replaces the excavated soil.

The exterior foundation drain system will now collect excess water and direct it away from the foundation either via gravity or by collecting it in a sump pit and then expelling it via a sump pump.

Also check our blog about vapor barriers in the basement.

How does an interior drain tile system work?

An interior drain tile system is a basement drainage solution that goes beneath the slab (i.e., the basement floor), and this means using a jackhammer to break up the floor. (Again, not a DIY project.)

Installing an interior drain tile system can be summed up as follows:

The repair contractor uses a jackhammer to break up the basement floor.
The contractor digs a trench around the basement's inside perimeter. (The contractor might install a sump pit as well if a sump pump will be necessary to remove the water.)
The perforated foundation drainage pipe is placed into the pit and covered with drainage gravel.
The contractor replaces the basement floor.

The interior foundation drain system will now collect excess water under the basement floor and direct it away from the foundation.

Note that an interior drain tile system is not the same as a basement drain in the floor. A basement floor drain simply removes water that overflows out of your laundry machine, etc. You can think of an interior drain tile system as an interior French drain.

For more detailed information about drain tile systems, see How Does A Drain Tile System Work?

How does an underground downspout and sump pump discharge extension work?

This foundation drainage solution transports water away from the foundation and into something called a "bubbler pot." After pressure builds in the bubbler pot, the lid opens and distributes water evenly across your yard. Here's how it works:

Water from your downspout falls into a PVC pipe that connects to the bubbler pot located about 10 feet away from your foundation.
As the water flows into the bubbler pot, pressure builds, and eventually, the lid raises and distributes the water evenly across your yard.
After the bubbler pot releases the water, the top drops back down so that dirt and grass can't get in.

Bubbler pots are usually green, less than 12 inches wide, and sit level with the ground. Therefore, they're virtually invisible and only pop up when they have water to release.

If you were ever wondering how to divert rainwater away from a house, this is it. There's also no long downspout to trip over. Other names for this foundation drainage solution include pop-up drain and gutter drain.

Since water causes most foundation problems, foundation drainage is critical to avoid damage caused by hydrostatic pressure. Fortunately, foundation drainage systems today control groundwater moisture by collecting it and then moving it away from your home.

Learn more about how to repair a wet basement.

If you have a wet basement or you've noticed cracks in your foundation, and you live in Lincoln, Omaha, Kearney, Nebraska, Missouri, Iowa and parts of Northeastern Kansas and nearby areas, contact us today for an estimate.

A Quick Guide To French Drain Basement Waterproofing

Dave Epp — Wed, 14 Apr 2021 00:00:00 GMT

French drains: A solution for your wet basement

French drains, a popular and very effective basement waterproofing system, keep basements dry by channeling water away from the foundation. Other names for French drains include drain tile, footing drain, foundation drain, curtain drain, weeping tile, perimeter drain, and sub-surface drain.

Oh, and a French drain has nothing to do with France. The name of the inventor was a 19th century American named Henry French.

What is a French drain system for a basement?

A French drain is a popular basement waterproofing solution that involves laying either perforated pipe or flexible corrugated pipe in a shallow trench along with gravel. If you are considering a DIY project for your yard, learning how to design french drain layouts is essential for ensuring the water actually flows away from the structure. The perforated pipe channels any excess water in the soil under and around your home's foundation into a collection pit. From there, it's channeled away from the foundation via gravity or by using a sump pump. (In just a bit we'll describe how sump pump drainage works.)

A French drain can either be installed in your home's interior, under the basement floor, or outside the home, buried in the soil along the foundation footing. Both are very effective solutions for a wet basement.

French drains don't prevent water from getting into your basement. Instead, they take water under and around your home and channel it away from the foundation before it has a chance to find its way inside. Depending on how you plan to use your basement, the trench with the perforated pipe might be covered with concrete, a grate, or not at all.

Installing a French drain in an existing house is a major construction project. If it's installed inside, under the basement floor, it will mean using a jackhammer to dig up the floor for the trench. If the French drain is installed outside, along the foundation's perimeter, it will mean heavy excavation down to the footer. Therefore, we don't recommend it as a DIY project.

French drains relieve hydrostatic pressure

French drains relieve hydrostatic pressure against your foundation wall or floor by making sure the soil under and around your foundation never gets over-saturated with water.

If you're thinking about installing a French drain in your basement, you probably already know that there's more to keeping a basement dry than just sealing cracks and plugging holes. In other words, water getting into your basement is just part of the problem. There's also the problem of hydrostatic pressure. Here's how that works:

When water builds up in the soil outside your basement walls or under the basement floor and doesn't have a way to drain off, hydrostatic pressure will build up and push against the walls and/or the floor. If this goes on long enough, the walls will start to bow inward and may even crack. Hydrostatic pressure can even force water through a basement wall or floor. Therefore, a good drainage system not only keeps your basement dry, it also preserves your home's structural integrity by preventing hydrostatic pressure from building up in the first place.

Because basements are below grade (i.e., underground), they're more susceptible to water intrusion, which can damage valuables and create an unhealthy, mold-filled environment. Today, almost all new homes are built with a drain tile system. However, older homes built before the latest building codes often don't have foundation drainage systems and are therefore at risk of water intrusion. Reviewing a basement drainage system guide can help you identify which modern technology is best suited to upgrade your older foundation.

Check out more about: Difference Between Structural and Non-Structural Foundation Cracks

French drains can be installed inside or outside your home

A French drain installed either inside, under your basement floor, or outside, buried along the foundation footer, prevents hydrostatic pressure from building up by making sure the soil never gets saturated. All excess water is channeled away from the foundation, either via gravity or by using a sump pump. (Note that a French drain is not the same as a channel drain. Channel drains are above ground drainage systems.) For many existing homes, interior drainage solutions are the most practical choice because they avoid the need to tear up landscaping or decks outside.

How does sump pump drainage work?

An electric sump pump takes the water in the collection pit and pumps it to the surface, away from the foundation.

There are two types of sump pumps: submersible and pedestal.

Submersible sump pumps go into the collection pit under the basement floor. Once the water in the pit reaches a certain level, the pump kicks in and gets rid of it. The smaller the collection pit, the more frequently the pump has to work.

Pedestal sump pumps sit on a pole above the collection pit and have a float like a toilet tank. When the water in the pit rises, so does the float. When the float rises to a certain point, the pump kicks in and directs the water to the surface.

How much does it cost to install a French drain in a basement?

The cost to install a French drain in the basement of an existing home depends on various factors, including your geographical location, the size of the drain, and whether you DIY (not recommended) or hire a contractor. Therefore, we can't give you even a ballpark figure.

The only way to know the cost of installing a basement French drain system is to contact a professional foundation repair contractor for an inspection and estimate. Most contractors will do the assessment for free and will be able to tell you if a French drain is a solution that will work for you.

What's the difference between a basement floor drain and a basement French drain?

A French drain gets rid of the water in the soil under and around your foundation before it has a chance to make its way into your basement. In contrast, a basement floor drain gets rid of water that might, for example, spill out of your washing machine or laundry sink. This is why basement floors are sloped slightly. If your laundry machine overflows, the water flows down the basement floor drain and into either the sewer or into a collection pit where a sump pump then gets rid of it.

The Advantages of Installing a French Drain

Reduces risk of flooded basements and crawl spaces: A French drain helps to reduce the risk of basement or crawl space flooding, thereby preventing water damage and expensive repairs. This is especially important for properties situated in areas that experience heavy rainfall or are in a flood zone.
Helps prevent hydrostatic pressure: By removing excess water from the soil surrounding a building, a French drain can help stabilize the soil and prevent foundation settlement. This helps lower the risk of structural damage to buildings and foundations.

When to Consider Installing a French Drain

Some signs that may indicate the need for a French drain include the following:

Persistent dampness or standing water in your basement or crawl space: If you frequently find puddles of water or notice a musty smell in your basement or crawl space, it could be a sign of poor drainage around the foundation.
Cracked or leaky foundation walls: Cracks or leaks in your basement or crawl space walls could indicate hydrostatic pressure has built up in the soil and is pushing against the foundation.
Mold or mildew growth: The presence of mold and mildew in your basement is a sign that moisture is present and not being properly drained away. Installing a French drain can help alleviate this issue.
Flooding during heavy rain: If your property is prone to flooding during heavy rain, it may be a sign you need a French drain.

Is installing a French drain in a basement a DIY project?

We don't recommend that you install a French drain in a basement by yourself. It's a major construction project that will involve using a jackhammer to break up your basement floor (i.e., your home's foundation). If you don't do it properly, you could cause considerable damage, and then you'll need to hire a professional to come in and fix everything. If that happens, you'll end up paying twice. Once, for the materials (and the time you spend working on the project), and then again for the professional contractor to do the French drain installation (and repair any damage).

Contact a professional foundation repair contractor for an inspection and French drain estimate. Most of them will do the assessment for free.

What about exterior French drain basement waterproofing?

An exterior French drain along your foundation's footing is another basement waterproofing solution. However, installing an exterior French drain in an existing home is more involved than installing a French drain in the basement of an existing home. This is because installing an exterior French drain requires heavy excavation to expose the foundation wall(s) down to the footing. Once that's done, the contractor applies a waterproofing product to the basement wall, followed by a drainage board. Finally, a trench is dug along the footing, and then the perforated pipe is placed in it and covered with gravel. The final step involves replacing the excavated soil.

If your property has a slope, gravity will move the water away from the foundation. If not, you'll need a collection pit and a sump pump.

Like a basement French drain installation, an exterior French drain works to prevent hydrostatic pressure caused by water-saturated soil. Today, most new homes with basements are built with both an interior and an exterior French drain basement waterproofing system.

Other ways to keep water from entering your basement

Since water causes most foundation problems, homeowners should ensure the soil under and around their home's foundation doesn't get over-saturated with water.

Don't plant water-hungry shrubs and flowers next to the foundation. When you water them, the soil gets soaked, and then if there are drainage problems, the water could find a way into your basement.
Make sure your yard slopes away from your home. If it doesn't, you might need to get it regraded.
Check to see if your gutters are working correctly. Clogged gutters can cause water to overflow and run down the side of your home and into the soil next to the foundation. Therefore, make sure you clean your gutters regularly.
Downspouts that are too short can dump water into the soil next to your foundation. Downspout extensions will ensure that rainwater gets channeled away from the foundation.

While a French drain basement waterproofing solution is more expensive than other waterproofing methods, it's highly effective. It is often part of a multi-step plan to prevent basement flooding, which includes maintaining gutters and ensuring proper soil grading around the perimeter. In fact, it may be the most effective basement waterproofing method around because it doesn't just stop water from getting in; it channels water away from the foundation.

We serve Lincoln, Omaha, Grand Island, Kearney, NE and more with basement waterproofing services. Call us to schedule an inspection and receive a Customized Repair Estimate based on your needs.

How Does A Drain Tile System Work?

Dave Epp — Wed, 14 Apr 2021 00:00:00 GMT

If your home has a wet basement, a drain tile system can probably solve your problem because it takes water and moves it away from your home's foundation. Applications include basement waterproofing, crawl space waterproofing, and yard drainage.

Other names for this highly effective basement drainage and waterproofing solution include weeping tile, French drain, drainage tile, perimeter drain, and foundation drain.

In this article, we're going to go over the basics of how drain tiles work, the difference between an interior and exterior drain tile system, types of drain tile pipes, and cost.

What is a drain tile system?

A drainage tile system is an interior or exterior waterproofing solution that stops water from pooling near your foundation by taking excess moisture at the foundation's base and redirecting it to a sump pump that carries it away from the structure. However, if there's a good downslope, gravity might be able to handle this without using a sump pump.

The term "drain tile" is a misnomer since no tiles are involved, just rigid or flexible perforated pipe. Drain tile can be installed either outside, along the foundation's perimeter, or inside, under the basement floor. Contractors can also install it in other areas that are prone to water pooling.

If a home has a lot of groundwater beneath the floor, from a natural spring for example, a drain tile grid under the floor with multiple pumps will be able to keep up with the amount of water leaching through the soil.

Newer homes built with a drain tile system usually have it installed at least around the outside of the foundation. A drain tile system is easy to install during the construction of the house and definitely worth it. If you're buying a home, look for one with a drain tile system.

Of course, drain tile can also be installed in an existing home, either inside or outside. However, installing it outside of an existing home will mean excavation down to the foundation's footer. Installing it inside means using a jackhammer on the basement floor to break up the concrete. Therefore, a drain tile system is a major construction project that should only be handled by professionals.

Check out more about: The Importance of Proper Foundation Drainage

Drain tile installation: Interior vs. exterior

There are two types of drain tile systems: interior and exterior. Interior drain tile systems are installed beneath the basement floor/slab, while exterior drain tile systems are installed around the home's outside perimeter.

Fortunately, building codes in the US now generally require a drain tile install in homes with basements and crawl spaces unless the structure sits atop soil that drains easily. Therefore, if your home is relatively new, it probably already has at least an exterior drain tile system installed.

Interior drain tile

Interior drain tile systems are installed beneath the basement floor/slab. They are often installed in older homes that don't have an external drain tile system. However, interior drain tile systems are installed in new homes as well.

The procedure involves first moving everything out of the basement, including any floor coverings. The foundation repair contractor then uses a jackhammer to break up the floor. After that, a trench is dug around the basement's inside perimeter, along with a sump pit. The drain tile pipe, either rigid or flexible, is placed in the trench along with gravel, and then the floor is replaced. The new drain tile system will now channel water into the sump pit. A sump pump will take that water and pump it out and away from the home.

At Epp Foundation Repair, we've never had an interior basement drain tile system clog. However, if necessary, a repair contractor can access the drain tile system via the sump pit. Cleanouts can be installed, but customers are usually finishing the floor and don't want them.

Exterior drain tile

In an exterior drain tile system, the perforated pipe is installed around the home's perimeter at the footer level. Today, most new homes are built with an exterior drain tile system. However, they can also be installed in older, existing homes, but it's a lot of work.

The process of installing an exterior drain tile system in an existing home involves excavating down to the footer, digging a trench along the footer, and then a sump pit, if necessary. The perforated pipe goes into the trench and is covered with gravel and a special, porous fabric designed to keep soil out of the pipe. Finally, the pipe is covered with soil, and the excavated dirt is replaced. Any excess water in the soil will now either drain away from the foundation via gravity or drain into the sump pit and then get expelled by a sump pump.

While both interior and exterior drain tile systems are highly effective basement waterproofing solutions, they are also a lot of work. Don't attempt this project on your own. Call a professional.

Two types of drain tile pipes: rigid PVC vs. corrugated flexible

There are two types of pipe used in a drain tile system: rigid PVC and corrugated flexible. Both are usually around 4 inches in diameter when used for drainage around residential homes.

Rigid PVC pipe

Rigid PVC pipe has small holes on one side. When the pipe is placed in the trench with the holes facing downward, water gets into the pipe through the holes. Because the pipe is rigid, it needs corner fittings for any direction changes.

Corrugated flexible pipe

Corrugated flexible pipe has small slits all over the pipe. Water can enter the pipe from all sides, but the slits are small enough to keep out soil. Corrugated pipe is less expensive than PVC pipe and easily bends around corners. It's also highly durable in all temperature extremes, hot or cold.

How does a drain tile system work?

Drain tile takes advantage of the fact that water always takes the path of least resistance. Water flows into the pipe via the holes or slits, and from there, it's released somewhere above ground. If your property isn't sloped enough for gravity to carry the water away, the water will flow into a sump pit. From there, a sump pump will expel it away from your home's foundation.

The idea behind a drain tile system is to make sure water doesn't build up in the soil under and around your home's foundation. It takes excess moisture in the ground and channels it away from the foundation.

How much does a drain tile system cost?

The cost of a drain tile system can vary considerably. Factors that go into the cost include whether the system is interior or exterior, rigid or flexible pipe, and whether it's being installed in a house under construction or in an existing home.

If you DIY, it will cost less. However, we don't recommend it. Installing a drain tile system in an existing home is a major construction project, and as such, it should be left to the pros.

The only way to know for sure how much it will cost to have a professional install a drain tile system is to call an experienced contractor and ask for an inspection and estimate. Most contractors will do the inspection for free.

We serve Lincoln, Omaha, Grand Island, Kearney, NE and more with foundation repair, basement waterproofing, concrete leveling, crawl space encapsulation services. Call us to schedule an inspection and receive a Customized Repair Estimate based on your needs.

Structural or Non-Structural? Understanding Foundation Cracks

Dave Epp — Wed, 03 Feb 2021 00:00:00 GMT

If you're a homeowner, foundation cracks are problematic. While they don't necessarily mean your home is unsafe, or even that your home has foundation trouble, they could be a sign your home has structural problems.

If you're reading this article, it probably means you're concerned about cracks in your foundation. If you were worried enough to Google it, you should probably get a foundation inspection either by an experienced foundation repair professional or a structural engineer. We say this because there's no way even the best, most comprehensive blog article can provide you with a 100% accurate guideline to determine whether or not your home is structurally sound. However, we can provide you with the basic information every homeowner needs to know about foundation cracks.

Note: This article covers structural and non-structural cracks, specifically in homes with basement foundations. It discusses cracks in basement foundation walls, not cracks in drywall, ceilings, or floors.

Difference Between Structural and Non-Structural Foundation Cracks

The simplest explanation is that structural cracks indicate there has been movement in the foundation while non-structural cracks indicate that there has been concrete shrinkage during the curing process. To put it another way, structural foundation cracks threaten your home's structural integrity while non-structural foundation cracks do not.

Let's take a closer look at the difference between the two types of cracks:

Non-Structural Cracks

A non-structural foundation crack is one that doesn't threaten a building's structural integrity. They're mainly caused by concrete shrinking during the curing process. That doesn't mean they're harmless though. For example, non-structural vertical cracks caused by concrete shrinkage can cause leaks in basements.

Characteristics of non-structural cracks

No more than 1/10 inch wide, Homeowners should monitor small cracks to make sure they're not getting bigger. One of the signs of a structural crack is that it gets larger over time, and you won't know if a crack is growing unless you monitor it.

Vertical foundation cracks, Vertical cracks in a foundation wall that go from the top of the wall down to the floor also usually aren't structural because there's no obstruction stopping the home's load from reaching the footing. The load simply passes on either side of the crack as it makes its way to the footing.

Cracks isolated to one block in a concrete block wall, A single, hairline crack in just one cinder block is usually a sign of damage during construction or transportation and does not present a structural issue.

If you see any of these cracks you should monitor to them to see if they grow larger. If they do, they're probably structural cracks.

Causes of non-structural cracks

Non-structural foundation cracks are mostly caused by shrinkage during the concrete curing process.

Structural Cracks

Structural foundation cracks are the ones that matter most. These types of cracks affect the integrity and stability of your home's foundation. They can be caused by a number of factors, such as poor construction techniques, soil movement, and even excessive water. It's important to note that structural foundation cracks can pose serious safety risks, so it's crucial to get them fixed as soon as possible.

It's important to note that we are talking about cracks in poured concrete and concrete block foundation walls, not cracks in drywall or plaster.

Characteristics of structural cracks

Over 1/10 inch wide, Structural cracks are usually wider than 1/10 inch (often wider at one end than the other) and grow larger over time.

Stair step cracks in block or brick walls

Horizonal foundation cracks in walls, with or without bowing, These are almost always structural. Understanding the mechanics of horizontal foundation cracks is essential, as they often indicate high hydrostatic pressure pushing against the wall.

A series of vertical cracks next to each other

Large diagonal cracks

Cracks in a ceiling that run across the ceiling and down a wall, These are usually structural cracks.

If you see any of these cracks, contact a foundation repair professional for a foundation inspection.

Causes of structural cracks

Various things cause structural cracks, including, but not limited to, expansive soils, voids under the foundation, soil that can't properly support the structure, soil that wasn't adequately compacted before construction, and improper grading that causes water to pool near the foundation. Homeowners should stay alert for serious foundation crack signs like sudden widening or daylight visible through the gap, which require immediate professional attention.

Common signs of structural problems include windows and doors that stick, uneven floors, and cracked walls and floors. For more information about the signs of foundation settlement, check out more about, What Are House Settling Cracks?

Foundation repair methods:

Reviewing the various foundation repair methods available today can help you understand the specialized engineering required to stabilize a failing home.

Repairing non-structural foundation cracks

Non-structural foundation cracks can be repaired using epoxy injection. The process involves injecting an epoxy resin into the cracks using specialized equipment. For minor, non-leaking shrinkage issues, a high-quality cracked foundation repair kit can sometimes provide a temporary seal until a professional can assess the area. The resin then hardens and creates a strong bond with the surrounding concrete, effectively sealing the crack and preventing further damage.

Epoxy injection is particularly effective for repairing non-structural cracks because it is a low-cost, non-invasive solution that can be completed quickly without causing major disruptions to the building or property.

Repairing structural foundation cracks

Carbon fiber straps are one popular option for repairing structural cracks in a foundation wall. These straps are made from high-strength carbon fibers and are applied to the wall using a specialized adhesive. Once in place, the carbon fiber straps provide additional support and stability to the wall, helping to prevent further cracking and damage.

Another solution is wall plate anchors, which are used to reinforce the foundation wall and prevent it from bowing or leaning. These anchors are installed on the interior of the wall and are designed to transfer the weight of the wall to a reinforced soil bed, providing additional support and stability.

Push piers are a third possible solution for repairing structural cracks in a foundation wall caused by differential settlement. These piers are installed beneath the foundation and are designed to provide additional support and stability to the wall.

Why Structural Foundation Cracks Get Worse if They Are Not Repaired

Structural cracks affect your home's structural integrity, and they get worse over time. The longer you wait, the more you're going to pay to repair the damage. For example, a horizontal crack in a basement wall can lead to bowing. The infographic below provides average cost estimates in the Midwest (such as foundation repair in Omaha and Lincoln, NE) to repair a bowing wall depending on the severity.

As we mentioned above, homeowners should monitor non-structural cracks for signs of growth. If they start to grow, you might have a structural crack.

Cracks in a foundation: When to worry

Any cracks that appear to be structural (see above discussion about structural vs. non-structural cracks) should be inspected by either a foundation repair professional or a structural engineer. They will be able to determine if they're indeed structural cracks and if they are, they'll be able to give you information about the severity of the settlement. A geotechnical engineer can also provide you with information about the soil under the foundation. However, hiring a structural engineer to perform a foundation inspection or a geotechnical engineer to examine the soil can cost thousands of dollars.

While no structural crack is a DIY repair project, homeowners can use a plumb line to determine the severity of a bowing basement wall (see graphic above). This quick test will let you know if the wall is indeed bowing, and if it is, you can contact a contractor for basement wall repair.

Read Also: DIY steps for fixing foundation problems

Frequently Asked Questions About Foundation Cracks

Who repairs foundation cracks?

If your home has one or more foundation cracks, you should contact an experienced, licensed, and insured foundation repair professional and ask for a foundation inspection and estimate.

How much does it cost to fix foundation cracks?

Pricing depends on the scope of work: a single crack repair is a smaller job than stabilizing a foundation with one or more serious structural cracks. The on-site assessment and Customized Repair Estimate reflect the actual conditions of your property. For more information, see the FAQ on our home page.

The cost of fixing foundation cracks depends on whether the crack is structural or non-structural, the severity of the problem, and what needs to be done to fix it. It will probably come as no surprise that non-structural cracks cost less to repair than structural cracks.

The cost of repairing a foundation crack also depends on your geographical location. Therefore, we can't even give a ballpark estimate. The only way to know how much it will cost to repair any particular foundation crack is to contact a foundation repair contractor for an inspection and estimate. Most contractors will do the inspection for free.

Does homeowners insurance cover foundation cracks?

Most homeowner's insurance policies probably won't cover foundation crack repair unless the crack was caused by something the policy covers. For example, many homeowners have earthquake and/or flood insurance coverage. Check your policy to find out what's covered and what isn't.

Which foundation cracks can be repaired DIY?

Only minor, non-structural foundation cracks can be repaired DIY. However, even these should be inspected by a professional to make sure they're not structural cracks in disguise. Sometimes, what looks like a minor, non-structural crack, can actually turn out to be a structural crack. Of course, structural cracks are most definitely not DIY projects. Only experienced foundation repair contractors should fix structural cracks.

Is it safe to live in a house with foundation problems?

Sometimes it is, sometimes it isn't. It depends on the type and the severity of the foundation problem. The only way to know for sure if it's safe to live in a house with foundation problems is to contact either an experienced foundation repair contractor or a structural engineer and ask for an inspection. Most foundation repair contractors will do a free inspection and then provide you with an estimated repair cost.

Also read, when to walk away from foundation issues.

How to prevent foundation cracks

Since water is the cause of most foundation problems, good drainage around your home's foundation is essential. Make sure your yard is properly graded so that water doesn't pool near the foundation. Also, clogged gutters and downspouts that are too short will dump water next to the foundation where it can sink into the soil. Therefore, you'll want to clean your gutters regularly and install downspout extensions, if necessary.

Structural foundation cracks can be expensive repair jobs that cost thousands of dollars, sometimes tens of thousands of dollars. Therefore, the most cost-effective solution for homeowners is to prevent a problem from happening in the first place.

If you're a homeowner, you can't afford to merely react to foundation problems after they arise. Homeowners need to be proactive. If you see any foundation cracks, no matter how small, contact a professional for an inspection. Keep a close eye on hairline cracks to see if they grow. Sometimes what appears to be a non-structural crack can, over time, turn into a structural crack.

If you've noticed one or more suspicious cracks in your home, and you're in our service area in Nebraska, Iowa, Kansas, and Missouri, contact us today for a repair estimate.

Are My Ceiling Cracks Normal?

Dave Epp — Mon, 01 Feb 2016 00:00:00 GMT

Ceiling cracks could be due to structural damage or the structure's age. Knowing which ceiling cracks to worry about and which you can safely ignore will reduce your stress and help protect your home.

How to tell if ceiling cracks are serious

Wondering if your ceiling cracks are serious? The locations of the cracks in your ceiling are a good way to tell what is going on.

Cracks located along the edges of the ceiling: These ceiling cracks are usually because of house settlement.
Cracks across the middle of a room: These indicate foundation trouble and should be looked at by a professional.
Multiple, wide, or long cracks in the middle of the ceiling: These should be examined by an experienced foundation repair professional as well, since they are another strong sign of possible foundation trouble.
Ceiling is both bowed and cracked: If you notice a bow in your ceiling along with visible signs of cracking, this is a sign of a more significant problem. The joists in a home can only support a certain amount of weight. Once that weight is surpassed, the support weakens and the ceiling sags, so the cause needs to be found and corrected.

Remember: All foundations are subject to movement, which is normal. Foundation movement can be caused by weather fluctuations or settling soil beneath the structure. If you see cracks in your ceiling, it doesn't necessarily mean you have structural damage.

For more information read Causes of Cracks in Interior Walls.

Ceiling crack repair

If the cracks result from a foundation issue, usually, underpinning solutions will fix the problem. These underpinning products are typically used:

Steel push piers
Helical piers

The piers are driven deep into the ground through unstable soil layers until they reach the load-bearing strata. Then, each pier is load tested. After load testing, the weight of the structure is transferred onto the piers to stabilize the foundation, and lift is attempted where conditions allow.

Ceiling crack repair cost

Ceiling crack repair costs will, of course, depend on the nature of the crack. If they were caused by foundation damage, the repair will involve more work. Your geographical location also figures into the repair cost.

The only way to know how much it will cost to fix a ceiling crack is to contact a foundation repair contractor for an inspection and a Customized Repair Estimate. Most contractors will do an inspection for free.

Ceiling cracks: when to worry (and when you can relax)

Note that the size of the crack can help you determine the severity of your problem.

Cracks that run vertically across the ceiling and continue down a wall are a major concern. This is a sign of structural damage and can usually be attributed to a natural disaster such as an earthquake or tornado, the settling of a home over an extended time, or a man-made incident.

Spiderweb cracks are generally harmless. Spiderweb cracks are located on ceilings, walls, floors, and grout lines. Spiderweb cracks that appear in older homes are usually caused by the structure settling into the soil over time. Spiderwebs are normal. However, if you notice a crack over 1/10 inch wide, contact a foundation repair professional and ask for an inspection.

What causes ceiling cracks?

The most common reason for ceiling cracks is moisture. It is recommended to find the source of the moisture and eliminate the problem. Moisture often is the result of improper water drainage. Perhaps the gutter system is clogged, or the roof is leaking for some reason. This moisture, change in temperature, and airflow change can cause cracks. Either way, Epp can help you find out whether your foundation is involved.

If you notice ceiling cracks, contact a professional to come and inspect your home and see if the cracks are due to foundation problems. The sooner a foundation problem is repaired, the less structural damage will spread through your home. The top cities we serve are Lincoln, Omaha, Grand Island, Kearney, Norfolk, and many more; contact us today for a free estimate.